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The acrid-hot nature of Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) damages Kidney Yin; the draining and leaching action of Poria (Fuling) hinders the generation and ascent of Yang Qi. These six ingredients (referring to Liuwei Dihuang Wan) possess mellow, rich, mild, moistening, and nourishing properties. Upon ingestion, they facilitate the smooth flow of Qi and Blood, harmonize the interior and exterior, and align with the sage's standards.

Digupi Yin (Groundcherry Root Bark Decoction): Treats deficiency-fire hyperactivity, bone-steaming tidal fever, symptoms that are calm during the day but worsen at night; also treats women with heat entering the blood chamber and fever during pregnancy.
Composition: Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Groundcherry Root Bark (Digupi) and Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi), each 3 qian.
Usage: Decoct in water and take orally.

[Collected Notes] Ke Qin stated: In Yin deficiency, Yang Qi invades vacuity, causing fever. Treatment should be differentiated by the three Yin meridians. If pathogenic Yang invades the Taiyin Spleen region, Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang should be used to raise Yang Qi, restoring clear Yang to its proper position so that fire extinguishes itself. If it invades the Shaoyin Kidney region, Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) should be used to strengthen the master of Water (nourish Kidney Yin), thereby calming the fire. If it invades the Jueyin Liver region, Digupi Yin should be used for cooling tonification, allowing Blood to be stored and fire to settle. Siwu Tang is a formula for nourishing Yin and regulating Blood in the Liver. Adding Groundcherry Root Bark clears fire within Zhi (Will) to pacify the Kidney, following the method of "tonifying the mother"; adding Moutan Cortex clears fire within Shen (Spirit) to cool the Heart, following the method of "draining the child". These two bark medicines are cooling but not moistening; they clear Liver Fire without damaging the Spleen and Stomach, differing from Siwu Tang combined with Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu) and Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai), which are moist and bitter-cold. Therefore, Xiaoyao San treats Liver Fire stagnating in its own organ, following the principle of "releasing Liver depression," accommodating its nature. Digupi Yin treats pathogenic Yang invading the Liver, following the principle of "expelling intruders," preventing the enemy from leaving trouble behind. Both formulas are effective agents for treating Liver disorders.

Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction): Treats bleeding due to heat injury, including hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, metrorrhagia in women, and red strangury.
Composition: Raw Rhino Horn (Xijiao), Raw Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang), White Peony Root (Baishao), Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi).
Usage: The first three ingredients are decocted in water, the dregs are removed, and juice from raw Rhino Horn is added. Take warm.

[Note] There are three causes of hematemesis: injury from overexertion (Laoshang), injury from straining (Nushang), and injury from heat (Reshang). Laoshang is treated primarily by regulating injury; Nushang by removing stasis; Reshang by clearing heat. Heat injuring the Yang collaterals causes hematemesis and epistaxis; heat injuring the Yin collaterals causes lower bleeding. This formula treats heat injury. Thus, Rhino Horn clears the Heart and removes the root of fire; Rehmannia cools Blood to generate new Blood; White Peony astringes Blood to stop reckless flow; Moutan Cortex breaks stasis to drive out blood stasis. Although this formula is said to clear fire, it actually nourishes Yin; although it is said to stop bleeding, it actually removes stasis. Once stasis is removed and new blood generated, Yin is nourished and fire extinguishes. This can be considered a method of tracing to the source. If Heart Fire alone is excessive, add Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) and Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) to drain heat. If there is chest pain due to blood stasis, add Rhubarb (Dahuang) and Peach Kernel (Taoren) to remove stasis.

Sisheng Wan (Four Raw Herbs Pill): Treats Yang excess with Yin deficiency, reckless bleeding due to blood heat, manifesting as vomiting or epistaxis.
Composition: Raw Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang), Fresh Biota Tops (Shengbaiye), Fresh Lotus Leaf (Shengheye), Fresh Mugwort Leaf (Shengaiye), equal parts.
Usage: The four herbs are pounded into a paste and formed into pills the size of a chicken egg. Take one pill per dose, dissolved in boiling water.

