论
《内经》曰∶足太阳脉令人腰痛，引项脊尻背如重状。少阳腰痛，如以针刺其皮中，循循然不可以俯仰，不可以顾。
阳明腰痛，不可以顾，顾如有见者，善悲。足少阴腰痛，痛引脊内廉。厥阴腰痛，腰中如张弓弩弦。太阴腰痛，热甚生
烦，腰下如有横木居其中，甚则遗溲。又曰∶太阳所至为腰痛。巨阳虚则腰背颈项痛，是动则病项如拔，脊痛腰似折，
髀不可以曲。又曰∶腰者肾之腑，转摇不能，肾将惫矣。脉经曰∶凡有所用力举重，若入房过度，汗出如浴水，则伤肾。
肾胀者，腹满引背央央然，腰髀痛。又有肾着之病，从腰以下冷，腰重如带五千钱。若夫腰痛之证，虽有六经见候之不
同，锉闪肾着之或异，或瘀血，或风寒，或湿痰流注，种种不一，原其所由，未必不因房室过度、负重劳伤之所致也，
经曰邪之所凑、其气必虚是也。治法，虚者补之，杜仲、黄柏、肉桂、当归、五味、菟丝子、天门冬、熟地黄之类。风
者散之，麻黄、防风、羌活、独活之类。寒者温之，肉桂、附子、干姜之类。挫闪者行之，当归、苏木、乳香、没药、
桃仁、红花之类。瘀血者逐之，大黄、牵牛、桃仁、水蛭、虻虫之类。湿痰流注者消导之，苍术、抚芎、香附、白芷、
枳实、橘红、半夏、茯苓之类。宜各类推而治之，不可执一论也。
脉法
《脉经》曰∶尺脉沉，腰背痛。凡腰痛时时失精，饮食减少，其脉沉滑而迟，此为可治。
腰痛之脉皆沉弦，沉弦而紧者为寒，沉弦而浮者为风，沉弦而濡细者为湿，沉弦而实者为锉闪。
丹溪曰∶脉必沉而弦，沉为滞，弦为虚，涩者是瘀血，缓者是湿，滑者伏者是痰，大者是肾虚也。
方法
丹溪曰∶有肾虚，有瘀血，有湿热，有锉闪，有痰。诸腰痛不可用补气药，亦不宜峻用寒凉药。
肾虚腰痛，用杜仲、黄柏、龟板、知母、枸杞子、五味子，猪脊骨髓丸服。
瘀血宜行血顺气，用补阴丸加桃仁、红花，外用三梭针于委中穴出血，以其血滞于下也。
湿宜燥湿行气，用黄柏、杜仲、苍术、川芎之类。
戴氏曰∶疼之不已，为肾虚也。日轻夜重者，是瘀血也。遇天阴及久坐而发者，是湿也。
痰宜南星、半夏，加快气药佐之，使痰随气运。
腰曲不能伸者，针委中立愈。
肾着为病，其体重，腰冷如冰，饮食如故，小便自利，腰以下冷痛而重治宜流湿兼用温药。
（以上丹溪方法凡七条）
肾着汤（三因方）治肾着腰痛。
干姜（炮） 茯苓（各一钱五分） 甘草（炙，五分） 白术（二钱五分）
上每服四钱，水煎服。
青娥丸（三因） 治肾虚腰痛，常服壮筋补虚。
杜仲（一斤，炒） 生姜（十两，炒） 破故纸（一斤，炒）
上为细末，用胡桃肉一百二十个，汤浸去皮膜，研为膏，炼蜜些少，丸如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，盐汤下或姜汤下。
立安丸（三因） 治五种腰痛。常服温补肾元，壮健腰脚。
破故纸（炒） 干木瓜（各一两五钱） 牛膝（酒洗，一两） 萆 （二两） 杜仲（姜汁炒丝断） 续断（各一
两）
上为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，温酒下。
补骨脂丸（局方） 治肾虚及寒湿一切腰痛。
萆 （四两，一两用童便浸，一两用米泔浸，一两用盐汤浸，一两用酒浸，各浸一昼夜） 杜仲（四两，炒丝断） 补
骨脂（三两，炒香） 胡桃肉（八两，浸去油腻，另研如泥）
上以前三味共研为细末，不犯铁器，入胡桃肉，用木杵捣千余下，以糯米糊为丸，秋冬以炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，
每服五十丸空心温酒下，干物压之。
独活汤（东垣） 治劳役腰痛如折。
羌活（去芦） 防风（去芦） 独活（去芦） 泽泻（去毛） 肉桂（各三钱，去粗皮） 大黄（酒浸煨熟） 甘
草（各二钱） 川归（五钱） 连翘（五钱） 防己（酒炒） 黄柏（酒炒，各二钱） 桃仁（三十个，研）
每服一两，酒水煎服。
摩腰丹 治寒热腰痛。
附子尖 乌头尖 天南星（各二钱五分） 朱砂 干姜（各一钱） 雄黄 樟脑 丁香（各一钱五分） 麝香（当
门子，五粒）
上为末，蜜丸如龙眼大，每用一丸，生姜汁化开，如浓粥样，烘热置掌中，摩腰上，冷尽粘着肉，烘绵衣缚定，腰
热如火，间三日用一丸妙。或加吴茱萸、桂皮。
煨肾丸（局方） 治肾虚腰痛。
杜仲（三钱，炒丝断）
上为细末，以猪腰子一只，薄批作五、七块，以椒、盐腌去腥水，掺药末在内，以荷叶包裹，更加湿纸二、三重外
包，慢火煨熟食之，无灰酒送下。
补肾丸（丹溪） 治肾虚腰痛。（方见虚损门。）
苍术汤（丹溪） 治湿热腰腿疼痛。
防风 黄柏（各一钱） 柴胡（二钱） 苍术（三钱）
上细切，作一服，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
川芎肉桂汤（东垣） 治瘀血在足太阳、足少阴、足少阳三经腰痛。
汉防己 防风（去芦，各三钱） 神曲（炒） 独活（各五分） 川芎 柴胡 肉桂 当归梢 甘草（炙） 苍术
（各一钱） 羌活（一钱五分） 桃仁（五个，去皮尖，另研细）
上细切，作一服，好酒三盏，煎至一盏，去渣稍热服，食远。
地龙散（东垣） 治腰脊痛，或打扑损伤，或从高坠下，恶血在太阳经，令人腰脊痛，或髀股胫 中痛不可忍。
当归梢（二分） 中桂 地龙（各四分，盐水拌炒） 麻黄（五分） 苏木（六分） 独活 黄柏（盐酒炒） 甘
草（各八分） 羌活（一钱二分） 桃仁（六个，去皮尖，研如泥）
上细切，作一服水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
拈痛汤（东垣） 治湿热为病，肩背沉重，肢节腰胁疼痛，胸膈不利。
白术（四分） 人参（去芦） 升麻 苦参（酒炒） 葛根 苍术（各五分） 防风（去芦） 知母（去毛，酒洗）
泽泻 黄芩 猪苓（去皮） 当归（各六分） 甘草（炙） 生黄芩（酒洗） 茵 （酒炒） 羌活（各八分）
上细切，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
苍术复煎散（东垣） 治寒湿相合，脑后痛，恶寒，项筋脊骨强，肩背膝眼痛，腰痛，膝膑痛无力，行步沉重。
