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When fever occurs during the eruption of rashes, if the rash first appears on the chest, abdomen, shoulders, and back, one should carefully avoid wind and cold, administer agents that promote ascending and diffusing, with the main goal of allowing the rash to fully emerge on the head, face, and cheeks. If the rash has not appeared on the whole body but manifests first in the hypochondriac regions, accompanied by swelling of both cheeks and a color resembling rouge, these are all very critical conditions. A red, moist, and lustrous rash is auspicious; a purple hue indicates severe illness; black indicates critical danger; white indicates blood deficiency; and black streaks remaining after the rash subsides indicate residual toxins.

Measles (Ma Zhen) are characterized by being superficial, small, and granular, emerging and receding quickly without forming pustules. People in the North call it "Sugar Sore" (Tang Chuang), people in the South call it "Bran Sore" (Fu Chuang), people in Wu call it "Zhen", people in Yue call it [missing character/variant], what ancients called "Ma", and Wen Ren Shi called it "Skin Rash" (Fu Zhen). However, this differs from the previously mentioned concept of "Spleen causing Rashes". Some children have an eruption once or twice, or the eruption lasts only one or two days with few spots, and appears before variola (smallpox); this is named "Milk Measles" (Nai Zhen Zi). If the eruption is slightly more severe, lasts longer, and appears after variola, it is named "True Measles" (Zheng Zhen Zi). Initially, it resembles variola, but variola originates from the Zang organs, belongs to Yin, and has a deep root, making it difficult to emerge and recede, so medication should be warm. Measles originate from the Fu organs, belong to Yang, and have a shallow root, making them easy to emerge and recede, so medication should be cool and clearing. However, there are cases where measles symptoms are identical, but the rash morphology resembles urticaria wheals, or rises like peeled millet grains, appearing as red patches that appear and disappear instantly, or like millet grains, recurring for three times and not receding until after the fourth day. All these are referred to as measles. One should follow the standard method of releasing the exterior, striving for thorough emergence, and the patient will heal spontaneously.

Some infants, not yet full month old, suddenly develop scattered red dots all over the body; this is commonly known as "Milk Measles" (Nai Ma Zi). This arises from heat accumulated in the womb, combined with contracting epidemic pathogens at birth. Since the Zang-Fu organs are delicate and fragile, and Qi and Blood are not yet solid, they cannot withstand strong decoctions or pills. Therefore, large doses should be administered to the nursing mother, who then transmits the medicine through breast milk. However, when the high fever of the rash has not subsided, diet must be regulated, which is similar to the care required for Cold Damage (Shang Han). It is inappropriate to eat bland vegetarian food; one must strictly avoid wind, cold, cold water, and raw fruits/vegetables. Violating these rules causes the pores to close, preventing toxin expulsion, leading to a purple-black discoloration and death. Even if extremely thirsty and desiring water, only scallion white soup should be given in small amounts to relieve thirst, inducing slight sweating and moisture in the skin pores, allowing toxins to be completely resolved. The most forbidden items include chicken, fish, roasted/fried foods, salt, vinegar, five pungent spices, plums, peaches, sugar, honey, and aromatic/fresh foods. Regrettably, families often seek comprehensive remedies in medicine but fail to regulate diet. If care is appropriate, healing can occur even without medication, equivalent to effective TCM treatment. If medication is taken but care is neglected, even the most skilled physician cannot apply their skill effectively.