肝之合筋也，其荣爪也。（全文见五脏。）肝热者，色苍而爪枯。（全文见痿。）多食辛，则筋急而
爪枯。（全文见五脏。）
〔丹〕头痛多主于痰，痛甚者火多，有可吐者，亦有可下者。
〔垣〕金匮真言论云∶东风生于春，病在肝，俞在颈项，故春气者病在头。又诸阳会于头面，如足太阳膀
胱之脉，起于目内 ，上额交巅，直入络脑，还出别下项，病冲头痛；又足少阳胆之脉，起于目锐 ，上抵头
角，病则头角额痛。夫风从上受之，风寒伤上，邪从外入，客经络，令人振寒头痛，身重恶寒，治在风池、风府。
调其阴阳，不足则补，有余则泻，汗之则愈，此伤寒头痛也。（治法见伤寒条。）头痛耳鸣，九窍不利者，
肠胃之所生，乃气虚头痛也。（治法见气虚条。）如气上不下，头痛巅疾者，下虚上实也，过在足少阴巨阳，
甚则入肾，寒湿头痛也。（治法见寒湿条。）有厥逆头痛者，所犯大寒，内至骨髓，髓以脑为主，脑逆故令
头痛，齿亦痛。（治见寒条。）有心烦头痛者，病在膈中，过在手巨阳少阴，乃湿热头痛也。（治见实条。）
头痛，分三阴三阳。（见阴阳条。）
诸血虚头痛，当归、川芎主之。诸气虚头痛，人参、黄 主之。主者，主治也，兼见何证，以佐使药治之，
此立方之大法也。血气俱虚头痛者，于调中益气汤，加川芎、蔓荆子、细辛，其效如神。诸湿厥头痛，清空膏
主之。（即风湿热头痛也，方见湿气条。）诸痰厥头痛，半夏白术天麻汤主之。（方见脾土条。）诸厥逆
头痛，羌活附子汤主之。（方见寒条。）如湿热在头者，以苦吐之，不可执方而治。（方见实条。）
〔海〕三阳头痛。
羌活 防风 荆芥 升麻 葛根 白芷 柴胡 川芎 芍药 细辛 葱白连须（分两旋加）
阴证头痛，只用温中药，如理中、姜附之类也。
〔垣〕凡头痛，皆以风药治之者，总其大体而言之也。高巅之上，惟风可到，故味之薄者，阴中之阳，自
地升天者也，然亦有三阴三阳之异。太阳经头痛，恶风寒，脉浮紧，川芎、独活之类为主。少阳经头痛，脉弦
细，往来寒热，柴胡、黄芩主之。阳明经头痛，自汗发热，不恶寒，脉浮缓长实者，升麻、葛根、石膏、白芷
主之。太阴经头痛，必有痰体重，或腹痛为痰癖，脉沉缓者，苍术、半夏、南星主之。少阴经头痛，三阴三阳
经不流行，而足寒气逆为寒厥，其脉沉细，麻黄附子细辛汤主之。厥阴经头疼，项痛，或吐痰沫冷厥，其脉浮
缓，吴茱萸汤主之。（方见伤寒。）
清空膏 治偏正头痛，年深不愈者，及疗风湿热头痛上壅损目，及脑痛年深不止。
羌活 防风（各一两） 柴胡（七钱） 川芎（五钱） 甘草（炙，一两半） 黄连（炒，一两） 黄芩
（三两，一半酒制，一半炒）
上为细末，每服二钱，热盏内入茶少许，汤调如膏，抹在口内，少用白汤送下。临卧如苦头痛，每服中加
细辛二钱。如太阴脉缓有痰，名曰痰厥头痛，加羌活、防风、川芎、甘草，又加半夏一两半。如偏正头痛，
服之不愈，减羌活、防风、川芎一半，加柴胡一倍。如发热、恶热而渴，正阳明头痛，只与白虎汤加白芷。
东垣云∶诸湿热头痛，清空膏主之。丹溪云∶东垣清空膏，诸般头痛皆治，惟血虚头痛从鱼尾相连痛者不
治。又云∶治少阳头痛，如痛在太阳厥阴者勿用，盖谓头巅痛也。
〔丹〕小清空膏 治诸般头痛，惟血虚头痛不治。用片芩细切，酒拌匀，晒干，为末，茶清调下，酒亦可。
〔垣〕清上泻火汤 昔有人年少时气弱，于气海、三里节次，约灸五七百壮，至年老添热厥头痛，虽冬天
大寒，犹喜风寒，其头痛便愈，微来暖处，或见烟火，其痛复作，五七年不愈，皆灸之过也。
羌活（三钱） 防风（七分） 升麻（七分） 柴胡（五分） 本（半钱） 细辛（少许） 川芎（二
分） 荆芥（二分） 苍术（三分） 蔓荆子（二分） 黄芩（酒制，一钱半） 黄连（酒制，半钱）
黄柏（酒制，一钱） 甘草（五分） 知母（酒制，一钱半） 当归（三分） 生地（半钱） 黄 （一
钱） 红花（少许）
上锉如麻豆大。分作二服，每服水二盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，食远。
补气汤 服前药之后，服此药。
黄 （八分） 甘草（炙） 归身（各二钱） 柴胡 升麻（各二分） 细辛（少许） 麻黄（炒） 苦
丁香（各半钱）
水煎服。
安神散 治头旋眼黑头痛。
羌活（一两） 防风（二钱半） 柴胡（五钱） 升麻（五分） 酒黄柏（一两） 酒知母（五钱） 酒生
地（半两） 黄 （一两） 甘草（炙，三钱） 生甘草（三钱）
上 咀，每服半两，水二大盏，煎至一盏半，加蔓荆子半钱，川芎三分，再煎至一盏，临卧去渣热服。
上东垣丹溪治虚热头痛，大率皆以酒芩、酒连、酒柏加风剂也。
〔罗〕川芎散 治头风，偏正头痛，昏眩。
川芎 细辛 羌活 槐花 甘草（炙） 香附子 石膏（炙，半两） 荆芥 薄荷 菊花 防风 茵陈（各一两）
上为细末，每服二钱，食后茶清调下，日三服。
石膏散 治头疼不可忍。
麻黄（去根节） 石膏（各一两） 何首乌（半两） 葛根（七钱半）
上为细末，每服三钱，生姜三片，水煎稍热服。
石膏散 治头疼。
川芎 石膏（乱纹好者） 白芷
上各等分为细末，每服四钱，热茶清调下。
〔《本》〕荆芥散 治头风。（王太医方。）
荆芥 石膏（ 存性，等分）
上为细末，每服二钱，姜三片，葱白三寸，和须，使水一盏，煎至七分，食后服。
治丈夫妇人，风虚头疼，气虚头疼，妇人胎前产后伤风头疼，一切头疼，并皆治之。
茵陈（拣净，五两） 麻黄 石膏（ 存性。各二两）
上为末，每服一钱，腊茶调下，食后服，服毕仰卧霎时。
玉真丸 治肾气不足，气逆上行，头疼不可忍，谓之肾厥，其脉举之则弦，按之则坚。
硫黄（二两） 石膏（ 通赤，研） 半夏（汤洗） 硝石（研。各一两）