[Collected Notes] Ke Qin stated: In Yin deficiency, Yang has no attachment, causing fire to flare upward in the Upper Jiao. Yang excess injures Yang collaterals, causing blood to overflow from the mouth and nose. Generally, the nature of herbs is cooling when raw and warm when cooked; cooked herbs tonify, while raw herbs drain. These four herbs are all cold and clearing. By using them raw and pounding them into pills without cooking, their aqueous energy is preserved, distancing them further from fire. Raw Rehmannia is rich in mucilage, clearing the Heart and Kidney and opening the source of blood vessels. Biota tops point west (Metal), clearing Lung Metal and regulating Ying and Wei Qi. Mugwort is aromatic, enters the Spleen and Stomach, and excels in removing stasis and generating new blood. Lotus leaf corresponds to Zhen (Thunder/Wood), enters the Liver, and aids in storing and controlling blood. Once the fire of the five emotions is cleared and the Yin of the five zang organs is secure, Yin and Yang will be balanced and secret, and blood will return to its vessels. This formula can temporarily arrest reckless hot blood; however, overuse will damage Ying Blood. Since cold congeals blood, stasis will not disperse, and new blood will not generate. If one only knows how to clear fire and cool blood but does not follow up with Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) or Rongyang Tang (Nourish Ying Decoction) to consolidate the foundation, few will survive without lingering illness until death. This is not a flaw in the prescription but the fault of misuse.

Danggui Liuhuang Tang (Angelica Hexa-Huang Decoction): Treats Yin deficiency with fire, causing night sweats.
Composition: Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Raw Rehmannia (Shengdi), Prepared Rehmannia (Shudi), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai).
Usage: Decoct in water and take orally.

[Note] Sweating while awake is called spontaneous sweating (Zihan); sweating while asleep is called night sweats (Daohan). Yin excess leads to Yang deficiency, failing to secure the exterior, causing spontaneous sweating. Yang excess leads to Yin deficiency, failing to guard the interior, causing night sweats. In individuals with balanced Yin and Yang, Wei Qi travels through Yang during the day and sleeps, and through Yin at night. With Yin-Yang harmony, where would disease come from? Only in those with Yin deficiency and fire, when sleeping, Wei Qi enters the Yin. Yin deficiency cannot assist Yang, so Yang fire becomes excessive and contends with Yin. Consequently, Yin fluids lose control and escape outward as sweat. When awake, Wei Qi returns to the exterior, Yin rests, and sweating stops. Danggui nourishes fluids; Shengdi and Shudi nourish Yin, ensuring Yin fluids are sustained. Huangqin drains Upper Jiao fire; Huanglian drains Middle Jiao fire; Huangbai drains Lower Jiao fire, balancing the three fires. Adding Astragalus (Huangqi) among these cold herbs is often misunderstood by mediocre physicians as superfluous, and they claim it is unsuitable for Yang excess. Do they not realize the profound meaning lies precisely here? When Yang contends with Yin and sweat depletes Ying, Wei also becomes deficient. Therefore, doubling Huangqi serves two purposes: to repair the already deficient exterior and to secure the unsettled Yin. The Classic states: "When Yin is peaceful and Yang is firm, spirit thrives." This refers to such cases!

[Collected Notes] Wu Kun stated: Night sweats in miscellaneous diseases differ from those in Cold Damage. Cold Damage involves incomplete resolution of pathogens in the half-exterior/half-interior; miscellaneous diseases involve merely Yin deficiency with fire. The former focuses on harmonizing the exterior; this formula prioritizes saving Yin. Thus, Yin-nourishing herbs are paired with fire-draining herbs. Discerning physicians should distinguish between them.

Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Build-the-Middle Decoction): Treats deficiency-wasting with internal urgency, palpitations, epistaxis, abdominal pain, nocturnal seminal emission, limb soreness and pain, vexing heat in hands and feet, dry throat and mouth, and various insufficiency syndromes.
Composition: Astragalus (Huangqi), Malt Sugar (Jiaoyi), White Peony Root (Baishao), Licorice Root (Gancao), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), Ginger (Shengjiang), Jujube (Dazao).
Usage: Decoct the seven ingredients in water and take orally.