红花（一分） 黄柏（三分） 柴胡（去芦） 本 泽泻 白术 升麻（各五分） 羌活（一钱） 苍术（四两）
上细切，先以苍术一味，用水三大盏，煎至二盏，去渣入前药，复煎至一盏，去渣空心稍热服，取微汗为效，忌酒
及湿面。
一粒金丹（河间） 治腰膝走注疼痛，如虎咬之，状不可忍者。
草乌头（炮制） 五灵脂（各四两） 木鳖子（一两，去壳） 白胶香（二两） 乳香（二钱五分） 当归（五钱）
京墨（二钱五分） 没药（五钱） 麝香（二分半） 地龙（去泥土净，一两）
上为细末，再研千余下，糯米糊丸，如梧桐子大，每服一丸或二丸，多至三丸，温酒下。服药后微汗，神验。
加味四物汤（元戎） 治瘀血腰痛。
本方加桃仁泥、酒红花二味，煎服。
安肾丸（三因） 治肾虚腰痛。
破故纸（炒） 胡芦芭（炒） 茴香（炒） 川苦楝（炒） 续断（炒，各三两） 桃仁（炒） 杏仁（炒） 山
药茯苓（各二两）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，盐汤下。
如神散（三因） 治挫闪腰痛，甚者不过三服平安。
川归 肉桂 玄胡索（各等分，杵碎，炒）
上为细末，每服二钱，热酒调下。或细切，酒煎亦可。
独活寄生汤（三因） 治因肾虚，坐卧冷湿，当风所得。
独活（一钱） 桑寄生 杜仲（炒） 细辛 牛膝 秦艽 茯苓 白芍药 桂心 川芎 防风 甘草（炙） 人参 熟
地黄 当归（各五分）
上细切，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，空心温服。
五积散（局方） 治寒湿及清痰流注经络，腰膝背胁疼痛。
白芷 川芎 桔梗 芍药 陈皮 浓朴（姜制，炒） 茯苓（去皮） 甘草 麻黄 干姜（炮） 官桂 川归 半
夏（汤泡七次，去皮脐） 苍术（米泔浸五、七日） 枳壳（各五分）
上细切，作一服，加生姜三片，水二盏，煎至一盏，温服。
（丹溪活套）云∶凡因房劳辛苦而腰痛者，四物汤加知母、黄柏、五味子、杜仲之类，吞补肾丸或大补阴丸。因风
寒湿流注经络而作痛者，二陈汤加麻黄、苍术、川芎、白芷、防风、羌活、独活之类。因挫闪跌扑，致死血流于本经而
作痛者，四物汤加桃仁、红花、苏木之类。脉实人壮盛者，大承气汤加桂下之安。有因醉饱入房太甚，而酒食之积乘虚
流入于本经，致腰痛难以俯仰，四物汤合二陈汤加麦 、神曲、杜仲、黄柏、官桂、砂仁、葛花、桔梗之类。
Treatise
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: Pathology of the Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian causes lower back pain, radiating to the neck, spine, buttocks, and back, with a sensation of heaviness. Shaoyang gallbladder meridian lower back pain feels like needles pricking the skin; movement is sluggish and difficult, unable to bend forward or backward, nor turn the head left or right. Yangming stomach meridian lower back pain prevents turning the head; when attempting to turn, one may see hallucinations and feel prone to sadness. Foot-Shaoyin kidney meridian lower back pain radiates inward along the spine. Foot-Jueyin liver meridian lower back pain makes the waist stiff as if strung like a bowstring. Foot-Taiyin spleen meridian lower back pain involves severe heat causing irritability, a sensation of a horizontal block in the lower waist, and in severe cases, urinary or fecal incontinence. It also says: Abnormal Qi of the Taiyang leads to lower back pain. Deficiency of Juyang (Taiyang) causes pain in the lower back, back, neck, and head; upon disease manifestation, the neck feels as if being pulled out, the spine and waist hurt as if breaking, and the thighs cannot be bent. It also says: The waist is the mansion of the Kidney; inability to twist or rotate indicates the Kidney is about to fail. The *Maijing* (Pulse Classic) states: Any exertion from lifting heavy weights, or excessive sexual intercourse leading to sweating