上为细末，研匀，生姜汁糊为丸，如桐子大，阴干。每服二十丸，姜汤或米饮下，更灸关元百壮。良方中
黄丸子亦佳。虚寒甚者，去石膏，用钟乳粉一两。
《素问》云∶头疼巅疾，下虚上实，过在足少阴巨阳，甚则入肾。徇蒙招尤。目眩耳聋，下实上虚，过在足
少阳厥阴，甚则入肝。下虚者肾虚也，故肾虚则头痛。上虚者肝虚也，故肝虚则头晕。徇蒙者，如以物蒙其首，
招摇不定，目眩耳聋，皆晕之状也。故肝厥头晕，肾厥巅痛，不同如此。（治肝厥。钩藤散见眩门。）
神妙丸 治头疼及脑风。
食盐 硫黄（各等分）
上为末，水调生面为丸，如桐子大。每服十五丸，用薄荷茶，食前，下荆芥酒亦得。
〔丹〕孙兆口诀。治头疼，附子炮，石膏 ，等分为末，入脑麝少许，酒茶下半钱，妙。
上硫、附中加石膏之剂。
治头风如神。附子一枚，生去皮脐，用绿豆一协议煮，豆熟为度，去附子，只吃豆，立瘥。每附子一枚，
可煮五次后，末服之。（《修真秘要》）
〔《本》〕治气虚头疼，用大附子一枚，剜去心，入全蝎二个在内，取前附子末，同钟乳一分，面少许，
水和裹炮熟，却研为末，以焦黄为度，葱茶调下，一钱或半钱。
又方 用大附子（一枚，和皮脐生为末） 大川芎（一个，锉作四片）
以水和附子末，如面剂，裹川芎，作四处，如附子末少，入少面裹毕，以针穿数孔子，用真脑麝熏其穴内，
觉附香再捻合穴子。如未觉内有香，即再熏一炷。细罗成灰，用铫子内热灰，炮熟末之，每服半钱，葱茶调
下，不拘时候。（上泗医杨吉老二方，神效。）
上附子纯热例。
〔《素》〕帝曰∶人有病头痛数岁不已，此安得之？名为何病？岐伯曰∶当有所犯大寒，内至骨髓，髓以
脑为主，脑逆故令头痛，齿亦痛，病名曰厥逆。（奇病论）
〔垣〕羌活附子汤 治冬月大寒犯脑，令人脑痛齿亦痛，名曰脑风，出奇病论中。
防风（二分） 黄 （一钱） 麻黄（一钱） 苍术（半钱） 升麻（二分） 甘草（二分） 黑附
子（一分） 羌活（半钱） 白芷 白僵蚕 黄柏（各三分）
上 咀，水煎去渣，温服，食后。若有寒嗽，加佛耳草三分。
〔罗〕川芎神功散 治风热上攻，偏正头痛，无问微甚久新，并皆治之。
川芎（一两） 甘草（二钱半） 川乌（生，去皮脐） 白芷 天南星 麻黄（去根。各半两）
上为末，每服三钱，水二盏，生姜三片，煎至七分，投清酒半盏，和渣温服，密室避风，如人行五七里，
再服，汗出为度，其病立愈。
救苦神白散 治男子妇人，偏正头痛，眉骨两太阳穴痛，及热上攻头目，目赤不已，项筋拘急，耳作蝉鸣。
川芎 甘草（炙。各八钱） 甘松（去土） 赤芍药 白芷 两头尖 川乌头（去皮脐。各六钱）
上为细末，每服二钱，温茶调下，服药后，饮熟水半盏。
〔《本》〕治一切头疼，黑龙丸。
天南星（洗） 川乌（各半斤。黑豆拌，蒸三次） 石膏（半两） 麻黄 薄荷（各四两） 本 白芷
（各二两） 京墨（两半）
上为细末，炼蜜杵丸弹子大，每服一丸，薄荷茶汤调下。
治伤寒头疼，太阳头疼，及一切头疼。
川乌（炮） 草乌（各半两） 麻黄 川芎 防风 羌活（各一两半） 地龙（去土） 全蝎（一个）
雄黄（三钱）
上为细末，每服半钱，食后茶清调下。
〔垣〕麻黄吴茱萸汤 治头痛胸中痛，食减少，咽嗌不利，寒冷，脉左寸弦急。
麻黄（半钱） 吴茱萸（三分） 黄芩（二分） 川乌（一分） 羌活（五分） 细辛（少许） 蔓荆
子（一分） 本 柴胡 黄 （各二分） 苍术（一钱） 黄连（二分） 半夏（一分） 黄柏 升
麻（各二分） 红花（少许） 当归（二分）
上 咀，作一服，水二大盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，食后。
〔丹〕东阳陈兄，露筋骨，体稍长，患体虚而劳，头痛甚，至有诀别之言。予察其脉，弦大而带数。以人参
为君，川芎、陈皮为佐，至五六日未减，众皆讶之，以药之不对也。予曰∶药力有次第，更少俟一二宿，当自
安。忽其季来问曰∶何不少加黄 。予不答。又经一宿，忽自言病顿愈。予脉之，觉指下稍盛。又半日，病者
言，胸上满，不觉饥。视其腹纹已隐矣。予曰∶药中莫加黄 否？曰∶然。止与三帖。遂连与二陈汤，加浓朴、
枳壳、黄连以泻其卫，三帖而安。
血虚头痛，自鱼尾上攻头痛，必用川芎当归汤。（眉尖后近发际曰鱼尾。）
〔《大》〕一奇散 治血虚头痛神妙。（即芎归汤也，方见产头痛。）
又方 用川芎半两为末，每服二钱，腊茶调下甚效。曾有产后头痛者，一服即愈。
〔《外》〕治头痛欲裂，当归一两，酒一升，煮取六合，饮至醉，效。
〔《素》〕头痛耳鸣，九窍不利，肠胃之所生也。（通评虚实论东垣云∶此气虚头痛也，用人参、黄 主之。）
〔《罗》〕气虚头痛治验参谋柏仲实，年六十一岁，二月间患头痛不可忍，昼夜不得眠，邀往视之。其人云∶近
在燕京，患头昏闷微痛，医作伤寒解之，汗出后痛转加，复汗解，病转加而头愈痛，遂归，每召医用药雷同，
到今痛甚，不得安卧，恶风寒而不喜饮食。诊其脉弦细而微，气短而促，懒言语。《内经》曰∶春气者，病在头，
今年高气弱，清气不能上升，头面故昏闷，此病本无表邪，因发汗数四清阳之气愈亏损，不能上荣，亦不能
外固，所以头苦痛而恶风寒，不喜饮食，气短弱。宜升阳补气，头痛自愈。名之曰顺气和中汤。
黄 （钱半） 人参（一钱） 白术（五分） 陈皮（三分） 当归（五分） 芍药（五分） 甘
草（炙，三分） 升麻（三分） 蔓荆子（二分） 柴胡（三分） 川芎（二分） 细辛（二分）
《内经》曰∶阳气者，卫外而为固也。今年高气弱，又加发汗，卫外之气愈损。故黄 甘温，补卫实表为君。
人参甘温，当归辛温，补气补血，芍药味酸，收卫气为臣。白术、陈皮、炙甘草苦甘，温养卫气，生发阳气，