[Collected Notes] Yu Chang stated: When deficiency-wasting reaches the point of blood loss and essence leakage, with withered fluids, it is difficult to treat! The Neijing states that for conditions unresponsive to acupuncture and moxibustion, sweet medicines should be used to regulate. Jingui Yaolue follows this by establishing Huangqi Jianzhong Tang, urgently building Middle Qi so that food intake increases and fluids flourish, eventually generating blood and essence to restore true Yin insufficiency. It uses only the sweet flavor derived from grain cultivation, avoiding sour, acrid, salty, and bitter tastes, as there is no other good method. However, usage must avoid excess. Not only should those who vomit avoid the sweetness of Jianzhong, but even if slight Qi stagnation is felt, one must consider that excessive sweet medicine may cause fullness in the middle. Dajianzhong Tang greatly builds Middle Yang; Xiaojianzhong Tang implies small creation; Lizhong Tang implies regulation; Zhizhong Tang implies separate treatment; Buzhong and Wenzhong all imply starting from the Middle Jiao. Because external pathogens in Cold Damage force inward, methods cannot be fully applied. Zhang Zhongjing only used the character "Small" in the formula name to subtly indicate his intent. It was in Jingui Yaolue that the full meaning of "Building the Middle" was realized. Later scholars extended this concept, creating Le Ling's Jianzhong Tang and Shisiwei Jianzhong Tang, elaborating on the purport of building the middle. Scholars should grasp the major principles in their practice.

Shuanghe Yin (Double Harmony Decoction): Treats deficiency-wasting and Qi exhaustion after severe illness. Tonifies Blood and Qi, neither hot nor cold, warming and regulating.
Composition: White Peony Root (Baishao, 2 qian), Astragalus (Huangqi, roasted, 1.5 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 0.7 qian), Cassia Bark (Zhonggui, 0.7 qian), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui, 1 qian), Prepared Rehmannia (Shudihuang, 1 qian), Szechuan Lovage Root (Chuanxiong, 0.7 qian).
Usage: Three slices of ginger, two jujubes, two cups of water, decoct to one cup. Take warm.

[Note] This decoction is a formula by Li Gao, combining Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (minus malt sugar) with Siwu Tang. Huangqi Jianzhong treats deficiency-wasting insufficiency by generating Blood and Qi from the Spleen and Stomach. This formula directly tonifies Yin Blood and simultaneously warms and nourishes Yang Qi. Hence, malt sugar's sweetness is reduced, and pure Yin ingredients are added, named Double Harmony. Digupi Yin aims to cool blood heat, aided by the two barks for clearing. Shengyu Tang aims to save from blood collapse, aided by Ginseng and Astragalus for tonification. Shuanghe Yin aims to warmly nourish Blood and Qi, aided by Astragalus, Cinnamon, and roasted Licorice for warming. The Classic says: "For those with insufficient form, warm them with Qi." This applies here.

Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourish-Ying Decoction): Treats simultaneous deficiency of Spleen and Lung, fever with aversion to cold, emaciation and fatigue of limbs, poor appetite with diarrhea, etc. If various symptoms arise from Qi and Blood deficiency, regardless of the specific disease or pulse, using this decoction will resolve all symptoms.
Composition: Ginseng (Renshen), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu), Poria (Fuling), Licorice Root (Gancao), Astragalus (Huangqi), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Prepared Rehmannia (Shudi), White Peony Root (Baishao), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin), Polygala Root (Yuanzhi), Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi).
Usage: The twelve ingredients, plus three slices of ginger and two jujubes, are decocted in water and taken orally.

