中气药，能和气而生血止血也。不然，逐瘀快气之剂，岂能补气益气哉？采得后用秆火烧去毛，入石臼内捣净。
气病略炒，血病酒煮，痰病姜汁煮，下虚盐水煮，血虚有火，童便煮过则凉，积冷醋浸，炒则热，他药亦可以此
类推。忌铁，得乌药良。又与巴豆同炒，治泻泄不止。生用，治大便不通。
藿香
藿香辛温散寒气，霍乱心疼并呕哕，消风水肿辟瘴邪，行气入肺专开胃。
藿，豆叶，叶似藿，或言主疗霍乱，故名。无毒。可升可降，阳也。入手足太阴经。能发汗散寒湿，温中止
霍乱，心腹痛、吐逆最要药也。又消风水毒瓦斯浮肿，辟恶气瘴气，兼止疟进食，治口臭。本芳香开胃助脾之剂，
但入发表散药则快气，入补脾药则益气，入顺气药则理肺滞。水洗去土梗，用叶。
丁香
丁香辛热快脾胃，止呕逆乱泄肺秽，入肾壮阳暖膝腰，风肿牙疳及冷痹。
形似钉，纯阳。无毒。入手太阴、足阳明、少阴经。主温脾胃，快积滞，消 癖，杀酒毒，善止翻胃呕吐，
干湿霍乱，心腹冷痛，泻肺寒咳逆上气、口气，补肾壮阳，治腰疼膝冷，风毒诸肿及齿疳 骨槽。《液》云∶
与五味子、莪术同用，亦治奔豚气，兼疗五痔、五色毒痢、鬼疰蛊毒，乌须杀虫，能发诸香。雄者颗小，煎膏
中用之，去丁盖，免发背痈；雌者颗大，如枣核，谓之母丁香，味佳力大，故《局方》多用之，单方疗妇人阴
冷痛，取雌者为末，缝纱袋中，纳阴内，中病即已。
木香
木香苦辛健脾胃，气积霍乱并疟痢，专宽胸腹散肺痰，消痈治疝行肝气。
气香，形如木，即青木香也。出舶上，气温，无毒。可升可降，阴中阳也。健脾胃，消食积，治一切气
痛，久年冷气 癖 块胀痛，九种心痛，妇人血气刺痛难忍，止翻胃呕逆，霍乱吐泻。得草果、苍术，治温疟、
瘴疟。佐黄连，治赤白痢为最要。专泄肺经气滞痰结，胸腹间壅塞及冷气不能运转，佐以生姜、肉豆蔻，其
效尤速。消痈肿毒及膀胱冷痛、疝气，俱以槟榔为使。丹溪谓∶木香行肝气。苦入心，辛入肺，心肺气调而
肝家郁火自伏，更无攻冲拂逆之患，非肝气之自行也。兼疗淋露羸劣少气，安胎，御雾露，辟疫邪，杀蛊毒。
行药之精，久服强志，不梦寤魇寐。抑论调气者，和气也；泄气者，散气、破气也。易老专言破气，东垣以为
能补能泄，大抵随诸药佐为用。故曰∶以黄连制之，则不过于疏畅；以知、柏制之，则不过于上升。形如枯骨，
油重者良。行气，生磨刺服，不见火。止泻实大肠，用湿纸包，灰火中煨。其有芦头丁盖子色青者，是木香
神也。又有一种西木香，止痢腹痛尤效。
沉香
沉香辛温能暖中，吐泻转筋痛腹胸，消风水肿治冷痹，壮阳散滞一身通。
出海南及交广，细枝紧实未烂者为青桂香；坚黑中实不枯沉水者为沉香；形如鸡骨，中空，半浮半沉与
水面平者为鸡骨香；形如马蹄者为马蹄香；最粗者为栈香；又有削之自卷，咀之柔韧者为黄蜡沉，尤难得，其实
一种，有精粗之异耳。沉香无毒。沉而降，阳也。主暖胃调中，止转筋吐泻，心腹痛，气痢，风水肿毒，冷
风麻痹，骨节不任，湿、风皮肤痒。补右肾命门，壮元阳、暖腰膝，散滞气，保和胃气。用为使，上而至天，
下而至泉，无所不至。兼去恶气，破 癖，补五脏。入汤磨刺，入丸散另研极细。
檀香
檀香辛温升胃气，霍乱腹心痛立去，又行肾邪攻腹心，兼消肿毒并恶疰。
树如檀，生南海，黄、白、紫三种，俱入药。无毒。阳中微阴。入手太阴，足少阴，通行阳明
经，引胃气上升，又能引芳香之物上行至胸膈之上，咽嗌之中，同为理气之剂。主霍乱心腹痛，进食杀虫。治肾
经邪气上攻，心腹疼痛及腰痛。消风热诸疮肿毒，为末，醋和涂之。敷金疮，止血止痛，兼辟中恶鬼气。抑论
诸香动火耗气，非冷气不舒者，不可轻服。脑麝芳窜尤甚，切宜慎之。古人夏月囊香以辟汗气，犹谓能散真
气而开毛孔，况服之不当者钓乎！
胡椒
胡椒辛热去胃寒，消食化痰利膈间，霍乱冷痢腹心痛，壮肾和脏忌多餐，荜澄茄尤温膀肾，本是同根性一般。
出胡地。其味焦辣也，无毒。除脏腑中风冷，去胃寒痰吐水，食已即吐，尤验。消食下气宽胸，止霍乱腹
心冷痛，大肠寒滑寒痢亦用。调五脏，壮肾气，过餐伤肺走气。饮食中用之者，杀一切鱼肉鳖蕈毒。凡使，内
无皱壳者力大，石槽中研末用。荜澄茄，胡语也。向阳者胡椒，向阴者澄茄，治与胡椒一般，尤能助脾胃，温肾
与膀胱冷气，心腹卒痛及染须用之。去柄及皱皮，酒浸蒸半日，细杵。
蜀椒
蜀椒辛热散风寒，齿目肤顽肠 安，咳呕疟疽并 结，壮阳缩便达下关，子名椒目专渗水，秦椒止痛逐风
瘫。
出四川，谓之蜀椒，皮红肉浓里白，气味浓烈；出关陕，谓之秦椒，色黄黑，味短，不及蜀椒。有小毒。
浮也，阳中阳也。能发汗散风寒，除六腑沉寒，伤寒时疫亦用之；治齿痛目翳泪出，骨节皮肤死肌痹痛，腰脚不
遂，肠 下痢水泻；止咳逆咳嗽，呕吐，温疟，黄胆，水肿；破 结宿食，心腹冷痛；壮阳疗阴汗，缩小便，
涩遗精。东垣曰∶川椒达下是也。兼治产后宿血诸疾，下乳汁，杀虫鱼毒，鬼疰蛊毒，乃温脾胃与肾，开腠理，
通关益气，通血之剂也。调食蒸鸡豚，味佳。多服令气乏气喘，十月食椒，损心多忘。丹溪云∶服椒者无不被
其毒，以其久久火自膀胱起也。凡使，去目及闭口者，酒拌湿蒸两时久，取出入瓮阴干，勿令见风，或微炒出
汗，乘热入竹筒中，以杵舂去附红黄壳。杏仁为使。畏款冬花、雄黄、附子、防风。椒目，味苦、辛，有小毒。
主十二水肿，胀满水蛊。利小便及膀胱急，治盗汗。此药止行渗道，不行谷道，所以能下水最速。入药微炒，
不宜久服。椒叶，热，无毒。治奔豚伏梁气及内外肾钓痛，霍乱转筋，和艾及葱捣烂，醋汤拌罨。秦椒，味辛、
苦，生温熟寒，有毒。治与川椒大同，主腹中寒痛，风邪痿痹，喉痹。通妇人月经，利五脏。服食当用蜀椒，
畏恶制法同。
韭菜
韭菜辛温性最急，温中又除胃客热，中风中恶腹心疼，消瘀破积止便血，根同捣汁利膈胸，子主精寒多梦泄。
韭，久也，一种而复生也。味辛带微酸，无毒。温中，除心腹痼冷作痛，又除胃中客热，中风失音，及中恶
腹心急痛如刺，俱捣汁饮之。善消胸膈间瘀血凝滞， 癖冷痛，止尿血泻血及卒下痢。《衍义》云∶春食则香；
夏食则臭，令人乏气；冬食动痰，令人吐水；五月及酒后尤不可食。孔子谓不时不食者，正谓此辈。未出土者
为韭黄，食之滞气。凡好食韭者，多神昏目暗，入药捣汁，冬月用根，捣时臭于葱薤。养生者忌之，又不可与蜜
同食。子，主阳衰精冷，梦泄白浊，暖腰膝，壮阳道。入药微炒。单韭子散∶治梦泄失精。炒为末，酒下二钱，
效。花主动风，根主养发。
白芥菜
白芥菜辛散冷气，子利胸膈止翻胃，痰生膜外面皮黄，肿毒诸痈胆调敷。
芥味辛辣，有刚介之性，青、紫、白三种。白芥甚辛美，气温，无毒。能发汗，散腹中冷气作痛。其子
微炒，研碎入药。利胸膈痰，止翻胃吐食，痰嗽上气，中风不语，面目色黄，安五脏。止夜多小便。丹溪云∶
痰在皮里膜外，非此不能达。又治走注风毒疼痛，如游风肿毒诸痈，为末，猪胆汁调敷，日三易之。兼辟邪魅、
射工、鬼疰，气发无常，扑损瘀血。紫芥，作 食之甚美，入药不及白者力大。青芥极辣，通鼻，温中，除肾
寒邪气，心痛，腰痛，风痹，利九窍，三芥子，叶大同，多食俱动风气，有便血痔疾者忌之。
莱菔
莱菔辛甘气亦平，温中消食去痰凝，汁润肺消并咳血，下气多餐反涩荣，子吐风痰宽喘胀，倒壁推墙不顺
情。
性能制来 面毒，故名。俗云温菘，又云萝卜，无毒。大者肉坚，蒸食煮食，能消谷，去胸膈痰凝气滞；小
者白脆，生啖或捣汁饮之，止消渴，宽中甚验。又治肺痿吐血，咳嗽劳瘦，和羊肉、鲫鱼煮食之妙。总为调脾
润肺之剂，故丹溪云∶属土而有金与水。本草虽言下气最速，但熟食则辛散味去而甘缓独存，反滞膈停饮，涩
荣卫，令人发白早。子，吐风痰，治喘嗽膨胀， 瘕积聚，黄胆；利五脏及大小二便，有推墙倒壁之功；兼治
头痛，明目去风。孕妇水道不通，单为末，灯心汤下。诸痈醋研涂之。入丸散略炒研用。芜菁，即萝卜苗也。
和油敷蜘蛛咬，恐毒入内，为末酒下，又治犬咬。一方乳痈初肿，疼痛作寒热，取根叶入盐少许捣敷，觉热易
之。花阴干为末，空心水调服，治虚眼暗，久服长生，可夜读书。
艾叶
艾叶苦温最热中，霍乱腹心痛有功，杀虫调血和肝气，崩漏安胎暖子宫，生汁止痢并吐衄，实主壮阳明目
瞳。
艾灸百病，有惩创意，令人痛切自治。干熟者性温，无毒。辟外感风寒，温胃，止霍乱转筋，心腹痛，杀
蛔虫，熏痔 ，利肝滞冷气作痛，调和血脉。治妇人崩漏带下，安胎倒产，子死腹中，产后泻血不止，暖子宫，
令人有子。生捣汁，性寒有毒。治赤白痢、吐血、衄血、泻血及心腹恶气刺痛、毒发热气上冲发狂，或有疮出
血者，端午日日未出时不语采，日干，陈久良者。《衍义》用艾捣筛去青渣，取白，入硫黄相和为炷，灸穴。
实，主壮阳，助水脏，暖腰膝及子宫，明目，兼疗一切鬼邪毒瓦斯。治火眼，用艾烧令烟起，以碗盖之，候烟上
碗成煤，取下用水调化，洗或点，更入黄连尤妙。
槟榔
槟榔辛苦善调中，下气坠药杀三虫，消谷逐水除痰癖，疟痢香港脚与诸风。
槟榔，男子之称，故向阳者为槟榔，向阴者为大腹子。无毒。降也，阴也。又云阴中阳也。调中健脾，散
滞气，泻胸中至高之气，止呕吐醋心，逐出寸白虫，消谷逐水，除痰癖，祛瘴疟。治痢里急后重如神，香港脚冲
心。治诸风、诸积、诸气。以其性沉，有若铁石之重，故能坠降诸药下行。闽广多服之者，盖以地暖郁蒸气多，
居民藏之，气亦上盛，故服此以降之耳。槟榔，白者味辛，多散气；赤者味苦、涩，杀虫。生时甚大易烂，用
灰汁煮熟焙干，始堪停久。尖长有紫纹者名槟，力小；圆而矮者名榔，力大。今不复分，但取鸡心正稳、中实
如锦纹者佳。刀刮去底，细切。急治生用，经火则无力；缓治略炒，或醋煮过。
常山
常山辛苦除寒热，逐水消痰疟可截，善治腹块并项瘿，老弱虚人忌入舌，蜀漆即是常山苗，性同更医逆
气结。
生常山道中，微寒，有毒。主伤寒、温疟寒热，破胸腹停水水胀，胸中痰结吐逆，凡疟皆痰与水为之，故
截疟必用此吐痰去水。又治疟母及腹中积聚邪气，痞结坚 ，鬼毒蛊疰，项下瘿瘤鼠 。丹溪云∶性暴悍，善驱
逐伤气。老弱虚人及久病忌之。凡使，细实色黄形如鸡骨者佳。生用令人大吐，酒浸一日，蒸熟或炒，或醋浸
煮熟，则善化痞而不吐，畏玉札，忌菘菜、葱。蜀漆，生蜀中，采时茎内有汁如漆，纯阳有毒。吐疟破 疗鬼疰，
与常山一同，更治咳逆
气结。入药用甘草水蒸二次，晒干。栝蒌、桔梗为使，恶贯众。
草果
草果辛温温脾胃，消痰止呕吐酸味，益气又能消气膨，疟母果积真难费。
东垣云∶草果仁温脾胃而止呕吐，治脾寒湿寒痰之剂也。益真气，又消一切冷气膨胀，化疟母，消宿食。
解酒毒果积，乃其主也。兼辟瘴解瘟。去内外壳取仁，或用面裹煨熟。
玄胡索
玄胡索味苦辛温，理气腹心腰痛尊，活血调经淋露止，破血专救产余昏。
生胡国。玄，言其色；索，言其苗交纽也。无毒。可升可降，阴中阳也。入手足太阴、足厥阴经。善理气
痛及膜外气块，止心气痛及小肠、肾气、腰暴痛，活精血，调妇人月经，腹中结块，崩中淋露，又破血及堕落
车马疼痛不止。酒磨或煮服，醋煮亦好。
五灵脂
五灵（脂）甘温治气刺，止血又能行血脉，善治产后血昏迷，肠风冷痹及疳疫。
色含五彩而有灵，即寒号虫屎也。无毒。主行诸气，心腹刺痛。炒熟止崩漏，生用利气脉，通经闭，行瘀
血，善救产后血晕，又治肠风及风次气血闭，遍身疼痛冷麻，小儿五疳积聚，兼辟疫，除目翳，治吐逆连日不
止，妇人小儿方多用之。入肝甚速。出北地，色黑如铁，生用者酒研飞炼去砂石。熟用者飞后炒令烟起，另研。
郁金
郁金辛苦寒无毒，冷气胀痛醋磨服，凉心止血破血凝，金疮用之即生肉。
郁金亦不甚香，但其气轻扬，能致达酒气于高远以降神也。正如龙涎无香，能散诸香之气耳。古人用以治
郁。金，言其色也。纯阳。主下气宽中，心腹冷气结聚胀痛，温醋磨服之。凉心止血，破恶血血积，血淋尿血、
诸失血亦用之。疗金疮，生肌甚速，兼治马热病，女人小儿方多用之。出蜀地。色赤似姜黄，中空如蝉肚者佳。
水洗焙，或醋煮。
姜黄
姜黄气烈似郁金，治冷气胀痛腹心，破血积能通经水，退风热消痈肿深。
Zhongqi Yao (Qi-Regulating Medicines) harmonizes Qi and promotes blood generation and hemostasis. Otherwise, how could agents that expel stasis and move Qi achieve the effect of tonifying and benefiting Qi? After harvesting, they should be roasted with stalks to remove hairs, then pounded clean in a stone mortar.
For Qi disorders, stir-fry slightly; for Blood disorders, decoct in wine; for Phlegm disorders, decoct in ginger juice; for deficiency-cold in the lower Jiao, decoct in salt water; for Blood deficiency with Fire, decoct in child's urine to cool it; for accumulated cold, soak in vinegar; stir-frying makes it hot. Other medicines can be inferred by analogy. Avoid iron; pairs well with Wuyao (Linderae Radix). Stir-fried together with Badou (Crotonis Fructus), it treats persistent diarrhea. Raw use treats constipation.
Huoxiang (Agastache Herba)
Huoxiang is acrid and warm, disperses cold Qi, treats Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), heart pain, vomiting and hiccups; eliminates Fengshui edema, wards off miasma pathogens; moves Qi into the Lung, specializes in opening the stomach.
"Huo" refers to soybean leaves; leaves resemble Huo. Some say it treats Huoluan, hence the name. Non-toxic. Properties ascend and descend, belongs to Yang. Enters the Hand and Foot Taiyin meridians. Can induce sweating and disperse cold-dampness, warms the middle to stop Huoluan, is an essential herb for heart/abdominal pain, vomiting and regurgitation. Also eliminates wind-water toxic vapors causing edema, wards off evil qi and miasma, treats malaria and promotes appetite, treats bad breath. This is an aromatic herb to open the stomach and assist the Spleen. When added to exterior-releasing formulas, it moves Qi rapidly; when added to Spleen-tonifying formulas, it benefits Qi; when added to Qi-regulating formulas, it resolves Lung stagnation. Wash to remove soil and stems, use only leaves.
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos)
Dingxiang is acrid and hot, quickens the Stomach and Spleen, stops vomiting and chaotic diarrhea, clears Lung turbidity; enters the Kidney to strengthen Yang and warm knees/waist; treats wind swelling, dental caries, and cold bi-syndrome.
Shape resembles a nail, pure Yang nature. Non-toxic. Enters the Hand Taiyin, Foot Yangming, and Foot Shaoyin meridians. Mainly warms the Stomach and Spleen, removes stagnation, eliminates mass, kills alcohol toxicity, excellently treats fanwei (regurgitation/vomiting), gan/huoluan (dry/wet cholera), cold pain in heart/abdomen; clears Lung cold causing cough/reverse flow of Qi and bad breath; tonifies Kidney and strengthens Yang, treats waist/knee cold pain; treats various wind-toxic swellings and dental/carious bone abscesses. *Ye* states: Used with Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) and Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), it also treats Ben tun (running piglet Qi), treats five hemorrhoids, five-colored dysentery, Gui zhu/Gudu toxins, blackens hair, kills parasites, and activates other aromatics. Male Dingxiang grains are small, used in pastes; remove the cap to prevent back carbuncles. Female Dingxiang grains are large, like date pits, called Mother Dingxiang, have better taste and stronger power, so *Ju Fang* uses them often. Single prescriptions treat female genital cold pain: take female Dingxiang powder, sew in a gauze bag, insert into vagina, stop when cured.
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix)
Muxiang is bitter and acrid, strengthens Stomach/Spleen, treats Qi accumulation, Huoluan, malaria/dysentery; specifically widens chest/abdomen, dissipates Lung Phlegm; eliminates abscesses, treats hernia, moves Liver Qi.
Aromatic smell, wood-like shape, i.e., Qingmuxiang. Imported from overseas, warm temperature, non-toxic. Ascends and descends, Yin within Yang. Strengthens Stomach/Spleen, eliminates food stagnation, treats all Qi pains, chronic cold Qi masses/pain/bloating, nine types of heart pain, unbearable blood-Qi stabbing pain in women, stops fanwei/vomiting, Huoluan vomiting/diarrhea. With Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus) and Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), treats warm malaria/miasma malaria. Assisted by Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), it is most important for red/white dysentery. Specifically drains Lung meridian Qi stagnation and Phlegm knots, chest/abdominal congestion and cold Qi inability to circulate; assisted by Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), efficacy is especially fast. Eliminates abscess/toxins and bladder cold pain/hernia, always using Binglang (Arecae Semen) as guiding drug. Danxi said: Muxiang moves Liver Qi. Bitter enters Heart, Acrid enters Lung; Heart/Lung Qi harmonized, Liver fire naturally subdues, avoiding attacking/rebellious issues; it does not move Liver Qi directly. Also treats lin/weakness/lack of Qi, calms fetus, resists fog/dew, wards off epidemic pathogens, kills Gu toxin. As the essence of moving drugs, long-term use strengthens will, prevents nightmares. Discussion on regulating Qi: Harmonizing Qi is regulating Qi; Draining Qi is scattering/breaking Qi. Yilao spoke only of breaking Qi; Dongyuan thought it could tonify and drain. Generally, it acts according to accompanying herbs. Thus: Controlled by Huanglian, it is not too dispersing; controlled by Zhimu/Phellodendri Cortex, it is not too ascending. Shape like dry bone, oily/heavy ones are good. For moving Qi, grind raw and swallow, do not cook. To stop diarrhea and solidify Large Intestine, wrap in wet paper, roast in ash fire. Those with rhizome head, nail cover, and green color are "Muxiang Shen". Another type, Western Muxiang, is especially effective for stopping dysentery and abdominal pain.
Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum)
Chenxiang is acrid and warm, warms the middle, treats vomiting/diarrhea/cramps/chest-abdominal pain; eliminates wind-water edema, treats cold bi; strengthens Yang, dissipates stagnation, unblocks the whole body.
From Hainan/Jiaoguang. Fine branches tight/solid not rotten are Qingguixiang; hard/black/solid sinking in water is Chenxiang; chicken-bone shaped, hollow, half-floating/half-sinking is Jigu Xiang; horse-hoof shaped is Matixiang; thickest is Zhanxiang; shaved self-curving, chewable/tough is Huanglachen, rarest, actually same species, just refined/coarse difference. Chenxiang non-toxic. Sinks and descends, Yang nature. Mainly warms Stomach, regulates middle, stops cramps/vomiting/diarrhea, heart/abdominal pain, Qi dysentery, wind-water edema/toxin, cold-wind numbness, joint weakness, wind-damp skin itching. Tonifies Right Kidney/Mingmen, strengthens Yuan Yang, warms waist/knees, dissipates stagnant Qi, protects Stomach Qi. As a guiding drug, reaches heaven above, spring below, nowhere it cannot reach. Also removes evil Qi, breaks masses, tonifies Five Zang. Decocted: grind and take; Pills/Powders: grind separately extremely fine.
Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum)
Tanxiang is acrid and warm, raises Stomach Qi, immediately removes Huoluan/heart-abdominal pain; also moves Kidney pathogen, attacks chest/abdomen; reduces swelling/toxin and evil Zhu.
Tree like sandalwood, grows in South Sea, yellow/white/purple three types, all enter medicine. Non-toxic. Yang with slight Yin. Enters Hand Taiyin, Foot Shaoyin, passes through Foot Yangming meridians, guides Stomach Qi upward, also guides aromatic substances upward to chest/diaphragm, throat, both are Qi-regulating agents. Mainly treats Huoluan/heart-abdominal pain, promotes digestion/kills parasites. Treats Kidney meridian pathogen attacking upward, heart/abdominal pain and waist pain. Eliminates wind-heat sores/swelling/toxins, powder mixed with vinegar applied externally. Applied to metal wounds, stops bleeding/pain, wards off Zhong'e ghost Qi. Discussion: All aromatics move Fire and consume Qi; those without cold Qi discomfort should not lightly take them. Nao/Mos (Camphor/Musk) are especially pungent penetrating, must be cautious. Ancients wore sachets in summer to ward off sweat odor, yet still said it scatters True Qi and opens pores, let alone improper ingestion!
Hujiao (Piperis Fructus)
Hujiao is acrid and hot, removes Stomach cold, digests food/resolves Phlegm, benefits Diaphragm; treats Huoluan/cold dysentery/abdominal pain; strengthens Kidney/harmonizes Zang, avoid excessive intake; Bichengqie especially warms Bladder/Kidney, same root same nature.
From Hu lands. Taste scorched/spicy, non-toxic. Removes Wind-Cold in Zang-Fu, removes Stomach cold-phlegm/vomit water, vomiting immediately after eating, especially effective. Digests food, directs Qi downward, widens chest, stops Huoluan/abdominal cold pain, also uses for Large Intestine cold slip/cold dysentery. Harmonizes Five Zang, strengthens Kidney Qi, overeating injures Lung/scatters Qi. In diet, kills all fish/meat/mushroom toxins. Use those without wrinkled shell for strong power, grind in stone mortar. Bichengqie is Hu language. Facing sun is Hujiao, facing shade is Chengqie, treatment same as Hujiao, especially assists Spleen/Stomach, warms Kidney/Bladder cold Qi, sudden heart/abdominal pain, used for dyeing hair. Remove stem/wrinkled skin, soak in wine, steam half day, pound finely.
Shujiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium)
Shujiao is acrid and hot, disperses Wind-Cold, teeth/eyes/skin stiffness/intestine peace, cough/vomiting/malaria/abscess/knotting, strengthens Yang/shrinks urination reaches Lower Guan; seed named Jiaomu specifically drains water, Qinjiao stops pain/drives wind paralysis.
From Sichuan, called Shujiao, red skin thick flesh white inside, strong aroma; from Guan/Shan, called Qinjiao, yellow-black color, short taste, inferior to Shujiao. Slightly toxic. Floats, Yang within Yang. Induces sweating/disperses Wind-Cold, removes six Fu deep cold, also uses for Shanghan/epidemic; treats tooth pain/cataract/tearing, bone/joint/skin dead muscle bi-pain, waist/legs immobility, intestinal rumbling/dysentery/water diarrhea; stops cough/reverse flow, vomiting, warm malaria, jaundice, edema; breaks knotting/stale food, heart/abdominal cold pain; strengthens Yang treats Yin sweat, shrinks urination, astringes spermatorrhea. Dongyuan said: Chuanjiao reaches down is correct. Also treats postpartum stale blood diseases, promotes lactation, kills parasite/fish toxin, Gui zhu/Gudu toxins, is warming Spleen/Stomach/Kidney, opening Cou Li, clearing passages benefiting Qi, promoting blood agent. Season steamed chicken/pork, tastes good. Overeating causes Qi deficiency/shortness of breath, October eating pepper damages Heart/causes forgetfulness. Danxi said: Those taking pepper are inevitably poisoned by it, because fire rises from Bladder over time. Use: remove eyes and closed-mouth ones, mix with wine, steam wet for two hours, take out, dry in jar away from wind, or stir-fry until sweating, put hot in bamboo tube, pound off red/yellow shells. Xingren as guide. Feared: Kua Donghua, Xionghuang, Fuzi, Fangfeng. Jiaomu, bitter/acrid, slightly toxic. Mainly treats twelve edemas, bloating/water Gu. Promotes urination/Bladder urgency, treats night sweats. This drug only moves渗道 (draining pathways), not Gudao (grain pathway), so drains water fastest. Medicine: stir-fry slightly, not for long-term use. Pepper leaf, hot, non-toxic. Treats Ben tun/Fuliang Qi and internal/external kidney hook pain, Huoluan cramps, mix with Aiye/Scallion, pound paste, apply with vinegar soup. Qinjiao, acrid/bitter, raw warm cooked cold, toxic. Treatment same as Chuanjiao, mainly treats abdominal cold pain, wind-pathogen flaccidity-bi, throat obstruction. Regulates women's menstruation, benefits Five Zang. For food use, use Shujiao, feared/incompatible methods same.
Jiucai (Allii Tuberosi Herba)
Jiucai is acrid and warm, nature most urgent, warms middle/removes Stomach guest heat, Wind-stroke/Zhong'e heart-abdominal pain, eliminates stasis/breaks accumulation stops hematochezia; root pounded juice benefits Diaphragm/chest, seed treats Jing cold/dream emission.
Jiu means long-lasting, replanted and regenerates. Taste acrid with slight sour, non-toxic. Warms middle, removes heart/abdominal chronic cold pain, removes Stomach guest heat, Wind-stroke aphasia, Zhong'e heart-abdominal stabbing pain, all drink pounded juice. Excellent at eliminating chest/diaphragm blood stasis stagnation, Pi cold pain, stops hematuria/hematochezia and sudden dysentery. *Yanyi* says: Spring eat fragrant; Summer eat foul, causes Qi fatigue; Winter eat moves Phlegm, causes vomiting water; May and after alcohol especially forbidden. Confucius said "eat not out of season," precisely referring to these. Unsprouted is Jiu Huang, eating causes Qi stagnation. Those who love eating Jiucai often have mental confusion/blind eyes, medicine uses pounded juice, winter uses root, smells worse than Cong/Xie when pounded. Health preservers avoid it, also cannot eat with honey. Seed: treats Yang deficiency/Jing cold, dream emission/white turbidity, warms waist/knees, strengthens Yang Dao. Medicine: stir-fry slightly. Single Jiuzi San: treats dream emission/semen loss. Powdered, taken with wine 2 qian, effective. Flower moves Wind, root nourishes hair.
Baijie Cai (Sinapis Albae Semen)
Baijie Cai is acrid, disperses cold Qi, seed benefits chest/diaphragm stops fanwei, Phlegm generates outside membrane skin yellow, swelling/toxin/abscess bile paste application.
Mustard taste spicy, has rigid nature, green/purple/white three types. Baijie very spicy/beautiful, warm temp, non-toxic. Induces sweating, disperses abdominal cold Qi pain. Seed stir-fried slightly, ground for medicine. Benefits chest/diaphragm Phlegm, stops fanwei/vomiting, Phlegm cough/reverse flow, Wind-stroke aphasia, yellow face/eyes, calms Five Zang. Stops frequent nocturnal urination. Danxi said: Phlegm in skin/membrane exterior, only this can reach. Also treats wandering wind-toxic pain, like migratory wind swelling/toxin/abscess, powder mixed with pig bile applied, change 3 times daily. Also wards off evil spirits/She Gong/Gui Zhu, erratic Qi onset, trauma blood stasis. Zi Jie delicious as vegetable, medicine potency less than Bai. Qing Jie extremely spicy, opens nose, warms middle, removes Kidney cold pathogen, heart pain, waist pain, wind-bi, benefits nine orifices, three mustard seeds/leaves similar, overeating moves Wind Qi, those with hematochezia/hemorrhoids avoid.
Laifu (Raphani Semen)
Laifu is acrid/sweet/Qi neutral, warms middle/digests food/removes Phlegm stagnation, juice moistens Lung/eliminates/coughs blood, directs Qi downward overeating reverses to astringes Ying, seed vomits wind-phlegm relieves asthma/distension, pushes walls overturns walls contrary temperament.
Nature controls Lai/Mian (wheat/barley) toxicity, hence name. Commonly Wen Song, also Luobo, non-toxic. Large ones firm meat, steamed/boiled, digests grain, removes chest/diaphragm Phlegm stagnation/Qi blockage; small ones white/crisp, raw eaten or juice drunk, stops thirst, widens middle very effective. Also treats Fei Wei hematemesis, cough/emaciation, boiled with mutton/green carp excellent. Overall Spleen-Lung harmonizing agent, so Danxi said: Belongs to Earth with Metal/Water. Materia Medica says directs Qi fastest, but cooked food loses acrid dispersion, sweet calm remains,反而 stagnates diaphragm/stops fluid, astringes Ying/Wei, causes premature white hair. Seed: vomits wind-phlegm, treats asthma/bloating, masses/accumulation, jaundice; benefits Five Zang/urine/feces, has wall-pushing power; also treats headache, brightens eyes/removes wind. Pregnant women urinary obstruction, single powder, Deng Xin Tang wash. Abscesses: vinegar grind apply. Pills/powders: stir-fry slightly grind. Wujing is radish sprout. Mix oil apply spider bite, fear poison entering, powder wine wash, also treats dog bite. One prescription mastitis early swelling/pain/chills-fever, take root/leaf add little salt pound apply, feel hot change it. Flowers dried powder, empty stomach water mix, treats deficient eye darkness, long-term use longevity, can read at night.
Ai Ye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium)
Ai Ye is bitter/warm hottest in middle, Huoluan/heart-abdominal pain merit, kills parasites/harmonizes blood/harmonizes Liver Qi, Beng Lou/calms fetus/warms uterus; raw juice stops dysentery/vomiting/epistaxis, fruit mainly strengthens Yang/brightens pupil.
Moxibustion treats hundred diseases, punitive creativity, makes people painful self-treatment. Dried/ripe nature warm, non-toxic. Ward external Wind-Cold, warm Stomach, stop Huoluan cramps, heart/abdominal pain, kill roundworms, fumigate hemorrhoids, benefit Liver stagnant cold Qi pain, harmonize blood vessels. Treats women Beng Lou/leukorrhea, calms fetus/malpresentation, fetal death in womb, postpartum bleeding continuous, warms uterus, enables conception. Raw pounded juice, nature cold toxic. Treats red/white dysentery, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, heart/abdominal evil Qi stabbing pain, toxic fever Qi rushing up mania, or sores bleeding, collected silently before sunrise on Dragon Boat Festival, sun-dried, aged good. *Yanyi* uses Ai pounded/sifted remove green dregs, take white, mix with sulfur for moxa cone, moxa acupoints. Fruit: mainly strengthens Yang, assists Water Zang, warms waist/knees/uterus, brightens eyes, treats all ghost/pathogen toxins. Treats fire eyes: burn Ai until smoke rises, cover with bowl, wait smoke forms coal on bowl, take down, mix with water, wash/drop, add Huanglian especially good.
Binglang (Arecae Semen)
Binglang is bitter/acrid good at regulating middle, directs Qi downward drops drugs kills three parasites, digests grain/drains water removes Phlegm-Pi, malaria/dysentery Hong Kong foot and all winds.
Binglang, name of man, so facing sun is Binglang, facing shade is Dafuzi. Non-toxic. Descends, Yin. Also said Yin within Yang. Regulates middle/strengthens Spleen, dissipates stagnant Qi, drains highest Qi in chest, stops vomiting/acid regurgitation, drives out Taenia solium, digests grain/drains water, removes Phlegm-Pi, dispels malarial pestilence. Treats dysentery tenesmus like magic, Hong Kong foot rushing to heart. Treats all winds/all accumulations/all Qi. Because nature sinks, heavy as iron/stone, thus can drop all drugs downward. Min/Guang many take it, because earth warm/stagnant vapor many, residents store it, Qi also upper abundant, thus take this to drop it. Binglang, white taste acrid, mostly scatters Qi; red taste bitter/astringent, kills parasites. Raw very large easy to rot, use ash juice boil cook bake dry, then can store long. Pointed long purple stripe named Bing, power small; round short named Lang, power large. Now no longer distinguish, just take chicken-heart steady, center solid like brocade pattern good. Knife scrape bottom, slice thin. Urgent treatment raw use, cooked then powerless; slow treatment stir-fry slightly, or vinegar boil.
Changshan (Dichroae Radix)
Changshan is bitter/acrid removes chills/fever, drains water/eliminates Phlegm malaria can be cut, excellently treats abdominal mass and neck goiter, old/weak/deficient people avoid entering tongue, Shuqi is Changshan seedling, nature same more treats reverse Qi knot.
Grows Changshan roads, slightly cold, toxic. Mainly Shanghan/warm malaria chills/fever, breaks chest/abdominal stagnant water/bloating, chest Phlegm knot vomiting, all malaria caused by Phlegm/Water, thus cutting malaria must use this to vomit Phlegm/drains Water. Also treats Malaria Mother and abdominal accumulation pathogen,痞结 hard, ghost toxin/Gu Zhu, neck goiter/rat tumor. Danxi said: Nature violent fierce, good at driving away injuring Qi. Old/weak/deficient and chronic illness avoid it. Use: fine solid yellow chicken-bone shape good. Raw causes big vomiting, wine soak one day, steam cook or fry, or vinegar soak boil cook, then good at transforming痞 not vomiting, fears Yuzha, avoids Song Cai/Cong. Shuqi, grows in Shu, harvest stem inner juice like lacquer, pure Yang toxic. Vomits malaria breaks sores ghost Zhu, same as Changshan, more treats cough/reverse Qi knot. Medicine use Gancao water steam twice, sun dry. Gualou/Jiegeng as guide, hates Guanzhong.
Caoguo (Tsaokao Fructus)
Caoguo is acrid/warm warms Stomach/Spleen, eliminates Phlegm stops vomiting acid taste, benefits Qi also eliminates Qi bloating, Malaria Mother fruit accumulation truly difficult expense.
Dongyuan said: Caoguo Ren warms Stomach/Spleen stops vomiting, treats Spleen cold damp-cold Phlegm agent. Benefits True Qi, also eliminates all cold Qi bloating, transforms Malaria Mother, digests stale food. Resolves alcohol toxicity/fruit accumulation, is its main role. Also wards off miasma/resolves plague. Remove inner/outer shell take Ren, or wrap in flour roast ripe.
Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma)
Yanhusuo taste bitter/acrid warm, regulates Qi heart/abdomen/waist pain respected, invigorates blood regulates menstruation lin stops, breaks blood specially saves postpartum residual coma.
Grows Hu country. Xuan means color; Suo means seedlings intertwine. Non-toxic. Ascends/descends, Yin within Yang. Enters Hand/Foot Taiyin, Foot Jueyin meridians. Good at regulating Qi pain and membrane exterior Qi mass, stops Heart Qi pain and Small Intestine/Kidney Qi sudden waist pain, activates Jing/Blood, regulates women menstruation, abdominal mass, Beng Zhong lin, also breaks blood and fall/carriage pain continuous. Wine grind or decoct take, vinegar decoct also good.
Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Faex)
Wulingzhi (Fat) sweet/warm treats Qi stabbing, stops bleeding also moves blood vessels, excellently treats postpartum blood coma, Changfeng cold bi and Gan epidemic.
Color contains five colors and spiritual, i.e., Hanhaochong feces. Non-toxic. Mainly moves all Qi, heart/abdominal stabbing pain. Cooked stops Beng Lou, raw benefits Qi vessels, opens amenorrhea, moves blood stasis, excellently saves postpartum blood fainting, also treats Changfeng and wind secondary blood Qi closure, whole body pain cold numbness, children five Gan accumulation, also wards off epidemic, removes cataracts, treats vomiting reverse continuous days, women/children formulas often use. Enters Liver very fast. From North land, black like iron, raw use wine grind fly refine remove sand/stone. Cooked use fly then fry until smoke rises, grind separately.
Yujin (Curcumae Radix)
Yujin bitter/acrid cold non-toxic, cold Qi bloating vinegar grind take, cools Heart stops bleeding breaks blood clot, metal wound use it immediately grows flesh.
Yujin not very fragrant, but Qi light rising, can reach wine Qi high far to descend spirit. Just like Longxian no fragrance, can scatter other aromatics' Qi. Ancients used to treat Yu. Jin means color. Pure Yang. Mainly directs Qi downward widens middle, heart/abdomen cold Qi knotting bloating, warm vinegar grind take. Cools Heart stops bleeding, breaks evil blood/blood accumulation, blood lin/urinary blood/various blood loss also use. Treats metal wounds, grows flesh very fast, also treats horse fever disease, women/children formulas often use. From Shu land. Red color like Jianghuang, hollow like cicada belly good. Wash water bake, or vinegar boil.
Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma)
Jianghuang Qi strong like Yujin, treats cold Qi bloating heart/abdomen, breaks blood accumulation can regulate menstruation, retreats wind-heat eliminates abscess swelling deep.