上实皮毛腠理为佐。柴胡、升麻苦辛，引少阳阳明之气上升，通百脉，灌溉周身者也。川芎、蔓荆子、细辛
辛温，体轻浮，清利空窍为使。
上件 咀，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，食后。服之减半，再服而愈。
〔垣〕调中益气汤加川芎、蔓荆子、细辛，治气血俱虚头痛。（方见治法门。）
〔子和〕青黛散 治头风。
猪牙皂角 玄胡索（一分） 青黛（少许）
上为细末，水调豆许，鼻内灌之，其涎自出。先仰卧灌鼻，俟喉中酸味，即起身涎出，口咬铜钱一文，任流下。
〔丹〕头痛搐鼻取涎。
荜茇 川芎 薄荷 白芷 细辛（各等分）
为末，入猪胆内，与汁拌匀，阴干，再为末。用无根水为丸，如绿豆大，青黛为衣。每一丸，茶清化灌鼻
The liver is harmonized with the sinews, and its luster manifests in the nails. (See full text in the chapter on Five Zang Organs.) When there is heat in the liver, the complexion is dark green and the nails are dry and brittle. (See full text in the chapter on Flaccidity Syndromes.) Excessive consumption of pungent foods leads to taut sinews and dry, brittle nails. (See full text in the chapter on Five Zang Organs.)
[Zhu Danxi] Headaches are mostly caused by phlegm; severe pain often involves fire. Some cases can be treated with emesis, while others may require purgation.
[Li Dongyuan] The *Jingui Zhenyan Lun* states: "East wind arises in spring, causing disease in the liver, with acupoints at the neck and nape; thus, spring qi diseases manifest in the head." Furthermore, all Yang meridians converge on the head and face. For instance, the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian originates from the inner canthus, ascends to the forehead, crosses the vertex, enters the brain, emerges, descends separately to the nape, and when pathogenic factors strike, it causes headache. The Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian originates from the outer canthus, ascends to the temporal angle, and upon pathology, causes pain in the temporal and frontal regions. Wind pathogens invade from above; wind-cold damages the upper body, external pathogens enter and lodge in the collaterals, causing chills, headache, heaviness of the body, and aversion to cold. Treatment involves Fengchi (GB20) and Fengfu (GV16). Harmonize Yin and Yang; tonify deficiency, drain excess. Diaphoresis leads to recovery; this is headache due to Cold Damage (*Shanghan*). (For treatment methods, see the Shanghan section.) Headache accompanied by tinnitus and dysfunction of the nine orifices arises from the stomach and intestines; this is Qi-deficiency headache. (For treatment methods, see the Qi-deficiency section.) If Qi rebels upward without descending, causing cephalalgia and vertigo, it is a syndrome of lower deficiency and upper excess, involving the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney and Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridians; severely, it affects the Kidneys, constituting Cold-Dampness headache. (For treatment methods, see the Cold-Dampness section.) There is Jue-ni headache caused by exposure to severe cold, which penetrates to the bone marrow. Since marrow governs the brain, rebellious brain Qi causes headache and toothache. (For treatment methods, see the Cold section.) Heart irritability with headache indicates pathology in the diaphragm, involving the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine and Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridians, constituting Damp-Heat headache. (For treatment methods, see the Excess section.) Headaches are classified into the Three Yin and Three Yang meridians. (See the Yin-Yang section.)
For various blood-deficiency headaches, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) are primarily used. For various Qi-deficiency headaches, Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) are primarily used. "Primary use" refers to the main therapeutic agents; accompanying symptoms are treated with assistant and guide herbs. This is the general principle of formula construction. For headaches due to combined Qi and Blood deficiency, add Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus), and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) to Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang (Regulate the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction); the effect is miraculous. For various dampness-induced Jue-ni headaches, Qingkong Gao (Clear the Empty Paste) is primarily used. (This is Damp-Wind-Heat headache; see the Dampness section for the formula.) For various phlegm-induced Jue-ni headaches, Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Gastrodia Decoction) is primarily used. (See the Spleen-Earth section for the formula.) For various Jue-ni headaches, Qianghuo Fuzi Tang (Notopterygium and Aconite Decoction) is primarily used. (See the Cold section for the formula.) If Damp-Heat is in the head, use bitter herbs to induce vomiting; do not adhere rigidly to one formula. (See the Excess section for the formula.)
[Wang Haizang] Three Yang Headaches.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Congbai Lianxu (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus cum radice) (Dosages adjusted according to condition).
For Yin-pattern headaches, use only warming middle-jiao herbs, such as Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or Jiangfu Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction).
[Li Dongyuan] Stating that all headaches are treated with wind-dispelling herbs is a generalization. The high peak of the head can only be reached by wind herbs; therefore, herbs with thin flavors belong to Yin within Yang, rising from earth to heaven. However, distinctions among the Three Yin and Three Yang exist. Taiyang meridian headache presents with aversion to wind and cold, floating-tight pulse; Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Duohuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) are primary. Shaoyang meridian headache presents with wiry-thin pulse and alternating chills and fever; Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) are primary. Yangming meridian headache presents with spontaneous sweating, fever, no aversion to cold, and floating-slow-long-excess pulse; Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), and Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) are primary. Taiyin meridian headache necessarily involves phlegm and body heaviness, or abdominal pain due to phlegm-stagnation, with a sinking-slow pulse; Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), and Nanting (Arisaematis Cum Bile) are primary. Shaoyin meridian headache involves non-circulation of Qi in the Three Yin and Three Yang meridians, with cold feet and rebellious Qi constituting Cold-Jue, and a sinking-thin pulse; Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asari Decoction) is primarily used. Jueyin meridian headache involves neck pain, or expectoration of cold froth and cold-Jue, with a floating-slow pulse; Wuzhuyu Tang (Evodiae Fructus Decoction) is primarily used. (See the Shanghan section for the formula.)
Qingkong Gao (Clear the Empty Paste) treats lateral and central headaches persisting for years, as well as Damp-Wind-Heat headache obstructing upwards damaging the eyes, and chronic brain pain.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (each 1 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (7 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey) (1.5 liang), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (stir-fried, 1 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang, half wine-processed, half stir-fried).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose. Add a little tea to a warm cup, mix with boiling water to form a paste, apply to the mouth, and swallow with a small amount of plain water. If headache is severe before sleep, add 2 qian of Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) to each dose. If the Taiyin pulse is slow with phlegm, named Phlegm-Jue Headache, add Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey), and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) (1.5 liang). If lateral/central headaches do not resolve after taking this, reduce Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) by half, and double Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix). If fever, aversion to heat, and thirst occur, indicating Yangming headache, prescribe Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) with added Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).
Dongyuan stated: Qingkong Gao (Clear the Empty Paste) is primary for all Damp-Heat headaches. Danxi stated: Dongyuan's Qingkong Gao (Clear the Empty Paste) treats all types of headaches, except blood-deficiency headaches where pain connects from the fish-tail area. He also stated: It treats Shaoyang headaches; if pain is in the Taiyang or Jueyin areas (specifically the vertex), it should not be used.
[Zhu Danxi] Xiao Qingkong Gao (Small Clear the Empty Paste) treats all types of headaches, except blood-deficiency headaches. Use Pian Qin (Scutellariae Radix), finely cut, mixed with wine, dried, ground into powder, taken with clear tea or wine.
[Li Dongyuan] Qing Shang Xie Huo Tang (Clear Upper and Drain Fire Decoction) Once, a young man with weak Qi underwent moxibustion at Qihai (CV6) and Zusanli (ST36) sequentially, totaling about 500-700 moxa cones. In old age, he developed Heat-Jue headache. Even in severe winter cold, he preferred wind and cold, which relieved his headache; moving to warmth or seeing smoke/fire triggered it again. Unresolved for 5-7 years, this was due to excessive moxibustion.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (3 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (7 fen), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (7 fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (5 fen), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix) (0.5 qian), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (a little), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (2 fen), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica) (2 fen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (3 fen), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus) (2 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (wine-processed, 1.5 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (wine-processed, 0.5 qian), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (wine-processed, 1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 fen), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (wine-processed, 1.5 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (3 fen), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) (0.5 qian), Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (1 qian), Honghua (Carthami Flos) (a little).
Cut into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Divide into two doses. Each dose with 2 cups of water, decoct to 1 cup, remove dregs, take slightly warm, far from meals.
Buqi Tang (Boost Qi Decoction) Take this after the previous medicine.
Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (8 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey), Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix Caulis) (each 2 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (each 2 fen), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (a little), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (stir-fried), Kudingxiang (Euodiae Fructus) (each 0.5 qian).
Decoct in water and take.
Anshen San (Calming Spirit Powder) Treats vertigo, blurred vision, and headache.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (1 liang), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (2.5 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (5 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (5 fen), Jiuhuangbai (Phellodendri Cortex Wine-Processed) (1 liang), Jiuzhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma Wine-Processed) (5 qian), Jiushengdi (Rehmanniae Radix Wine-Processed) (0.5 liang), Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey) (3 qian), Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Raw) (3 qian).
Cut into pieces. Take 0.5 liang per dose, with 2 large cups of water, decoct to 1.5 cups. Add Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus) (0.5 qian) and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (3 fen), decoct to 1 cup. Remove dregs and take warm before sleep.
Above are Dongyuan and Danxi's treatments for Deficient-Heat headache, generally using wine-processed Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) combined with wind-dispelling agents.
[Luo Qianfu] Chuanxiong San (Ligustici Chuanxiong Powder) Treats Headwind, lateral/central headache, dizziness.
Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Huaihua (Sophorae Flos), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey), Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (calcined, 0.5 liang), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Yichen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) (each 1 liang).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with clear tea after meals, three times daily.
Shigao San (Gypsum Powder) Treats unbearable headache.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (remove roots and nodes), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (each 1 liang), Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix) (0.5 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) (7.5 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose, with 3 slices of fresh ginger, decoct in water, take slightly warm.
Shigao San (Gypsum Powder) Treats headache.
Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (preferably with chaotic grain patterns), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).
Mix equal parts, grind into fine powder. Take 4 qian per dose, with hot clear tea.
[*Bencao*] Jingjie San (Schizonepeta Powder) Treats Headwind. (Prescription from Imperial Physician Wang.)
Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (calcined to retain nature, equal parts).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with 3 slices of ginger, 3 cun of Congbai Lianxu (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus cum radice), 1 cup of water, decoct to 0.7 cup, take after meals.
Treats men and women with Wind-Deficiency headache, Qi-Deficiency headache, women with pre/postpartum Wind-Strike headache, and all types of headache.
Yichen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) (cleaned, 5 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (calcined to retain nature, each 2 liang).
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, with aged tea, after meals. Lie supine for a moment after ingestion.
Yuzhen Wan (Jade True Pill) Treats Kidney Qi insufficiency with rebellious Qi ascending, causing unbearable headache, called Kidney Jue. Pulse is wiry when lifted, firm when pressed.
Liuhuang (Sulfur) (2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (burned red, ground), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) (washed in decoction), Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas) (ground, each 1 liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix evenly. Make pills with fresh ginger juice and paste, size of Sophorae Japonicae Fructus. Dry in shade. Take 20 pills per dose, with ginger decoction or rice drink. Moxibustion on Guanyuan (CV4) 100 cones is recommended. The Huangwan Zi (Yellow Pill) in *Liangfang* is also good. For severe deficiency-cold, remove Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and use Zhongru Fen (Stalactitum Pulveratum) 1 liang.
The *Suwen* states: "Headache and vertex disease, lower deficiency and upper excess, involve the Foot-Shaoyin and Foot-Taiyang meridians; severely, it enters the Kidney. Xunmeng Zhaoyou (dizziness and swaying). Vertigo and deafness, lower excess and upper deficiency, involve the Foot-Shaoyang and Foot-Jueyin meridians; severely, it enters the Liver. Lower deficiency is Kidney deficiency, hence Kidney deficiency causes headache. Upper deficiency is Liver deficiency, hence Liver deficiency causes vertigo. Xunmeng means feeling as if covered by something, swaying unsteadily; vertigo and deafness are all signs of dizziness. Thus, Liver Jue causes vertigo, Kidney Jue causes vertex pain, differing thus." (For treating Liver Jue, Gouteng San (Uncaria Ramulus with Uncina) is seen in the Vertigo section.)
Shenmiao Wan (Divine Wonder Pill) Treats headache and Brain Wind.
Shiyan (Halitum), Liuhuang (Sulfur) (equal parts).
Grind into powder. Mix with water and raw flour to make pills, size of Sophorae Japonicae Fructus. Take 15 pills per dose, with mint tea before meals; Jingjie Jiu (Schizonepeta Wine) is also acceptable.
[Zhu Danxi] Sun Zhao's Secret Formula. Treats headache. Pao Fu Zi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), calcined Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), ground equally. Add a little Nao She (Moschus and Civettae Moschatae Glandula). Take half a qian with wine or tea. Excellent.
This is a formula adding Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) to Liuhuang (Sulfur) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata).
Miraculous for Headwind. One raw Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), peeled and de-navelled. Boil with one measure of Luzhou Dou (Phaseoli Vulgaris Semen). When beans are cooked, remove Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), eat only the beans. Cure immediately. One Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) can be boiled five times, then ground and taken. (*Xiuzhen Mi Yao*)
[*Bencao*] For Qi-deficiency headache, use one large Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), hollow out the heart, insert two Quanxie (Scorpio). Take the powder of the aforementioned Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), mix with one part Zhongru Fen (Stalactitum Pulveratum) and a little flour. Wrap with water, roast until cooked, then grind into powder until dark yellow. Take 1 qian or half a qian, mixed with scallion and tea.