[Collected Notes] Ke Qin stated: Ancients treated Qi deficiency with Sijunzi Tang, Blood deficiency with Siwu Tang, and simultaneous Qi-Blood deficiency with Bazhen Tang. Adding Astragalus and Cinnamon creates Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Tonifying Decoction), which should be infallible. Yet some fail to achieve results. This is because tonifying Qi without moving Qi means severely deficient Qi lacks the power to move. Tonifying Blood while still using blood-moving substances means severely deficient Blood lacks the medium to flow. Thus, Chenpi is added to move Qi, allowing Qi-tonics to function effectively. Chuanxiong, a blood-mover, is removed, allowing Blood-tonics to succeed. This shows that skilled practitioners can turn the wheel of造化 (creation/nature) with just one addition and one subtraction. However, Qi can be summoned, but Blood is easily depleted and hard to regenerate. Without seeking the master of blood vessels to nourish it, Ying Qi will remain insufficient. Therefore, Ginseng is doubled as the Sovereign herb, assisted by Yuanzhi's bitterness to enter the Heart first, calming Spirit and stabilizing Will, so that sweet-warm substances can transform into Blood to nourish the body. Since the Heart dislikes laxity, Wuweizi's sourness is needed to astringe Spirit, allowing Ying to circulate in the vessels and flow to the four Zang organs. Named Nourish-Ying, it achieves such great effect without retaining the name Ten Complete.

Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction): Treats Spleen injury from overthinking, or forgetfulness and palpitations, fright and night sweats, insomnia, heart-spleen pain, lethargy with poor appetite, and irregular menstruation in women.
Composition: Ginseng (Renshen), Longan Aril (Longyanrou), Astragalus (Huangqi), Licorice Root (Gancao), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu), Poria (Fuling), Costus Root (Muxiang), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Sour Jujube Seed (Suanzaoren), Polygala Root (Yuanzhi).
Usage: Three slices of ginger, decoct in water and take orally.

[Collected Notes] Luo Qianfu stated: Longan, Sour Jujube Seed, and Angelica in the formula tonify the Heart; Ginseng, Astragalus, Atractylodes, Poria, and Licorice tonify the Spleen. Xue Ji added Polygala, using kidney herbs that connect to the Heart to tonify both, treating the two meridians along with the Kidney. Why is it specifically named Restore the Spleen? The Heart stores Spirit (Shen), whose function is thought; the Spleen stores Wisdom (Zhi), whose output is intention. Spirit, wisdom, thought, and intention represent the virtue of Fire and Earth combining. The Heart is injured by prolonged management; the Spleen is injured by郁 (depression) of intention. Mother disease transmits to the Child, and the Child can weaken the Mother; this is inevitable. Symptoms include forgetfulness, palpitations, fear, and unrest manifesting in the Heart; dietary fatigue, inability to transport, weak limbs, and dull eyes/ears manifesting in the Spleen. If Spleen Yang does not transform, Heart and Kidney will not interact. If the "Yellow Woman" (Earth/Spleen) does not act as a matchmaker, it cannot guide Kidney Qi to the Heart, and how will Heart Yin be nourished? This is why "drawing Kan to fill Li" must return to the Spleen. The herbs one nourish Heart Yin, the other nourish Spleen Yang. Taking "Jian" (Health/Stability) strengthens the Child to benefit the Mother. However, fearing long-standing Spleen depression blocks thought and intention, a small amount of Costus Root's acrid and dispersing nature is taken to promote Qi, awaken the Spleen, and quickly open Spleen Qi to ascend Heart Yin. The return of the Spleen lies precisely here.

Zhang Lu stated: Buzhong Yiqi Tang and Guipi Tang both originate from Baoyuan Tang, adding Angelica and Atractylodes, but differ in raising Stomach Qi versus nourishing Spleen Yin. This formula nourishes Heart and Spleen, stirs the Lesser Fire, and cleverly assists with a little Costus Root to regulate Qi and harmonize Heart and Spleen. Physicians of the world do not understand this principle and omit Costus Root due to its drying nature, leading to bloating and reduced appetite after ingestion, because tonic herbs tend to stagnate and cannot be transformed.

Miaoxin San (Wonderful Spirit Powder): Treats nocturnal emission, fright, palpitations, and depression.
Composition: Chinese Yam (Shanyao, 2 liang), Ginseng (Renshen), Astragalus (Huangqi), Prepared Polygala (Yuanzhi), Poria (Fuling), Spirit Poria (Fushen, 1 liang), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng, 3 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao), Cinnabar (Chensha, ground separately, 1 qian), Musk (Shexiang, 1 qian), Costus Root (Muxiang, 2.5 qian).
Usage: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, washed down with wine.

