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The medical classics state: The Bladder is the official of the "Zhou Du" (the reservoir where body fluids gather), storing the Jin Ye (body fluids); it can be excreted only through Qi transformation. It is also stated that the Bladder is located at the level of the nineteenth thoracic vertebra, situated below the Kidney and anterior to the Large Intestine. It has a lower opening but no upper opening. At the Shuifen (Water Separation) acupoint, one cun above the umbilicus, which serves as the lower opening of the Small Intestine and the upper boundary of the Bladder, fluids separate from the ileum and seep into the Bladder along with Qi movement. Both entry and exit depend on Qi transformation; if the entering Qi fails to transform, water flows into the Large Intestine, causing diarrhea. If the exiting Qi fails to transform, the lower orifices become obstructed, leading to strangury (difficulty in urination) or swelling. This meridian contains abundant blood but scarce Qi.

The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: The Bladder weighs nine liang and two zhu, measures nine cun in length and width, holds nine sheng and nine he of urine, and its opening is two and a half cun wide.

The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian originates at the inner canthus of the eye, ascends to the forehead, and intersects at the vertex. Its branch enters the brain from the vertex, emerges again, descends separately to the nape, follows the shoulder, runs internally alongside the spine, reaches the middle of the waist, enters the sacral region, connects with the Kidney, and belongs to the Bladder. Another branch descends from the waist, flanking the spine, passes through the buttocks, and enters the popliteal fossa. Yet another branch diverges from the medial side of the popliteal fossa, passes laterally through the scapula, flanks the spine, passes medially through the hip joint (bi shu), follows the posterior-lateral aspect of the thigh, converges in the popliteal fossa, descends through the calf muscle, emerges posterior to the lateral malleolus, follows the Jinggu point, and terminates at the lateral side of the little toe.

The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian begins at the inner canthus, ascends to the tip of the forehead. A branch ascends from the vertex to the ear angle; the main trunk hangs down from the back of the head after the vertex, connects with the brain, emerges again, descends separately to the nape, still follows the shoulder blades flanking the spine, reaches the lumbar sacrum, Kidney, and Bladder internally, with one branch connecting downwards to the genital and anal regions. It penetrates the buttocks obliquely into the Weizhong acupoint. Another branch diverges from the medial arm, penetrates the scapula, flanks the spine, passes through the hip joint, converges in the popliteal fossa on the posterior-medial aspect of the leg, descends through the calf muscles and posterior to the malleoli, and reaches the lateral side of the little toe below the Jinggu bone.

[Note] The Foot-Taiyang Meridian originates at the Jingming acupoint at the inner canthus. From Jingming, it travels through Zanzhu and Qucha, ascends to the forehead to intersect at the vertex, enters the Chengguang acupoint, and from Chengguang travels through the Tongtian acupoint. Its branch ascends from the vertex to the upper corner of the ear, intersecting with the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. The main trunk enters the Dazhu acupoint from Tongtian, travels from Dazhu through the Fengmen acupoint on the medial shoulder blade, from Fengmen through the Feishu acupoint, flanks the spine to reach the Jueyinshu acupoint in the waist, and from Jueyinshu travels through Xinshu, Geshu, Ganshu, Danshu, Pishu, Weishu, and Sanjiaoshu, enters the sacral region to connect with the Kidney, travels from Shenshu through Qihais hu, descends from the waist flanking the spine through Dachangshu, travels from Dachangshu through Guanyuanshu, Pangguangshu, Zhonglvs hu, Baihuanshu, and other points, and additionally ascends through Shangliao, Ciliao, Zhongliao, and Xialiao. Its branch ascends again to the medial shoulder blade, travels from Fufen through the Pohu acupoint penetrating the scapula, from Pohu flanks the spine internally through Gaohuang, Shen tang, Yixi, Ge Guan, Hunmen, Yanggang, Yishe, Weicang, Huangmen, Zhishi, Baohuang, and other points, passes through the Zhibian acupoint at the hip joint, from Zhibian follows the posterior-lateral aspect of the thigh through Chengfu, Fupi, and Weiyang, converges downwards into the Weizhong acupoint in the popliteal fossa, travels from Weizhong through Heyang, descends through Chengjin inside the calf, from Chengjin travels through Chengshan, Feiyang, and Fuyang, emerges from Fuyang posterior to the lateral malleolus at the Kunlun acupoint, from Kunlun travels through Buzhen, Shenmai, and Jinmen, follows the Jinggu acupoint (Jinggu of this meridian), from Jinggu travels through Shugu and Tonggu, and terminates at the Zhiyin acupoint on the lateral side of the little toe, thereby intersecting with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian.