霜。另用无灰酒入罐内，再煎成胶，阴干，或炒成珠，或酒化服，或入补药为丸服，功同麋角。得火良，畏大黄。
有入药及黄蜡同煎者，非古法也。
蒲黄
蒲黄无毒味甘平，止血用熟行用生，心腹膀胱寒热去，涩肠止泻又止精。
产于香蒲之上而色黄，即花中涩屑也。隔纸炒黄，蒸半日，焙干。熟用补血、止血，治女子崩中带下不止，
止痢血、衄血、尿血、肠风下血，坠胎血晕，产后诸血病。兼治脱肛，涩肠止泻，止遗精。生用破血消肿，去
心腹膀胱热，利小水，通经脉，破瘀血，妇人月候不匀，血气心腹痛，血 儿枕急痛。又治打扑血闷，排脓疮
疖，游风肿毒，敷重舌舌上生疮及阴下湿痒，产后妒乳、痈肿，又用蜜调，作饼食之，解心脏虚热，甚益小儿。
多食令自利虚人。
香蒲，即蒲黄苗。主五脏心下邪气，口中烂臭，坚齿明目，聪耳轻身。
柏实
柏实甘辛平润心，滋肾兴阳腰痛深，利膀胱中冷脓水，安脏除风湿痹侵，叶苦涩温止诸血，益脾敛肺补
真阴。
万木向阳，惟柏西向，故字从白，禀金之正气，木之最坚者也。无毒。主养心神，润心血，止汗定惊。
又滋肾水，兴阳道，疗虚损、历节、腰中重痛、腰肾中冷脓宿水。兼安五脏，益气血，除风湿痹，去头风，治
百邪鬼魅，小儿惊痫。久服令人肌润聪明，不饥，延年。干州者佳。去壳取佳，微炒去油。牡蛎、肉桂为使。
畏菊花、羊蹄、诸石、面曲。侧柏叶，无毒。主吐血、衄血、血痢、崩中赤白、尿血及七情呕血、胸中疼痛、冷
风历节疼痛、大风眉发脱落。久服去湿痹，耐寒暑，止饥，益气轻身。丹溪云∶性善守多燥，大益脾土，涩肺
补阴之要药也。又止小儿泄痢，杀五脏虫。为末和油涂头，生发。炙热 冻疮，鼠 ，肿核。凡采叶随月建方，
以取得月令之气也。去梗，糯米泔浸七日，
炒。坟墓上者不可用。柏白皮，主中热，油及火灼烂疮，长毛发。为末，猪脂煎涂。柏枝节煮以酿酒，治风痹，
历节风，烧汁涂 疥癞疮。
槐实
槐实苦酸咸气寒，湿热肠风痔痢宽，疏五内邪清头目，疝痛阴疮胎产难，皮主牙疳根喉痹，枝治风痿崩带安。
槐木，虚星之精，叶大则黑，昼合夜开，故从鬼。又名守宫实，即荚中子，大如豆，坚而色紫，俗名槐角。
无毒。主湿热肠风下痢、五痔，疏导五内邪气，风热烦闷。兼明目，除热泪，头脑风眩，心头吐涎如醉，漾漾如
立舟车上者。又治疝痛及男妇阴疮湿痒，妇人乳瘕，子脏急痛，堕胎催生，吞七粒即效。本草云∶补绝伤益气，
亦治中带补之剂也。微炒用。槐白皮，味苦。主口齿风疳 血，浆水煎含之。阴疝、卵肿、气瘤及痔有虫，或
下脓血，煎汤淋洗槐根皮，平。主喉痹寒热，中风强直，皮肤不仁。煎汤洗五痔并一切恶疮，妇人产门痒痛及
汤火疮。煎膏，消痈肿，止痛长肉。槐枝，煮汁酿酒疗大风、痿痹甚效。崩中，带下赤白，烧灰，酒调服。九
种心痛，水煎服。又煎汤洗疮及阴囊下湿痒。 炭揩齿，去虫，烧沥涂癣，和麻油磨浓点赤眼。与槐叶平，煎
汤，治小儿惊痫壮热，疥癣疔肿，鼻气窒塞。
槐花
槐花苦平清肺汤，肠风痔痢最为良，心痛眼赤俱炒用，杀腹虫治皮肤疮，胶化风涎治口噤，四肢顽痹与破
伤。
槐花，又名槐鹅。无毒。阴也。润肺脏，凉大肠。治风肠下血，五痔便血，血痢，甚佳，不可过剂。又治
心痛、眼赤，杀腹脏虫，治皮肤风热，微炒用。槐胶，主一切风，化涎。治肝脏风、筋脉抽掣及急风口噤，或
四肢不收、顽痹，或毒风周身如虫行，或破伤风、口眼偏斜、腰背强硬。任作汤、散、丸、煎，杂诸药用之，
亦可水煮和药为丸。槐树上菌，又名槐耳。无毒。主五痔脱肛下血，心痛，妇人阴中疮痛。
桃仁
桃仁无毒苦甘平，破血通肠利月经，兼除咳逆心胸满，疝瘕腰痛杀虫精，花悦颜色医淋肿，奴散气血肺心
清。
桃者，逃也，能令鬼邪逃循，五木之精也。无毒。沉而降，阴也。入手、足厥阴经。主瘀血、血闭、血结、
血热、血证、血瘕及卒暴击血、心痛、骨蒸、偏风、半身不遂，润大肠，通月水。兼主上气咳嗽、喘急、胸膈
痞满，止疝痛、腰疼，杀虫及尸疰邪祟。又小儿 卵、妇人阴痒，捣泥敷之。心云∶苦以泻滞血，甘以生新血。
血结实者可用，血燥虚者慎之。凡使，汤泡去皮尖，炒赤，研如泥用。桃花，除百病，悦颜色。治水种、石淋，
利大小便。三月采，阴干，千叶者不用。桃奴，即干实着树上经冬不落者。微温。治伏梁气在心下结聚不散。
烧灰存性，治肺气吐血，诸药不止及胎下血不止。正月采，酒拌蒸软，铜刀切取肉，焙干用。茎白皮，除中恶
腹痛，去胃中热。桃枝，戊子日取作枕，补心虚健忘、耳目聪明。煎膏涂口疮及下部 疮，煎汤洗天行疫疠。
桃叶，出疮中虫，治霍乱腹痛，大小肠不通，小儿寒热客忤，多用作汤导药。桃实，味酸，无毒。多食令人发
热。有味辛者，肺病宜食。食桃讫，入水浴成淋。桃胶，主保中不饥，忍风寒，下石淋，破血，愈百病。桑灰
汁煮三次，阴干用。桃寄生，主小儿中蛊毒令腹内坚痛，面目青黄，淋露骨立，病变无常。花、叶、枝、茎等俱
能辟不祥，杀邪魅，疗中恶蛊疰，今人用桃作符着门上者，亦取其厌邪也。
杏仁
杏仁有毒苦甘温，润肺止嗽及奔豚，消食治肿通气闭，祛风发汗出声言。
杏，文从木、从甘，实大而甘也。沉而降，阴也。入手太阴经。润肺，燥热在胸膈间，急满喘促，咳嗽
上气，喉鸣及奔豚气逆。消宿食，杀狗肉积毒。治浮肿腹痹，大肠气闭不通。又解
肌发汗，散肺风寒咳嗽，头面风邪，眼 鼻塞，冷泪，喉痹生疮，时行头痛，风气来去，中风半身不遂，失音
卒哑。兼治香港脚、惊痫、产乳、金疮、五痔下血不止、扑损瘀血、卒不得小便。盖杏仁虽下气，少用亦能活血，
多服令人血溢出、血不止，或泻，或脐中出物。古今有单服杏仁而得效者，必壮实、痰气壅滞及声不亮、目不
明者乃宜。东垣云∶杏仁治气，桃仁治血，俱治年高硕便秘燥，当以气血分用，佐以陈皮。此正论也。凡使，
汤泡去皮尖，麸炒黄色，去油，有火有汗者，童便浸三日，又烧令烟未尽，研如泥。绵裹纳女子阴中，治虫疽。
恶黄芩、黄 、葛根，畏 草。解锡、胡粉毒，得火良。双仁者杀人，可毒狗。杏花，味苦，无毒。主补不足，
女子伤中，寒热痹，厥逆。杏实，味酸，热，有毒。食多伤筋骨，损神气，令人目盲。小儿尤不可食，多致痈
疮及上膈热。
郁李仁
郁李仁味苦酸平，破血润燥二便行，消肿攻癖通关格，根主牙风肿且疼。
郁，盛貌，即《诗》所谓棠棣之花，李木之子也。无毒。阴中阳也。破血，润燥，滑大肠，利小便、水道，泄
五脏、膀胱急痛，宣腰跨冷脓，主大腹水肿、面目四肢浮肿，消宿食，下气，破癖气，治卒心痛及肠中结气、
关格不通。凡使，汤浸去皮尖，生蜜浸一宿，研如膏用，根，凉。主风虫牙、龋齿、齿龈肿痛，去白虫，浓煎
含之。
火麻子
火麻子甘无毒平，润肠能破积血凝，治痹宽膨止消渴，催产下乳救脉停，花性大同却有毒，食久令人见鬼
精。
又名麻子仁，四棱，处处有之，皮可为布及履。东海者大如莲实，北地者大如豆，南地者子小。入足太阴、
手阳明经。主大肠风热结燥，小便淋闭。破积血，治皮肤顽痹，风癞骨髓疼痛，风水腹大，脐腰重痛。止消渴。
治妊娠心痛腹疼、逆生倒产、产后恶露不尽、腹胀。古方脉代用之者，以其能复血脉而益中气也。兼治小儿赤
白痢。长肌肉，益毛发，但多食反损血脉，滑精，痿阳，发带病。凡使，以布包沸汤中浸，汤冷取出，垂井中一
夜，勿令着水，次日晒干，新瓦上挪去壳用。花名麻贲，又名麻勃，即麻花上勃勃者。主利五脏，下血破积，
止痹散脓。久食，令人见鬼狂走。
胡麻
胡麻甘平润五脏，治癞风落发无量，巨胜子专补髓精，调肺镇心虚家尚。
即胡地黑脂麻，又名壁虱胡麻。无毒。调肺气，润五脏，暴食利大小肠，久食即痞。去陈留新，逐风湿
气、游风、头风，合苍耳子治风癞，长毛发。治温疟、大吐扣虚羸，催生堕胎，金疮止血。巨胜子，即胡麻中
七棱、两头尖，色赤，味酸涩者。八谷中最为大胜。主伤中虚羸，补五内，益气力，填髓脑，坚筋益精，补
肺气，止心惊。久服轻身，耐饥渴寒暑，有益于男子者也。凡使，汤淘去浮者，酒蒸半日，晒干，舂去粗皮微
炒。服食家九蒸九晒，蜜丸服，名静神丸，除一切痼疾。油，微寒。主天行热秘，肠内结热，利大小肠，下胞
衣，生者杀虫，摩疮肿，生秃发。苗名青 ，味甘、寒，无毒。主五脏邪气、风寒湿痹，益气血，补脑髓，坚
筋骨。作汤沐，润毛发，滑皮肤。
油麻
油麻甘寒炒则热，通血行气肠胃滑，去浮风疾润肌肤，油能解毒疗疮疖。
子可榨油。生则寒，炒则热。通血脉，行风气，去头浮风，滑肠胃，润肌肤。久食抽人肌肉。麻油，又
名香油。杀五黄，下三焦热毒，通大小肠，治蛔心痛，敷一切疮疖疥癣。煎膏，生肌止痛，消痈肿，补皮裂，
治疮。食物须逐日熬熟用，经宿即动气，有牙齿并脾胃冷止，消渴、精滑者，切不可吃。况煎炼服之与火无异，
人家积油百石则生火。油麻亦有二种，白者润肺，黑者润肾。
葵子
葵子甘寒滑小肠，催生下乳穿疮疡，根主
疮淋解椒毒，叶堪作菜莫多尝。
葵，揆也。《左传》能卫其足者，知也。惟知所以能揆，此即常食葵菜。覆养经冬，至春作子，故谓之
冬葵子。无毒。性滑利。宣导热壅，利小肠，通癃闭及卒关格、二便不通、支满欲死、妊娠患淋，或卒下血、
倒产难产、子死腹中，或乳难内闭、乳汁不通，并微炒捣碎煮浓汁服之。一切疮肿疖毒未出脓者，水吞三四粒，
即作窍出脓。根主恶疮、淋闭、利小便，止消渴，解蜀椒、丹石毒。小儿吞钱，煮汁饮之，立出。叶为百菜主，
其心伤人，小儿发斑恶肿，绞汁饮之。性冷利，不可多食。又霜葵多食吐水，动五饮。四季食生葵令饮食不消，
发宿疾，动风气，天行病后食之丧明。合鲤鱼食害人，又无蒜勿食。黄芩为使。
蜀葵
蜀葵甘寒钝人性，解热利便根茎胜，叶消热痢制石丹，子除水肿风疥病，花有五色能润燥，赤白带下偏
相应。
种出巴蜀，似葵，花有五色，如槿花。无毒。阴中阳也。久食钝人性灵。根茎，主客热，利小便，散脓血
恶汁。叶，主热毒下痢及丹石发热结，煮食或捣汁服之。又烧灰敷金疮，捣烂敷火疮。子，主水肿淋涩，催生
落胎，治一切疮疥瘢疵土靥，小儿风疹。花，赤者治血燥，白者治气燥；赤治赤带，白治白带，空心酒下。又
白者治 疟，并阴干用。
黄蜀葵花
黄蜀葵花治便淋，用子催生待产临，疮家要药惟敷傅，能消脓水久侵淫。
近道处处有之。另是一种，非蜀葵中黄者，叶尖狭，多刻缺，夏末开花淡黄色，叶心下有紫檀色，六七月
采。阴干或日干。治小便淋。难产催生，取子四十九粒，焙为末，温水下；根煮浓汁冷服亦好。《衍义》云∶疮
家要药。诸恶疮脓水久不瘥者，作末敷之即愈。又有一种龙葵，苦寒，无毒。北人谓之苦葵，叶圆花白，子若牛
李子，生青熟黑，食之解劳少睡，去虚热肿。其子疗疔肿，其根为末，入麝少许，敷发背痈疽甚瘥。
苏木
苏木甘咸平去瘀，风噤血癖气凝聚，通经产后是灵丹，疮损下痢与呕吐。
出苏方国，故名，即今用染色者。无毒。可升可降，阳中阴也。去瘀血和新血之剂。主男妇中风口噤不
语，虚劳，血癖，气滞，妇人气血心腹痛，月候不调或经闭不通。产后恶露冲心，腹中绞痛，胀闷欲死及蓐劳，
失音，血噤，血晕。消肿毒，排脓止痛，一切金疮扑损并用。故东垣曰∶除产后败血，有此立验；破疮疡死血，
非此无功。兼治赤白痢后重急痛，霍乱呕逆及常呕吐。并用水煎破血，酒煮去风，佐以防风为妙。去皮节细锉，
和梅枝蒸半日，阴干用。
红蓝花
红蓝花辛温散血，胎死产晕口噤结，兼治诸风及痹喉，少用补血东垣诀，若作胭脂功又奇，小儿 耳不
可缺。
色红，叶如蓝，即今染红及作胭脂者，俗名红花。无毒。阴中阳也。《衍义》云∶辛温则血调和，故少
用则能入心养血；过于辛温则血走散，故多用则能破血。治胎死腹中及产后血晕口噤，腹内恶血不尽绞痛，经闭
腹内血气刺痛，并酒煮服，兼治三十六种风及产后中风，血热烦渴，喉痹壅塞不通，一切肿毒及蛊毒下血，生
绞汁或煎服之。东垣谓∶补血虚者，佐补血药而少用也。搓碎用。苗生捣碎，敷游肿。子吞数粒主天行痘子不
出。胭脂点小儿 耳，滴耳中。
以上滋血润燥药。
茜根
茜根苦寒清心肺，逐瘀止血及崩带，退黄治痹排脓疮，中蛊作吐称为最。
Frost. Separately, use ash-free wine (wine free of impurities) in a jar, boil again until it forms a gelatinous consistency, dry in the shade, or stir-fry into beads, or dissolve in wine for administration, or incorporate into tonifying medicines as pills; its efficacy is similar to that of Cervi Cornu Desinistratum (Deer Antler from the Left Side). It works well when heated by fire, but is incompatible with Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata (Da Huang, Rhubarb).
Some methods involve decocting it together with medicinal ingredients and yellow beeswax, which is not the ancient method.
Pollen Typhae (Puhuang)
Pollen Typhae is non-toxic, sweet in taste, and neutral in nature. For stopping bleeding, use the stir-fried form; for invigorating blood, use the raw form. It eliminates cold-heat disorders in the heart, abdomen, bladder, and intestines; astringes the intestines to stop diarrhea, and secures essence to stop spermatorrhea.
It is produced on the Cattail (Typha orientalis), appearing yellow, which is the pollen dust from the flower. Stir-fry between paper until yellow, steam for half a day, then dry in the shade. The cooked form nourishes blood and stops bleeding, treating metrorrhagia and leukorrhea in women that do not cease.
It stops bloody dysentery, epistaxis, hematuria, and intestinal wind bleeding; treats post-abortal hemorrhagic vertigo and various postpartum hemorrhagic conditions. It also treats rectal prolapse, astringes intestines to stop diarrhea, and stops spermatorrhea. The raw form breaks blood stasis and reduces swelling, clears heat from the heart, abdomen, and bladder, promotes urination, unblocks meridians, breaks blood stasis, treats irregular menstruation in women, abdominal pain due to blood and qi stagnation, and acute pain from "Erzhen" (postpartum uterine mass due to blood stasis). It also treats traumatic blood obstruction, expels pus from sores and boils, treats migratory wind swelling and toxicity, applies externally for glossitis (swelling of the tongue), ulcers on the tongue, and pruritus ani. For postpartum mastitis (milk stasis with swelling), carbuncles, and swellings, it can be mixed with honey and eaten as a cake to clear deficiency heat of the heart; it is very beneficial for children.
Excessive consumption causes spontaneous diarrhea; it should be avoided by those with deficiency.
Cattail (Xiangpu), the plant source of Pollen Typhae, treats evil qi under the heart in the five zang organs, foul breath from oral rot, strengthens teeth, brightens eyes, sharpens hearing, and lightens the body.
Fructus Platycladi (Baishi)
Fructus Platycladi is sweet, pungent, neutral, and moistening. It enters the Heart meridian, nourishes Kidney water, stimulates yang, and treats deep-seated lumbar pain. It drains cold purulent fluid from the bladder, calms the five zang organs, and removes rheumatic bi-syndrome invasion. The leaves are bitter, astringent, and warm; they stop various bleedings, benefit the spleen, astringe the lungs, and tonify true yin.
Among all trees, only the Thuja faces west while others face the sun; hence the character contains "Bai" (white), embodying the righteous qi of Metal, and is the hardest of woods. It is non-toxic. It treats calming the mind spirit, nourishing heart blood, stopping sweating, and settling fright.
It further nourishes Kidney water, stimulates yang, treats deficiency damage, Jie-jue syndrome (painful deformity of joints), heavy pain in the waist, and chronic cold purulent fluid in the kidneys. It calms the five zang organs, benefits qi and blood, removes rheumatic bi-syndrome, dispels head wind, treats various strange diseases ("ghosts and demons"), and pediatric convulsions. Long-term use makes the skin smooth and the mind sharp, prevents hunger, and prolongs life. Those from Ganzhou are best. Remove the shell, take the kernel, stir-fry lightly to remove oil. Ostrea Concha (Muli) and Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui) serve as guiding herbs.
It is incompatible with Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua), Rumex Patientiae (Yangti), various minerals, and yeast. Leaves of Platycladus orientalis (Cacumen Platycladi) are non-toxic. They treat hematemesis, epistaxis, bloody dysentery, metrorrhagia with red and white discharge, hematuria, vomiting blood due to seven emotions, chest pain, cold wind Jie-jue pain, alopecia due to severe wind disease. Long-term use removes damp-bi, adapts to cold and heat, stops hunger, benefits qi, and lightens the body. Danxi stated: Its nature is good at stabilizing and drying; it greatly benefits the Spleen earth and is a key herb for astringing the lungs and tonifying yin. It also stops pediatric diarrhea and dysentery, kills parasites in the five zang organs. Powdered and mixed with oil applied to the scalp promotes hair growth. Hot compresses treat frostbite, scrofula, and swollen nodes. Leaves should be harvested according to the lunar month to obtain the qi of the season. Remove stems, soak in rice washing water for seven days, then stir-fry. Do not use leaves from graves. White bark of Thuja (Cortex Platycladi) treats internal heat, burns from oil or fire, and promotes hair growth. Powdered and fried in lard for external application. Branches boiled to make wine treat wind-bi and Jie-jue wind; juice burned and applied treats tinea and leprosy sores.
Fructus Sophorae (Huaisi)
Fructus Sophorae is bitter, sour, salty, and cold in nature. It relieves damp-heat intestinal wind and hemorrhoidal dysentery, disperses evil qi from the five viscera to clear the head and eyes, and treats hernia pain, genital sores, and difficult labor. The bark treats gum disease and root pharyngitis; branches treat wind paralysis, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea.
The Sophora tree is the essence of the Xu star; leaves are large and black, closing by day and opening by night, hence the radical "Gui" (Ghost). Also known as Shou Gong Shi, these are seeds in the pod, bean-sized, hard and purple, commonly called Huai Jiao.
Non-toxic. Treats damp-heat intestinal wind dysentery, five types of hemorrhoids, guides evil qi from the five viscera, and wind-heat restlessness. Brightens eyes, clears hot tears, treats wind dizziness of the head, excessive salivation resembling drunkenness, and sensation of rocking as if on a boat. Treats hernia pain and genital sores with itching in men and women, breast masses in women, acute pain of the uterus, induces abortion and facilitates delivery; swallowing seven grains is effective. Materia Medica states: Tonifies injuries and benefits qi; it is also a middle-tonifying agent. Lightly stir-fry before use. White bark of Sophora (Cortex Sophorae) is bitter. Treats wind caries of teeth and gums with bleeding; decoct in vinegar water and gargle. Yin hernia, testicular swelling, qi tumors, and hemorrhoids with worms or purulent bloody discharge; decoct root bark for washing. Root bark is neutral. Treats pharyngitis with cold and heat, stroke with stiffness, and skin anesthesia. Decoct for washing five hemorrhoids and all malignant sores, vaginal itching/pain after childbirth, and scalds/burns. Decoct into ointment to reduce carbuncles, stop pain, and promote flesh regeneration. Branches boiled for wine treat severe wind and paralysis effectively. Metrorrhagia and leukorrhea with red/white discharge; char to ash, mix with wine. Nine types of heart pain; decoct in water. Decoct for washing sores and scrotal itching. Charred powder rubs teeth to remove worms; ash water applies to tinea; mixed with sesame oil applies to red eyes. Equal to leaves; decoct for pediatric convulsions with high fever, tinea, carbuncles, and nasal congestion.
Flos Sophorae (Huaihua)
Flos Sophorae is bitter and neutral; clears lung heat. It is excellent for intestinal wind and hemorrhoidal dysentery. For heart pain and red eyes, use the stir-fried form. Kills abdominal parasites and treats skin sores. Gum resolves wind-phlegm to treat trismus, limb paralysis, and trauma.
Also known as Huai E. Non-toxic. Yin nature. Moistens lungs, cools large intestine. Treats wind-intestinal bleeding, bleeding from five hemorrhoids, bloody dysentery; very effective, but do not overdose. Treats heart pain, red eyes, kills abdominal parasites, treats wind-heat of skin; lightly stir-fry. Sophora Gum treats all wind types, resolves phlegm. Treats Liver wind, muscle spasms, acute trismus, limbs unable to move, stubborn bi-syndrome, toxic wind feeling like insects crawling on the body, tetanus with facial deviation and stiff back. Can be made into decoctions, powders, pills, or syrups with other herbs, or boiled with medicine to form pills. Fungus on Sophora tree, also known as Huaier, is non-toxic. Treats five hemorrhoids with rectal prolapse and bleeding, heart pain, and genital sores in women.
Semen Persicae (Taoren)
Semen Persicae is non-toxic, bitter and sweet, neutral. Breaks blood, unblocks intestines, regulates menstruation. Relieves cough, chest fullness, hernia masses, lumbar pain, kills parasites, and secures essence. Flowers improve complexion and treat strangury/swelling. Nu (Twigs) disperse blood/qi and clear lungs/heart.
"Peach" implies fleeing; it makes evil spirits flee. It is the essence of the five woods. Non-toxic. Heavy and descending, Yin nature. Enters Hand and Foot Jueyin meridians. Treats blood stasis, blood closure, blood knots, blood heat, blood disorders, blood masses, sudden trauma with blood retention, heart pain, bone-steaming fever, hemiplegia, moistens large intestine, promotes menstruation. Also treats rising qi cough, asthma, chest diaphragm fullness, stops hernia pain, lumbar pain, kills parasites and corpse-infection evil spirits. Applied as paste for pediatric scrotal swelling and female vaginal itching. Li Shizhen said: Bitter drains stagnant blood, sweet generates new blood. Use for blood stasis masses; caution in blood dryness/deficiency. Preparation: Soak in hot water, remove skin and tips, stir-fry until red, grind into paste. Peach flowers remove hundred diseases, improve complexion. Treats water-type and stone strangury, promotes urination. Harvest in March, dry in shade; avoid double-flowered varieties. Tao Nu (dried fruit hanging on tree through winter) is slightly warm. Treats Fu-liang qi (mass under heart). Charred to retain property, treats pulmonary hematemesis unresponsive to other drugs and postpartum bleeding. Harvest in January, steam with wine, cut meat with copper knife, dry. White bark of stem removes evil abdominal pain, clears stomach heat. Peach twigs harvested on Wuzi day used as pillows tonify heart deficiency, forgetfulness, and sharpen ears/eyes. Ointment treats mouth sores and lower body sores; decoction treats epidemic febrile diseases. Peach leaves expel worms from sores, treat cholera abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, pediatric cold/heat and shock; often used as adjuvant decoctions. Peach fruit is sour, non-toxic. Excess causes fever; pungent variety suits lung disease. Bathing after eating peaches causes strangury. Peach gum protects the center from hunger, withstands cold/wind, passes stone strangury, breaks blood, heals hundred diseases. Boil three times in wood ash juice, dry in shade. Parasitic peach treats pediatric gu-poison causing abdominal hardness, green-yellow face, emaciation, and variable symptoms. Flowers, leaves, branches, stems ward off misfortune, kill evil spirits, treat evil gu-poison; people hang peach charms on doors for this reason.
Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren)
Semen Armeniacae Amarum is toxic, bitter and sweet, warm. Moistens lungs, stops cough, treats Tan-coursing qi. Digests food, reduces swelling, opens qi closure, dispels wind, induces sweating, restores voice.
Character structure: Wood + Gan (sweet), indicating large sweet fruit. Heavy and descending, Yin nature. Enters Hand Taiyin meridian. Moistens lungs, treats dry-heat in chest/diaphragm with urgent fullness, asthma, cough, upper-rebellious qi, throat rattle, and Tan-coursing qi rebellion. Digests retained food, kills dog meat accumulation toxicity. Treats edema, abdominal bi, large intestine qi closure. Releases muscle layer to induce sweating, disperses Lung wind-cold cough, head/face wind evil, eye opacity, nasal congestion, cold tearing, pharyngitis with sores, seasonal headache, wandering wind, stroke hemiplegia, aphonia. Treats gout, convulsions, postpartum issues, metal wounds, persistent hemorrhoidal bleeding, traumatic blood stasis, sudden urinary retention. Although Xingren directs qi downward, small doses invigorate blood; large doses cause bleeding, diarrhea, or umbilical discharge. Effective only in robust patients with phlegm-qii stagnation, hoarse voice, or poor vision. Dongyuan said: Xingren treats Qi, Taoren treats Blood; both treat constipation in elderly; use separately for Qi/Blood, aided by Chenpi. This is correct. Preparation: Soak in hot water, remove skin/tips, bran-fry until yellow, remove oil. For those with heat/sweating, soak in child's urine for three days, burn until smoke ceases, grind to paste. Wrapped in cotton, insert into vagina to treat worm abscess. Incompatible with Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin), Radix Bupleuri (Ge Gen); fears unknown grass. Resolves Tin and Lead White toxicity; works well with fire. Double-kernel seeds are lethal, can poison dogs. Apricot flowers are bitter, non-toxic. Tonify deficiency, treat women's mid-body injury, cold-heat bi, reversal. Apricot fruits are sour, hot, toxic. Excess damages sinews/bones, harms spirit, causes blindness. Especially dangerous for children; causes carbuncles and upper jiao heat.
Semen Pruni (Yuliren)
Semen Pruni is bitter and sour, neutral. Breaks blood, moistens dryness, regulates bowels. Reduces swelling, attacks masses, opens Guan-Ge blockage. Roots treat wind-tooth swelling and pain.
Yu means flourishing; refers to Crabapple flowers and Plum fruits in Classic of Poetry. Non-toxic. Yang within Yin. Breaks blood, moistens dryness, lubricates large intestine, promotes urination/water pathways, drains urgency/pain of five zang/bladder,宣 (disseminates) cold pus from waist/hips. Treats massive abdominal edema, facial/limb swelling, digests retained food, directs qi downward, breaks mass qi, treats sudden heart pain, intestinal qi knotting, and Guan-Ge obstruction. Preparation: Soak in hot water, remove skin/tips, soak in raw honey overnight, grind to paste. Roots are cool. Treat wind-worm toothache, cavities, gingival swelling, expel roundworms; decoct strongly and gargle.
Semen Cannabis (Huomazi)
Semen Cannabis is sweet, non-toxic, neutral. Moistens intestines, breaks accumulated blood stasis. Treats bi-syndrome, distension, stops thirst. Induces labor, promotes lactation, rescues pulse cessation. Flowers have similar properties but are toxic; long-term use causes hallucinations.
Also known as Maziren. Four-edged, ubiquitous. Bark makes cloth/shoes. East Sea: lotus seed size; North: bean size; South: small seeds. Enters Foot Taiyin and Hand Yangming meridians. Treats large intestine wind-heat dryness, strangury/retention. Breaks blood stasis, treats stubborn skin bi, wind-leprosy bone pain, wind-water abdominal distension, umbilical/lumbar heaviness. Stops thirst. Treats pregnancy heart/abdominal pain, breech presentation, postpartum lochia retention, abdominal distension. Ancient formulas use it for intermittent pulse because it restores blood vessels and benefits middle qi. Also treats pediatric red/white dysentery. Promotes muscle/hair growth, but excess damages vessels, causes seminal emission, impotence, and activates latent diseases. Preparation: Wrap in cloth, soak in boiling water, remove when cool, hang in well overnight (do not touch water), dry next day, rub shells off on new tile. Flowers named Ma Ben/Ma Bo (fluffy parts of hemp flowers). Benefit five zang, move blood, break stasis, stop bi, dissipate pus. Long-term use causes hallucinations/raving.
Semen Sesami Nigrum (Huma)
Semen Sesami Nigrum is sweet and neutral. Moistens five zang, treats leprosy and hair loss in vast amounts. Ju Sheng Zi specifically tonifies marrow/essence, regulates lungs, calms heart, preferred by deficient individuals.
Black sesame from Hu region, also known as Bi Shi Huma. Non-toxic. Regulates lung qi, moistens five zang, promotes bowel movement if overeaten, causes stagnation if taken long-term. Discards old, retains new; expels wind-damp, migratory wind, head wind. Combined with Xanthii Fructus (Cang Er Zi) treats wind-leprosy, promotes hair growth. Treats warm malaria, severe vomiting/emaciation, induces labor/abortion, stops metal wound bleeding. Ju Sheng Zi has seven edges, pointed ends, red color, sour/astringent taste. Best among eight grains. Treats middle-damage emaciation, tonifies five viscera, benefits qi/strength, fills marrow/brain, strengthens sinews/essence, tonifies lung qi, stops heart palpitations. Long-term use lightens body, resists hunger/thirst/cold/heat, benefits men. Preparation: Wash away floating seeds, steam in wine for half day, dry, pound to remove coarse skin, lightly fry. Food preservers use nine steams/nine dryings, honey pills named Jing Shen Wan to cure chronic diseases. Oil is slightly cold. Treats epidemic heat constipation, internal heat knotting, promotes bowel/bladder, delivers placenta. Raw seeds kill parasites, massage swellings, regrow bald hair. Seedlings (Qing Ma) are sweet, cold, non-toxic. Treat five zang evil qi, wind-cold-damp bi, benefit qi/blood, tonify brain/marrow, strengthen sinews/bones. Decoct for bathing, moistens hair/skin.
Oil Hemp (Youma)
Oil Hemp is sweet and cold; stir-frying makes it hot. Invigorates blood, moves qi, lubricates intestines/stomach. Removes floating wind, moistens skin. Oil detoxifies and treats sores/boils.
Seeds pressed for oil. Raw is cold, fried is hot. Invigorates vessels, moves wind qi, removes head floating wind, lubricates intestines, moistens skin. Long-term use wastes muscle. Sesame oil (Xiangyou) kills Five Yellows, drains Sanjiao heat toxicity, unblocks bowels, treats ascariasis heart pain, applies to all sores/boils/tinea. Ointment generates flesh, stops pain, reduces carbuncles, repairs skin cracks. Daily cooking required; overnight oil moves qi. Contraindicated in dental/stomach cold, thirst, seminal emission. Refining is like fire; storing large quantities generates fire. Two types: White moistens lungs, Black moistens kidneys.
Semen Malvae (Kuizi)
Semen Malvae is sweet, cold, slippery. Benefits small intestine. Induces labor, promotes lactation, penetrates sores. Roots treat sores/strangury, resolve pepper toxicity. Leaves edible but do not overeat.
Kui means measure. Zuo Zhuan mentions guarding feet implies knowledge. Knowledge allows measurement; this refers to common Malva vegetable. Overwintered to spring produces seeds, hence Dong Kui Zi. Non-toxic. Slippery nature. Directs heat/dampness, benefits small intestine, treats strangury/retention, sudden Guan-Ge obstruction, urinary/fecal retention, chest fullness nearing death, pregnancy strangury, sudden bleeding, breech/dystocia, fetal death in utero, milk duct closure. Lightly stir-fry, crush, decoct strong juice. For sores/boils without pus, swallow 3-4 grains with water to open pores and drain pus. Roots treat malignant sores, strangury, promote urination, stop thirst, resolve Sichuan pepper/Cinnabar toxicity. Child swallowing coin: decoct and drink for immediate expulsion. Leaves are chief of vegetables; core harms humans, causes pediatric macules/swelling; juice drinks. Cold/slippery nature, do not overeat. Frost Malva causes vomiting water and activates five fluids if overeaten. Raw Malva in four seasons causes indigestion, reactivates old diseases, moves wind, causes blindness after epidemics. Harmful with carp; do not eat without garlic. Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) is guiding herb.
Malva Verticillata (Shukui)
Malva Verticillata is sweet and cold. Dulls human spirit. Clears heat, promotes urination; roots/stems excel. Leaves clear heat-dysentery, control cinnabar stones. Seeds remove edema/wind-tinea. Flowers in five colors moisten dryness; correspond to red/white leukorrhea.
Originates from Ba-Shu, resembles Malva, flowers in five colors like Hibiscus. Non-toxic. Yang within Yin. Long-term use dulls spirit. Roots/stems treat exogenous heat, promote urination, dissipate pus/bad fluids. Leaves treat heat-toxin dysentery and Cinnabar-stone heat knots; decoct or juice. Ash applies to metal wounds; paste applies to burns. Seeds treat edema/strangury, induce labor/abortion, treat all sores/tinea/scars, pediatric wind-rash. Flowers: Red treats blood dryness/red leukorrhea; White treats qi dryness/white leukorrhea; take on empty stomach with wine. White also treats malaria; dry in shade.
Yellow Malva Flower (Huangshukuihua)
Yellow Malva Flower treats strangury. Seeds induce labor for impending birth. Essential herb for sores, applied externally. Dissolves chronic purulent discharge.
Common nearby. Distinct from yellow Malva Verticillata. Leaves narrow/lobed, pale yellow flowers late summer, purple center. Harvest June-July. Dry in shade/sun. Treats strangury. For dystocia, roast 49 seeds, powder, take with warm water; root decoct cold is also good. Yan Yi states: Essential for sores. Chronic suppurating sores heal when powdered and applied. Another type, Solanum nigrum (Long Kui), is bitter, cold, non-toxic. Northern name Ku Kui. Round leaves, white flowers, beef-plum-like berries (green/black). Eating relieves fatigue, reduces sleep, clears deficiency heat/swelling. Berries treat carbuncles; root powder with musk applies to back carbuncles effectively.
Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae (Sumu)
Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae is sweet, salty, neutral. Removes blood stasis. Treats wind-trismus, blood masses, qi aggregation. Unblocks meridians, postpartum miracle drug. Treats sores, dysentery, vomiting.
From Su Fang country, hence name. Used for dyeing. Non-toxic. Ascending and descending, Yin within Yang. Formula for removing stasis and generating new blood. Treats stroke with trismus/aphasia, deficiency labor, blood masses, qi stagnation, female blood/qi heart/abdominal pain, irregular amenorrhea. Postpartum lochia rushing to heart, colic, suffocation, postpartum consumption, aphonia, blood trismus, hemorrhagic vertigo. Reduces swelling/toxicity, expels pus/stops pain, all metal wounds/trauma. Dongyuan said: Removes postpartum敗血 (failed blood) with immediate effect; breaks carbuncle dead blood, useless without this. Also treats bloody dysentery with tenesmus, cholera vomiting. Water decoction breaks blood; wine decoction removes wind; add Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng). Remove nodes, chop fine, steam with Prunus Mume branches for half day, dry in shade.
Flos Carthami Tinctorii (Honglanhua)
Flos Carthami Tinctorii is pungent and warm. Disperses blood. Treats fetal death, postpartum vertigo/trismus, clumping. Treats various winds, bi-throat. Small dose tonifies blood (Dongyuan's rule). Unique function as rouge. Essential for pediatric ear infection.
Red color, blue-like leaves, used for dyeing/rouge, commonly Honghua. Non-toxic. Yang within Yin. Yan Yi states: Pungent-warm harmonizes blood; small dose nourishes Heart blood; excessive pungent-warm scatters blood, large dose breaks blood. Treats fetal death, postpartum vertigo/trismus, abdominal pain from retained bad blood, amenorrhea with stabbing pain. Decoct in wine. Treats 36 wind types, postpartum wind-stroke, blood-heat thirst, pharyngeal obstruction, all swellings/toxins, gu-poison bleeding. Fresh juice or decoction. Dongyuan: For blood deficiency, combine with tonics and use small dose. Rub to碎 (crush). Young shoots crushed apply to migratory swelling. Swallow seeds for epidemic measles failure to erupt. Rouge applied to pediatric otitis media, dropped in ear.
Above are blood-nourishing and dryness-moistening herbs.
Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae (Qigen)
Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae is bitter and cold. Clears Heart/Lungs. Expels stasis, stops bleeding, treats metrorrhagia/leukorrhea. Resolves jaundice, treats bi, expels pus from sores. Most effective for inducing vomiting in gu-poison.