[Collected Notes] Wang Ang stated: The Heart is Ministerial Fire (Jun Huo). When Ministerial Fire moves, Executive Fire (Xiang Huo) follows. Executive Fire resides in the Liver and Gallbladder. Kidney Yin deficiency fails to store Essence; Liver Yang excess fails to secure Qi. Thus, Essence escapes, resulting in dreams. Chinese Yam benefits Yin and astringes Essence, serving as the Sovereign herb. Ginseng and Astragalus secure Qi; Polygala and Fuling/Fushen calm Spirit. With calm Spirit and secured Qi, Essence naturally guards its position. Cinnabar calms the Heart and anchors Soul; the two musks open depression and unblock orifices; Platycodon carries Heart herbs to linger above the diaphragm; Licorice harmonizes all herbs, interacting in the center. This formula does not establish law via draining fire or astringing; it merely calms Spirit and secures Qi, making Essence and Spirit-Qi rely on each other, reducing dreams and securing Essence.

[Commentary] Zhu Zhenheng stated: The Kidney governs storage; the Liver governs discharge. Both organs contain Executive Fire, connected superiorly to the Heart. The Heart is Ministerial Fire. Stimulated by objects, it moves easily. When the Heart moves, Executive Fire flares up. Even without intercourse, Essence secretly flows and leaks. Thus, sages teach only to gather the Heart and nourish Nature; the purport is profound. Zhu Zhenheng's theory is most appropriate. His lifelong effort focused on nourishing Yin to control Executive Fire, deeply grasping the Neijing principle: Heaven generates Yin with Yang growth; Earth kills Yin with Yang storage. Modern physicians only know Yang generates, not that Yin also generates; only know Yin kills, not that Yang also kills. Although Classics repeatedly state that Yang collapse, Yin collapse, Yang extinction, and Yin extinction all lead to death, biased minds refuse to return. Regarding this symptom: in the elderly, the Heart may move, but Executive Fire is too weak to flare up. Though dreams occur, no emission happens. From this, we see Zhu Zhenheng's use of Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai) alone, with a little borneol, named Qingxin Wan (Clear Heart Pill), exclusively draining Executive Fire, proves frequently effective for middle-aged people with strong Executive Fire, nocturnal emissions, and palpitations.

Tianwang Buxin Dan (Heavenly Emperor Heart-Nourishing Pill): Treats Heart Blood insufficiency, restless Spirit, dried fluids, forgetfulness, palpitations, constipation, mouth and tongue ulcers, etc.
Composition: Ginseng (Renshen), Sour Jujube Seed (Suanzaoren), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Raw Rehmannia (Shengdihuang), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Asparagus Tuber (Tian dong), Biota Seed (Baiziren), Polygala Root (Yuanzhi), Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi), Salvia Root (Danshen), Scrophularia Root (Yuanshen), White Poria (Baifuling), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng).
Usage: Grind into powder, refine honey into pills the size of pepper seeds. Take with plain warm water.

[Collected Notes] Ke Qin stated: The Heart governs Fire, and what governs it is Spirit. Excessive Fire traps Spirit. The Heart stores Spirit; to nourish Spirit, one must nourish the Heart; to nourish the Heart, one must clear Fire, so Spirit can be pacified. Tianwang Buxin Dan uses Raw Rehmannia as Sovereign, descending to Foot Shaoyin to nourish Water. Abundant Water can subdue Fire. This does not tonify Heart Yang, but nourishes Heart Spirit. Just as fruit kernels have仁 (Ren/Spirit), so does the Heart. Nothing clears Qi like Biota Seed; nothing nourishes Blood like Sour Jujube Seed, because Spirit resides therein. The sweetness of Ginseng and Poria tonifies Heart Qi; the sourness of Schisandra gathers Heart Qi; the coldness of Ophiopogon and Asparagus clears Qi-level Fire. With harmonized Heart Qi, Spirit returns naturally. The sweetness of Angelica tonifies Heart Blood; the coldness of Salvia generates Heart Blood; the saltiness of Scrophularia clears Blood-level Fire. With sufficient Blood, Spirit hides naturally. Adding Platycodon as a vessel and Polygala as a guide harmonizes herbs, enters the Heart, and pacifies Spirit. Using this for health preservation, all limbs obey commands. How could there be worry about forgetfulness, palpitations, dried fluids, mouth ulcers, or constipation?

Suanzaoren Tang (Sour Jujube Seed Decoction): Treats deficiency-wasting, empty vexation, and inability to sleep.
Composition: Sour Jujube Seed (Suanzaoren, 2 sheng), Licorice Root (Gancao, 1 liang), Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu, 2 liang), White Poria (Baifuling, 2 liang), Szechuan Lovage Root (Chuanxiong, 2 liang).
Usage: The five ingredients, with eight sheng of water, boil Sour Jujube Seed until six sheng remain. Add other herbs, boil to three sheng. Divide into three warm doses.

[Collected Notes] Luo Qianfu stated: The Classic says: The Liver stores Hun (Ethereal Soul); when lying down, Blood returns to the Liver. Also: The Liver is the root of endurance. Also: Yang Qi, when subjected to烦劳 (vexatious labor), expands. Endurance injury inevitably harms the Liver; vexatious labor exhausts Essence. Liver injury and Essence exhaustion clearly explain deficiency-wasting, empty vexation, and inability to sleep. Sour Jujube Seed is sour and neutral, corresponding to Shaoyang Wood transformation to treat the Liver. Exhaustion requires gathering and tonifying. Using two sheng of Sour Jujube Seed generates Heart Blood and nourishes Liver Blood, fulfilling "gather with sour, tonify with sour." However, Liver depression desires dispersion; disperse with Chuanxiong's acrid dispersion, assisting Sour Jujube Seed to open Liver and regulate Ying, fulfilling "tonify with acrid." Liver tension desires relaxation; relax with Licorice's sweet缓 (slackening), preventing Chuanxiong from dispersing too hastily, fulfilling "protect with Earth." Nevertheless, fearing extreme labor triggers Fire, damaging Yin and Yang, preventing Yang from entering Yin, and still causing insomnia, Anemarrhena is added to elevate Yin Water to control Fire, and Poria to drain Yang Water to balance Yin. With strengthened Water, Hun calms; with cleared Fire, Spirit rests. This is a divine formula for treating deficiency-wasting and Liver exhaustion.

Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Pacifying-Spirit Pill): Treats chaotic Spirit, fright, palpitations, and disturbed sleep.
Composition: Cinnabar (Zhusha, ground separately), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian, each 0.5 liang), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui, 2 qian), Raw Rehmannia (Shengdihuang, 3 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao, 3 qian).
Usage: Grind into fine powder. Soak steamed cake in wine, form pills the size of sesame seeds, coat with Cinnabar. Take 30 pills per dose, swallowed with saliva before bed.

[Collected Notes] Ye Zhongjian stated: The Classic says: Spirit Qi resides in the Heart; Spirit and Essence are complete. Also: The Heart is the root of life, the dwelling of Spirit. Moreover, the Heart is the Official of the Monarch. If the Monarch is unclear, Essence and Qi become chaotic; if Spirit is overly labored, Hun and Po scatter. Thus, sleep is disturbed, and strange dreams occur. Mildly, there is fright and palpitations; severely, there is dementia, delusion, and mania. Cinnabar possesses a luminous body, red color connects to the Heart, heaviness calms fear, coldness overcomes heat, sweetness generates fluids. It suppresses floating Yin Fire and nourishes Upper Jiao Original Qi, being the premier herb for calming Spirit. If the Heart is hot, pair with Coptis's bitter-cold to drain Heart Heat, assisted by Licorice's sweetness to drain it. The Heart governs Blood; use Angelica's sweet-warm nature to return Blood to the Heart, assisted by Rehmannia's coldness to tonify it. When Heart Blood is sufficient, the Liver finds storage, and Hun calms. When Heart Heat resolves, the Lung fulfills its duty, and Po rests.