profusely as if bathing, damages the Kidney. Kidney distension presents with abdominal fullness radiating to the back, discomfort, and pain in the waist and thighs. There is also a condition called "Kidney Fixation" (Shenzhuo), characterized by coldness below the waist and a heavy sensation in the waist as if carrying five thousand coins. Regarding lower back pain syndromes, although manifestations differ among the Six Meridians, and injuries from sprains/bruises or Kidney Fixation vary, whether due to blood stasis, wind-cold, or damp-phlegm flowing and depositing, the causes are numerous. Tracing their origin, they are not necessarily unrelated to excessive sexual activity or strain from carrying heavy loads, as the classics state: "Where pathogenic factors gather, Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) must be deficient." Treatment methods: For deficiency, use tonification, selecting herbs such as Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Tusizi (Cuscuta Seed), Tiandong (Asparagus Tuber), and Shudihuang (Rehmannia Root). For wind, use dispersal, selecting Mahuang (Ephedra Herb), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), and Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root). For cold, use warming, selecting Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root), and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). For sprains/bruises, use promoting circulation and resolving stasis, selecting Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Sumu (Sappan Wood), Ruxiang (Frankincense), Moyao (Myrrh), Taoren (Peach Seed), and Honghua (Carthamus Flower). For blood stasis, use purging stasis, selecting Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Qianniu (Morning Glory Seed), Taoren (Peach Seed), Shuizhi (Leech), and Mengchong (Buckwheat Beetle). For damp-phlegm flowing and depositing, use resolving and guiding out, selecting Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Fuxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Juhong (Citrus Peel), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), and Fuling (Poria). Treatments should be deduced according to categories; one must not adhere rigidly to a single theory.
Pulse Diagnosis
The *Maijing* (Pulse Classic) states: A deep Chi pulse indicates lower back and back pain. In cases of lower back pain accompanied by frequent seminal emission and reduced appetite, if the pulse is deep, slippery, and slow, it is treatable.