Another Prescription: Use one large Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) (powdered raw with skin and navels) and one large Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (cut into four pieces).
Mix Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) powder with water to form dough. Wrap around Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) in four places. If Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) powder is insufficient, add a little flour. Pierce several holes with a needle. Smoke the holes with real Nao She (Moschus and Civettae Moschatae Glandula). When the aroma of Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is perceived, seal the holes. If no aroma is felt, smoke another stick. Sieve finely into ash. Heat ash in a pot, roast the mixture, grind to powder. Take half a qian, mixed with scallion and tea, at any time. (These are two prescriptions from Yang Jilao, a physician from Si, miraculous in effect.)
These are examples of pure-hot Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) formulas.
[*Suwen*] The Emperor asked: "Some people suffer from headache for years without relief. How does this arise? What is the disease name?" Qibo replied: "It must be due to exposure to severe cold, penetrating to the bone marrow. Since marrow governs the brain, rebellious brain Qi causes headache and toothache. The disease is named Jue-ni." (*Qibing Lun*)
[Li Dongyuan] Qianghuo Fuzi Tang (Notopterygium and Aconite Decoction) Treats severe cold in winter attacking the brain, causing brain pain and toothache, named Brain Wind. Derived from *Qibing Lun*.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (2 fen), Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (1 qian), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (1 qian), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (0.5 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (2 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2 fen), Hei Fuzi (Black Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) (1 fen), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (0.5 qian), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Baijiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (each 3 fen).
Cut into pieces. Decoct in water, remove dregs, take warm after meals. If cold cough exists, add Foercao (Petasitae Herba) 3 fen.
[Luo Qianfu] Chuanxiong Shengong San (Ligustici Chuanxiong Divine Merit Powder) Treats Wind-Heat attacking upwards, lateral/central headache, regardless of severity or duration.
Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2.5 qian), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix et Rhizoma Cruda) (raw, peeled and de-navelled), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (remove roots, each 0.5 liang).
Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, with 2 cups of water, 3 slices of fresh ginger, decoct to 0.7 cup. Add 0.5 cup of clear wine. Take with dregs, warm. Avoid wind in a closed room. After walking 5-7 li, take another dose. Recovery occurs when sweating.
Jiuku Shenbai San (Save Life Divine White Powder) Treats men and women with lateral/central headache, pain in brow bones and bilateral Taiyang acupoints, heat attacking head and eyes causing persistent redness, neck stiffness, and cicada-like tinnitus.
Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey) (each 8 qian), Gansong (Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma) (cleaned), Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Liangtoujian (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma et Radix or similar), Chuanwutou (Aconiti Radix et Rhizoma Cruda) (peeled and de-navelled, each 6 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with warm tea. Drink half a cup of boiled water after medication.
[*Bencao*] Treats all headaches, Heilong Wan (Black Dragon Pill).
Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum) (washed), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix et Rhizoma Cruda) (each 0.5 jin, steamed three times with Black Soybeans), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (0.5 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) (each 4 liang), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) (each 2 liang), Jingmo (Beijing Ink) (0.5 liang).
Grind into fine powder. Make pills with refined honey, size of a bullet. Take one pill per dose, with mint tea soup.
Treats Cold Damage headache, Taiyang headache, and all headaches.
Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix et Rhizoma Cruda) (prepared), Caowu (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix) (each 0.5 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (each 1.5 liang), Dilong (Pheretima) (cleaned), Quanxie (Scorpio) (one), Xionghuang (Realgar) (3 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take half a qian per dose, with clear tea after meals.
[Li Dongyuan] Mahuang Wuzhuyu Tang (Ephedra and Evodia Decoction) Treats headache with chest pain, reduced appetite, throat discomfort, cold sensation, and wiry-tight pulse at left Cun position.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (0.5 qian), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) (3 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (2 fen), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix et Rhizoma Cruda) (1 fen), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (5 fen), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (a little), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus) (1 fen), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (each 2 fen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (1 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (2 fen), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) (1 fen), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (each 2 fen), Honghua (Carthami Flos) (a little), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (2 fen).
Cut into pieces. One dose with 2 large cups of water, decoct to 1 cup, remove dregs, take slightly warm after meals.
[Zhu Danxi] Elder Chen from Dongyang, with visible tendons, slightly tall, suffered from body deficiency and overwork, with severe headache, even speaking of farewell. I examined his pulse: wiry, large, and rapid. Used Renshen (Ginseng Radix) as sovereign, Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) as ministers. After 5-6 days, no improvement; everyone was surprised, thinking the prescription was incorrect. I said: "Medicinal action has stages; wait one or two more nights, and he will recover." Suddenly, his younger brother came asking: "Why not add Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix)?" I did not answer. After another night, he suddenly said his illness had completely resolved. I examined his pulse; it felt slightly fuller under the fingers. Half a day later, the patient said his chest was full and he felt no hunger. His abdominal wrinkles had disappeared. I asked: "Should we not add Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix)?" He agreed. Prescribed only three doses. Then consecutively prescribed Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) with N Hou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) to drain the Defensive Qi. After three doses, he recovered.
Blood-deficiency headache, where pain attacks upwards from the fish-tail area, must use Chuanxiong Danggui Tang (Ligustici Chuanxiong and Angelica Decoction). (The area behind the eyebrow tip near the hairline is called fish-tail.)
[*Da Guan Bencao*] Yi Qi San (One Miracle Powder) Miraculously treats blood-deficiency headache. (This is Xiong Gui Tang (Ligustici Chuanxiong and Angelica Decoction); see the Postpartum Headache section for the formula.)
Another Prescription: Use 0.5 liang of Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) ground into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with aged tea. Very effective. A postpartum woman with headache was cured after one dose.
[*Waitai Miyao*] To treat splitting headache, use 1 liang of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and 1 sheng of wine. Boil to obtain 6 ge. Drink until drunk. Effective.
[*Suwen*] "Headache, tinnitus, and dysfunction of the nine orifices arise from the stomach and intestines." (*Tongping Xu Shi Lun*) Dongyuan stated: "This is Qi-deficiency headache; treat primarily with Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix)."
[Luo Qianfu] Case Record of Qi-Deficiency Headache. Advisor Bai Zhongshi, aged 61, suffered unbearable headache in February, unable to sleep day or night. I was invited to examine him. He said: "Recently in Yanjing, I suffered mild headache and drowsiness. Physicians treated it as Cold Damage and induced sweating; pain worsened. Sweating again worsened the condition and intensified the headache. I returned home. Every physician prescribed similar medicines. Now the pain is severe, preventing restful sleep, with aversion to wind and cold, and loss of appetite." His pulse was wiry, thin, and faint; shortness of breath and rapidity; reluctance to speak. The *Neijing* states: "Spring Qi diseases manifest in the head." This year, Heaven Qi is weak; Clear Qi cannot ascend, causing head drowsiness and mild pain. This disease originally had no Exterior Pathogen. Due to repeated sweating, Clear Yang Qi was further depleted, failing to nourish upwards or secure externally. Hence, severe headache, aversion to wind/cold, dislike of food, shortness of breath, and weakness. Treatment should raise Yang and tonify Qi; headache will heal spontaneously. Named Shunqi Hezhong Tang (Smooth Qi and Harmonize Middle Decoction).
Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) (1.5 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix) (1 qian), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (0.5 qian), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (0.3 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (0.5 qian), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (0.5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey) (0.3 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (0.3 qian), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus) (0.2 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (0.3 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (0.2 qian), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (0.2 qian).
The *Neijing* states: "Yang Qi guards the exterior and secures." This year, Heaven Qi is weak, compounded by sweating, further damaging Defensive Qi. Therefore, Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix) is sweet and warm, tonifying Wei and securing the Exterior as Sovereign. Renshen (Ginseng Radix) is sweet and warm; Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) is pungent and warm; they tonify Qi and Blood. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) is sour, gathering Wei Qi as Minister. Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), and prepared Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated with Honey) are bitter and sweet, warming and nourishing Wei Qi, generating Yang Qi, and strengthening skin and pores as Assistant. Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) are bitter and pungent, guiding Shaoyang and Yangming Qi upwards, opening all vessels, and irrigating the body. Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus), and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) are pungent and warm, light and floating, clearing empty cavities as Guide.
Cut into pieces. One dose with 2 cups of water, decoct to 1 cup, remove dregs, take warm after meals. Pain reduces by half after first dose; cure after second dose.
[Li Dongyuan] Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang (Regulate the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction) plus Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Manjingzi (Viticis Trifoliatae Fructus), and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) treats headaches due to combined Qi and Blood deficiency. (See the Treatment Methods section for the formula.)
[Hezi] Qingdai San (Indigo Naturalis Powder) Treats Headwind.
Zhuya Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina), Yuanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma) (1 fen), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (a little).
Grind into fine powder. Mix with water to the size of a bean. Instill into the nose. Saliva will flow out. First lie supine and instill. When a sour taste is felt in the throat, rise up to let saliva flow. Bite a copper coin to control flow.
[Zhu Danxi] Headache: Nasal Insufflation to Extract Phlegm-Saliva.
Bibo (Piperis Longi Fructus), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (equal parts).
Grind into powder. Place inside a pig gallbladder, mix with bile. Dry in shade. Grind into powder again. Form pills with rainwater, size of mung beans. Coat with Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis). Dissolve one pill in clear tea and instill into the nose.