古人定病之名,必指其实。后人既曰中风,如何舍风而别治,观仲师侯氏黑散、风引汤
数方自见。余此书原为中人以下立法,只取唐人续命汤一方为主,盖以各家所列风症,头绪
纷繁,议论愈深则愈晦,方法愈多则愈乱,不如只取一方,以驱邪为本,庶法一心纯,不至
多歧反惑。要知此汤长于治外,非风则不可用,是风则无不可用也。至云风为虚邪,治风必
先实窍,此旨甚微,能于侯氏黑散、风引汤二方研究十年,而知其妙处,则可与共学适道矣。
侯氏黑散
治大风四肢烦重,心中恶寒不足者。(《外台》治风癫)《内经》云∶邪害空窍
,此则驱风之中,兼填空窍。空窍满,则内而旧邪不能容,外而新风不复入。
风引汤(俱见《金匮》)除热癫痫(巢氏治香港脚)
大人中风牵引,小儿惊痫螈 ,皆火热生风,五脏亢甚,归迸入心之候,夫厥阴风木,
与少阳相火同居,火发必风生,风生必挟木势而害土,土病则聚液成痰,流注四肢而瘫痪。
此方用大黄为君,以荡涤风火热湿之邪,随用干姜之止而不行者以补之,用桂枝、甘草以缓其
势,又取石药之涩以堵其路,而石药之中,又取滑石、石膏清金以伐其木,赤白石脂浓土以除
其湿,龙骨、牡蛎以敛其精神魂魄之纷驰,用寒水石以助肾之真阴,不为阳光所劫。更用紫
石英以补心神之虚,恐心不明而十二官危也。明此以治入脏之风,游刃有余矣。喻嘉言此解
最妙。
The ancients designated disease names by referring to their substantial nature. Since later generations termed it "Zhong Feng" (Wind Stroke), why abandon the treatment of wind and adopt other therapies? Observing Zhang Zhongjing's Hou Shi Hei San (Black Powder of Hou Shi) and Feng Yin Tang (Wind-Driving Decoction), the rationale becomes clear. This book was originally intended to establish principles for physicians of average or below-average aptitude, taking only one formula from the Tang Dynasty, Xu Ming Tang (Continuing Life Decoction), as the primary basis. This is because the wind syndromes listed by various schools are complex and numerous; the deeper the discussion, the more obscure it becomes, and the more methods there are, the more chaotic it gets. It is better to select a single formula with the expulsion of pathogenic factors as the foundation, so that the therapeutic method remains pure and unified, avoiding confusion caused by divergent approaches. One must understand that this decoction excels in treating external wind; if it is not wind, it should not be used; if it is wind, there is no case where it cannot be used. Regarding the statement that wind is a deficient pathogen and that treating wind requires first solidifying the orifices, this principle is subtle. If one can study the Hou Shi Hei San and Feng Yin Tang for ten years and grasp their essence, then one may learn together and attain the Dao.
Hou Shi Hei San (Black Powder of Hou Shi)
Treats severe wind causing heaviness and discomfort in the four limbs, and a sensation of cold and deficiency in the heart. (From *Waitai Miyao* [Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies], treating wind-dian). The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states: "Pathogens harm the orifices." This formula expels wind while simultaneously filling the orifices. When the orifices are filled, internal old pathogens cannot reside, and external new wind cannot enter.
Feng Yin Tang (Wind-Driving Decoction) (Both formulas appear in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* [Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet])
Treats heat-induced dian-xian (epilepsy/seizures). (Chao Yuanfang treats Hong Kong foot [podagra/gout]).
Adults suffering from Zhong Feng (Wind Stroke) with牵引 (traction/spasms) and children with jing-xian (startle epilepsy) experiencing chuan-rong (convulsions/twitching), all result from fire generating wind. The five zang organs are hyperactive to an extreme, and the pathogenic qi converges into the Heart. Jueyin Wind-Wood and Shaoyang Ministerial Fire coexist; when fire flares, wind arises; when wind arises, it carries the force of Wood to damage Earth (Spleen/Stomach). When Earth is diseased, fluids accumulate to form Phlegm, which flows into the four limbs causing paralysis. This formula uses Da Huang (Rhubarb Rhizome) as the sovereign herb to purge pathogenic factors of wind, heat, fire, and dampness. It is followed by Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), whose stabilizing and non-migratory nature tonifies the body. Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) are used to moderate the pathogenic momentum. Mineral drugs (Stone Medicines) are employed for their astringent properties to block the path of the pathogen. Among these, Hua Shi (Talcum) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) clear Lung Metal to subdue Liver Wood. Chi Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) and Bai Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Album) thicken Earth to eliminate dampness. Long Gu (Fossilized Bones) and Mu Li (Oyster Shell) restrain the chaotic rushing of spirit and soul. Han Shui Shi (Metastone) assists the True Yin of the Kidney, preventing it from being plundered by Yang Fire (Evil Heat). Zi Shi Ying (Fluorite) is added to tonify the deficiency of Heart Spirit, fearing that unclear Heart Spirit would endanger the Twelve Officials. Understanding these principles allows one to treat wind entering the Zang organs with ease and proficiency. Yu Jiayan's interpretation of this is the most exquisite.