Pulses associated with lower back pain are generally deep and wiry. Deep, wiry, and tight indicates cold; deep, wiry, and floating indicates wind; deep, wiry, moist, and fine indicates dampness; deep, wiry, and excess/solid indicates sprain/bruise injury.
Zhu Danxi states: The pulse must be deep and wiry. Deep indicates stagnation; wiry indicates deficiency. Choppy indicates blood stasis; moderate/slow indicates dampness; slippery and hidden indicates phlegm; large indicates Kidney deficiency.
Methods
Zhu Danxi states: Lower back pain arises from Kidney deficiency, blood stasis, damp-heat, sprain/bruise, or phlegm. None of these types of lower back pain should be treated with Qi-tonifying herbs, nor should harsh cold-clearing herbs be used aggressively.
For Kidney deficiency lower back pain, use Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Guiban (Tortoise Shell), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Gouqizi (Goji Berry), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), taken with Pig Spinal Marrow Pills.
For blood stasis, promote blood circulation and regulate Qi using Buyin Wan (Nourish Yin Pill) plus Taoren (Peach Seed) and Honghua (Carthamus Flower). Externally, bleed at the Weizhong (BL40) acupoint using a three-edged needle, because blood stasis resides in the lower jiao.
For dampness, dry dampness and move Qi using Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), and Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong).
Master Dai states: Unrelenting pain indicates Kidney deficiency. Pain lighter during the day and heavier at night indicates blood stasis. Pain triggered by cloudy weather or prolonged sitting indicates dampness.
For phlegm, use Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizome) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), assisted by Qi-moving herbs to ensure phlegm moves with Qi.
For inability to straighten the waist curvature, needling Weizhong (BL40) cures immediately.
In Kidney Fixation disease, the body feels heavy, the waist is cold as ice, diet remains normal, urination is spontaneous, and there is cold pain and heaviness below the waist. Treatment should focus on draining dampness combined with warming herbs.
(Above are seven methods from Zhu Danxi.)
Shenzhuo Tang (from *San Yin Fang*) treats Kidney Fixation lower back pain.
Ganjiang (Paeoniae Radix Alba processed/Ginger processed) 1.5 qian, Fuling (Poria) 1.5 qian, Gancao (Licorice Root roasted) 0.5 qian, Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) 2.5 qian.
