喜心所感,欣散之声。怒心所感,忿厉之声。哀心所感,悲嘶之声。乐心所感,舒缓之声。敬心所感,
正肃之声。爱心所感,温和之声,此亦无病之声也。
肝呼而声急,知病生于肝也。心笑而声雄,知病生于心也。脾歌而声漫,知病生于脾也。肺哭而声促,
知病生于肺也。肾呻而声微,知病生于肾也。假如肝病呼急,得相克之白色主凶。余脏仿此。
喘息肩摇者,心中坚满,气无降路,故逆冲而肩摇也。息引胸中上气者,气逆必生咳嗽也。息张口而
短气者,肺痿而胸满,清气堙塞,常生唾沫也。如吸气微数。此中焦盛实,肺气不降,下之腑清,而气降则
愈矣。若中虚而吸数,此气败而根绝,法为不治。气逆于上焦则吸促,气逆于下焦其吸远,此皆中气之败,
升降失职,最难治也。如呼吸动摇振振者不治。
好言者,热病也。懒言者,寒病也。发言壮厉者,实也。发言轻微者,虚也。欲言不能复言者,气已夺也。
谵言妄语、不别亲疏者,神明已失也。如失音声重,内火外寒之病也。疮痛流连,劳哑之病也。如小儿抽风不
语,大人中风不语,皆极危之候也。
肝主五色,肺主五声,前已详言之矣。如心主五臭,凡病者喜臭恶臭,皆主于心,此统而言之也。若分而
言之,则自入喜焦,病生心也。入脾喜香,病主脾也。入肾喜腐,病生肾也。入肺喜腥,病生肺也。入肝喜臊
,病生肝也。脾主五味,凡病者喜味恶味,皆主于脾,此统而言之也。若分而言之,则自入喜甘,病生脾也。
入肝喜酸,病生肝也。入心喜苦。病生心也。入肺喜辛,病生肺也。入肾喜咸,病生肾也。肾主五液,凡病者
多液少液,皆主于肾,此统而言之也。若分而言之,
则自入出而为唾,病生肾也。入心出而为汗,病生心也。入肝出而为泪,病生肝也。入脾出而为涎,病生脾
也。入肺出而为涕,病生肺也。其色之顺逆、声之微壮、法同推也。
Joy is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is joyful and dispersed. Anger is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is fierce and harsh. Sorrow is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is sad and hoarse. Happiness is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is slow and gentle. Respect is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is upright and solemn. Affection is felt by the Heart, producing a voice that is mild and warm; these are also voices of those without disease.
The Liver manifests as shouting with an urgent voice, indicating that the disease originates in the Liver. The Heart manifests as laughing with a vigorous voice, indicating that the disease originates in the Heart. The Spleen manifests as singing with a lingering voice, indicating that the disease originates in the Spleen. The Lungs manifest as crying with a short voice, indicating that the disease originates in the Lungs. The Kidneys manifest as groaning with a faint voice, indicating that the disease originates in the Kidneys. For instance, if Liver disease presents with urgent shouting, and the associated color is white (Metal overcoming Wood), it indicates a ominous prognosis. The same applies to other Zang organs.
Wheezing accompanied by shoulder shaking indicates fullness and hardness in the Heart region, where Qi has no path to descend, thus rushing upward and causing shoulder shaking. Breathing that draws Qi upward from the chest indicates that rebellious Qi will inevitably generate coughing. Breathing with an open mouth and shortness of breath indicates Lung萎 (Lung Flaccidity) with chest fullness, where clear Qi is blocked, often generating saliva. If inhalation is slightly rapid, this indicates excess in the Middle Jiao with failure of Lung Qi to descend; using purgative methods to clear the Fu organs allows Qi to descend, leading to recovery. However, if the Middle Jiao is deficient and inhalation is rapid, this indicates collapse of Qi and severance of its root, which is untreatable. Rebellious Qi in the Upper Jiao causes short inhalation; rebellious Qi in the Lower Jiao causes deep and distant inhalation. Both indicate failure of the Middle Qi and dysfunction of ascending and descending, making them difficult to treat. If respiration causes the body to tremble and shake, it is untreatable.
Speaking excessively indicates Heat disease. Reluctance to speak indicates Cold disease. Speaking with a loud and strong voice indicates Excess syndrome. Speaking with a soft and weak voice indicates Deficiency syndrome. Wanting to speak but being unable to continue indicates that Qi has been depleted. Delirious speech and妄语 (delusion/hallucination), not distinguishing relatives or strangers, indicates loss of Shen (Spirit). Loss of voice with heavy resonance indicates internal Heat and external Cold. Lingering sore pain leading to aphonia indicates damage from overwork. Aphonia in children due to convulsions (Wind stirring internally) or in adults due to stroke are both extremely critical conditions.
The Liver governs the five colors, and the Lungs govern the five sounds, as previously detailed. The Heart governs the five odors. Generally, whether patients prefer or dislike certain odors relates to the Heart. Specifically, preference for burnt odor indicates Heart disease. Preference for fragrant odor indicates Spleen disease. Preference for putrid odor indicates Kidney disease. Preference for fishy odor indicates Lung disease. Preference for rank odor indicates Liver disease. The Spleen governs the five tastes. Generally, preferences or aversions to tastes relate to the Spleen. Specifically, preference for sweet taste indicates Spleen disease. Preference for sour taste indicates Liver disease. Preference for bitter taste indicates Heart disease. Preference for pungent taste indicates Lung disease. Preference for salty taste indicates Kidney disease. The Kidneys govern the five fluids. Generally, abundance or scarcity of fluids relates to the Kidneys. Specifically, saliva excreted via the nose indicates Kidney disease. Sweat excreted via the nose indicates Heart disease. Tears excreted via the nose indicate Liver disease. Saliva (thin mucus) excreted via the nose indicates Spleen disease. Nasal discharge (mucus) excreted via the nose indicates Lung disease. The principles for determining favorable/unfavorable colors and strong/weak sounds follow similar deduction methods.