Take 4 qian per dose, decoct in water and take orally.
Qing'e Wan (from *San Yin Fang*) treats Kidney deficiency lower back pain; regular use strengthens sinews and tonifies deficiency.
Duzhong (Eucommia Bark) 1 jin (roasted), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 10 liang (roasted), Poguzhi (Psoralea Fruit/Cuscuta Seed alias) 1 jin (roasted).
Grind into fine powder. Use 120 walnut meats, soak in hot water to remove skins/membranes, grind into paste. Add a little refined honey to form pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, washed down with salt water or ginger water.
Li'an Wan (from *San Yin Fang*) treats five types of lower back pain. Regular use warms and tonifies Kidney Yuan, strengthening the waist and legs.
Poguzhi (Psoralea Fruit) (roasted), Gan Mugua (Dried Chaenomelis Fructus) 1.5 liang each, Niuxi (Achyranthes Root) (wine-washed) 1 liang, Bibi (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) 2 liang, Duzhong (Eucommia Bark) (fried with ginger juice until fibers break), Xuduan (Dipsacus Root) 1 liang each.
Grind into fine powder, refine honey to form pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 50 pills per dose with warm wine.
Buguzhi Wan (from *Ju Fang*) treats Kidney deficiency and all lower back pain caused by cold-dampness.
Bibi (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) 4 liang (one liang soaked in child's urine, one liang in rice wash water, one liang in salt water, one liang in wine, each for one day and night), Duzhong (Eucommia Bark) 4 liang (roasted until fibers break), Buguzhi (Psoralea Fruit) 3 liang (roasted until fragrant), Hetaorou (Walnut Meat) 8 liang (soaked to remove grease, ground separately into mud).
Grind the first three ingredients into fine powder without touching iron. Add walnut meat and pound with a wooden pestle over a thousand times. Form pills with glutinous rice paste; in autumn/winter, use refined honey. Size of mulberry seeds. Take 50 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine, followed by dry food to settle the medicine.
Duhuo Decoction (by Li Dongyuan) treats labor-induced lower back pain feeling like breaking.
Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) (remove root crown), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) (remove root crown), Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root) (remove root crown), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) (remove hairs), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) (remove rough bark) 3 qian each, Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) (wine-soaked and baked), Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 qian each, Chuangui (Angelica Sinensis) 5 qian, Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit) 5 qian, Fangji (Stephania Root) (wine-fried), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (wine-fried) 2 qian each, Taoren (Peach Seed) 30 pieces (ground).
Take 1 liang per dose, decoct in a mixture of wine and water.
Moyao Dan (Waist Rubbing Pill) treats cold-heat lower back pain.
Fuzijian (Tip of Aconite Lateral Root), Wutoujian (Tip of Aconite Root), Tian Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizome) 2.5 qian each, Zhusha (Cinnabar), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) 1 qian each, Xionghuang (Realgar), Zhangnao (Camphor), Dingxiang (Clove) 1.5 qian each, Shexiang (Musk) (5 grains).
Grind into powder, form pills the size of longan fruits with honey. Use one pill per application, dissolve in fresh ginger juice to a thick porridge consistency, heat, place in palm, and rub onto the waist. When cool and sticking to the skin, bind with heated cotton clothing. The waist will feel fiery hot. Apply once every three days for excellent results. Can add Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit) or Guipi (Cinnamon Bark).
Wei Shen Wan (Stewed Kidney Pill) (from *Ju Fang*) treats Kidney deficiency lower back pain.
Duzhong (Eucommia Bark) 3 qian (roasted until fibers break).
Grind into fine powder. Take one pig kidney, slice thinly into 5-7 pieces, marinate with pepper and salt to remove fishy smell. Stuff with powder, wrap in lotus leaf, then wrap externally with two to three layers of wet paper. Slow-fire stew until cooked. Take with non-intoxicating wine.
Bushen Wan (Tonify Kidney Pill) (by Zhu Danxi) treats Kidney deficiency lower back pain. (Formula see Deficiency Damage Section.)
Cangzhu Tang (Atractylodes Decoction) (by Zhu Danxi) treats damp-heat lower back and leg pain.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) 1 qian each, Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) 2 qian, Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) 3 qian.
Cut finely, make one dose. Decoct in 1.5 cups of water until 1 cup remains. Strain and take warm.
Chuanxiong Rougui Tang (Ligusticum and Cinnamon Decoction) (by Li Dongyuan) treats lower back pain due to blood stasis in the Foot-Taiyang, Foot-Shaoyin, and Foot-Shaoyang meridians.
Han Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra Root), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) (remove root crown) 3 qian each, Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) (roasted), Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root) 0.5 qian each, Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Danggui Shao (Tip of Angelica Sinensis Root), Gancao (Licorice Root) (roasted), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) 1 qian each, Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) 1.5 qian, Taoren (Peach Seed) 5 pieces (remove skin/tip, grind separately).
Cut finely, make one dose. Decoct in 3 cups of good wine until 1 cup remains. Strain and take slightly warm, far from meals.
Dilong San (Earthworm Powder) (by Li Dongyuan) treats lumbar spine pain, or pain from blows/falls, or falling from heights, where evil blood stays in the Taiyang meridian causing lumbar spine pain, or unbearable pain in the thighs/calves.
Danggui Shao (Tip of Angelica Sinensis Root) 2 fen, Zhonggui (Cinnamon Twig), Dilong (Pheretima Earthworm) 4 fen each (stir-fry with salt water), Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) 5 fen, Sumu (Sappan Wood) 6 fen, Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (salt-wine fry), Gancao (Licorice Root) 8 fen each, Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) 1.2 qian, Taoren (Peach Seed) 6 pieces (remove skin/tip, grind to mud).
Cut finely, make one dose. Decoct in 2 cups of water until 1 cup remains. Strain and take warm.
Niantong Tang (Relieve Pain Decoction) (by Li Dongyuan) treats diseases caused by damp-heat: heavy shoulders/back, pain in joints/waist/flanks, and chest/diaphragm discomfort.
Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) 4 fen, Renshen (Ginseng Root) (remove crown), Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Kushen (Sophora Root) (wine-fried), Gegen (Pueraria Root), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) 5 fen each, Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) (remove crown), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (remove hairs, wine-wash), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Zhuling (Polyporus) (remove skin), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) 6 fen each, Gancao (Licorice Root) (roasted), Sheng Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) (wine-wash), Yichen (Artemisia Capillaris), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) 8 fen each.
Cut finely, make one dose. Decoct in 2 cups of water until 1 cup remains. Strain and take warm.
Cangzhu Fujian San (Atractylodes Re-decoction Powder) (by Li Dongyuan) treats combination of cold-dampness: occipital pain, aversion to cold, stiffness of neck tendons/spine, shoulder/back/knee pain, lower back pain, weak knee cap pain, heavy gait.
Honghua (Carthamus Flower) 1 fen, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) 3 fen, Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) (remove crown), Gaoben (Ligusticum Wallichii Rhizome), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) 5 fen each, Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) 1 qian, Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) 4 liang.
Cut finely. First decoct Cangzhu alone in 3 large cups of water until 2 cups remain. Strain, add remaining herbs, re-decoct until 1 cup remains. Strain and take slightly warm on an empty stomach. Effect indicated by slight sweating. Avoid alcohol and damp wheat products.
Yili Jin Dan (One Pill Golden Elixir) (by Liu Hejian) treats wandering pain in waist/knees, like tiger bites, unbearable.
Caowutou (Processed Aconitum Carmichaelii Lateral Root) (processed), Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung) 4 liang each, Mubiezi (Momordica Seed) (shell removed) 1 liang, Baijiaoxiang (Elemi Resin) 2 liang, Ruxiang (Frankincense) 2.5 qian, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) 5 qian, Jingmo (Beijing Ink) 2.5 qian, Moyao (Myrrh) 5 qian, Shexiang (Musk) 2.5 fen, Dilong (Pheretima Earthworm) (cleaned) 1 liang.
Grind into fine powder, grind again over a thousand times. Form pills with glutinous rice paste, size of mulberry seeds. Take 1-2 pills, up to 3, with warm wine. Slight sweating after taking is effective.
Jiawei Siwu Tang (Modified Four Substances Decoction) (by Zhang Yuansu) treats blood stasis lower back pain.
Add Taoren Mud (Peach Seed Paste) and Jiuhonghua (Wine-processed Carthamus Flower) to this formula, decoct and take.
Anshen Wan (Peace Kidney Pill) (from *San Yin Fang*) treats Kidney deficiency lower back pain.
Poguzhi (Psoralea Fruit) (roasted), Huluba (Trigonella Foenum-graecum Seed) (roasted), Huixiang (Fennel Fruit) (roasted), Chuan Koulou (Melia Toosendan Fruit) (roasted), Xuduan (Dipsacus Root) (roasted) 3 liang each, Taoren (Peach Seed) (roasted), Xingren (Apricot Seed) (roasted), Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome), Fuling (Poria) 2 liang each.
Grind into fine powder, refine honey to form pills size of mulberry seeds. Take 50 pills per dose with salt water.
Rushen San (Miraculous Powder) (from *San Yin Fang*) treats sprain/bruise lower back pain; severe cases resolve within three doses.
Chuangui (Angelica Sinensis), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) equal parts (crushed, roasted).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with hot wine. Or cut finely and decoct in wine.
Duhuo Jisheng Tang (Angelica Pubescens and Taxillus Decoction) (from *San Yin Fang*) treats lower back pain due to Kidney deficiency, sitting/lying in cold dampness, exposure to wind.
Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root) 1 qian, Sangjisheng (Taxillus Branch), Duzhong (Eucommia Bark) (roasted), Xixin (Asarum Root), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), Fuling (Poria), Baishao (White Peony Root), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Gancao (Licorice Root) (roasted), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Shudihuang (Rehmannia Root), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) 0.5 qian each.
Cut finely, make one dose. Decoct in 2 cups of water until 1 cup remains. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach.
Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) (from *Ju Fang*) treats cold-dampness and clear phlegm flowing into meridians, causing pain in waist/knees/back/flanks.
Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Shaoyao (Peony Root), Chenpi (Citrus Peel), Houpo (Magnolia Bark) (ginger-processed, roasted), Fuling (Poria) (skin removed), Gancao (Licorice Root), Mahuang (Ephedra Herb), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (roasted), Guanyi (Official Cinnamon), Chuangui (Angelica Sinensis), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) (boiled 7 times, skin/navel removed), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) (soaked in rice wash water 5-7 days), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange) 0.5 qian each.
Cut finely, make one dose. Add 3 slices of fresh ginger, 2 cups of water. Decoct until 1 cup remains. Take warm.
(Zhu Danxi's Flexible Methods) states: For lower back pain due to sexual fatigue and hard work, use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), etc., swallowing Bushen Wan (Tonify Kidney Pill) or Dabu Yin Wan (Great Tonify Yin Pill). For pain due to wind-cold-damp flowing into meridians, use Erchen Tang (Two Aged Herbs Decoction) plus Mahuang (Ephedra Herb), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root), etc. For pain due to sprains/falls causing death-blood in the meridian, use Siwu Tang plus Taoren (Peach Seed), Honghua (Carthamus Flower), Sumu (Sappan Wood), etc. For patients with excess pulses and robust constitution, use Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) plus Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) to purge and stabilize. For pain due to excessive drinking/eating followed by sex, where food/alcohol accumulation enters the meridian via deficiency causing inability to bend/extend, use Siwu Tang combined with Erchen Tang plus Maiya (Germinated Hordeen Grain), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Guanyi (Official Cinnamon), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Gegua (Pueraria Flower), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), etc.