〔垣〕如胃寒泄泻，肠鸣，于升阳除湿汤加益智仁五分，半夏五分，生姜、枣子和煎。（升阳除湿汤方见泄泻。）
〔丹〕腹中水鸣，乃火击动其水也，二陈汤加芩、连、栀子。腹中鸣者，病本于胃也。（全文见水肿。）肠鸣多属
脾胃虚。一男子肠鸣食少，脐下有块耕动，若得下气多乃已，已则复鸣。医用疏气药与服，半年不效。予用参、
术为君，甘草、连、参、枳、干姜为臣，一帖肠鸣止，食进。又每服吞浓朴红豆丸，其气耕亦平。经云∶脾胃
虚则肠鸣腹满。又云∶中气不足，肠为之苦鸣。此之谓也。
肺移寒于肾为涌水。涌水者，按之腹不坚，水气客于大肠，疾行则鸣，濯濯如囊裹水浆之声也。（全文见诊病传变。）
〔河〕葶苈丸 治涌水，疾行则腹鸣，如囊裹水浆之声。
葶苈（隔纸炒） 泽泻 椒目 桑白皮 杏仁 猪苓（去黑皮，各五钱）
上为末，炼蜜丸，桐子大。每二十丸，葱白汤下，不拘时，以利为度。
运气 肠鸣有二∶
一曰土发。经云∶土郁之发，肠鸣而为数后是也。
二曰热胜。经云∶少阴在泉，热淫所胜，病腹中肠鸣，气上冲胸，治以咸寒是也。
针灸 肠鸣有三法∶
其一补脾。经云∶脾虚则腹满肠鸣，飧泄，食不化，取其经太阴、阳明、少阴血者是也。
其二补足太阳。经云∶中气不足，肠为之苦鸣，补足外踝下留之五分申脉穴也。
其三取太阳。经云∶肠中雷鸣，气上冲胸，邪在大肠，刺肓之原巨虚、上廉、三里是也。
〔《甲》〕腹中常鸣，时上冲心，灸脐下。腹中肠鸣盈盈然，食不化，胁痛不得卧，烦热，泄糜，不嗜
食，胸胁 满，喘息而冲，鬲呕，心痛，及伤饱，身黄，骨瘦羸，章门主之。肠鸣相逐，不可倾倒，承满主之。
肠鸣而痛，温留主之。饮食不下，腹中雷鸣，大便不节，小便赤黄，阳纲主之。
[Li Dongyuan] If diarrhea and borborygmus are caused by stomach cold, add Yi Zhi Ren (Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus) 5 fen, Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 5 fen, Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus) to the Sheng Yang Chu Shi Tang (Ascending Yang and Expelling Dampness Decoction) for decoction. (The formula of Sheng Yang Chu Shi Tang is found in the section on Diarrhea.)
[Zhu Danxi] Water sounds in the abdomen indicate that fire evil is agitating the body's fluids; Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) added with Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus) should be used. The root of abdominal borborygmus lies in the Stomach. (The full text is found in the section on Edema.) Borborygmus mostly belongs to Spleen and Stomach deficiency. A certain male patient suffered from borborygmus and poor appetite, with a mass below the umbilicus moving like plowing land; it would cease when flatus was passed frequently, but recur afterwards. Physicians administered Qi-regulating medicines without effect for half a year. I used Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) as sovereign drugs, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) as minister drugs. After one dose, the borborygmus ceased and appetite improved. Additionally, swallowing Nong Po Hong Dou Wan (Magnolia Bark and Red Bean Pill) with each dose calmed the rebellious Qi. The Classic states: "Spleen and Stomach deficiency leads to borborygmus and abdominal fullness." It also states: "Deficiency of Middle Qi causes the intestines to suffer from loud borborygmus." This refers to such cases.
When Lung transfers cold to Kidney, it is called Yong Shui (Surging Water). In Yong Shui, pressing the abdomen does not feel hard; water qi lodges in the Large Intestine, causing noise upon rapid walking, sounding like a bag containing liquid. (The full text is found in the section on Disease Transmission Diagnosis.)
[Wang Haogu] Ting Li Wan (Descurainiae Fructus Pill) treats Yong Shui (Surging Water), where rapid walking causes abdominal borborygmus sounding like a bag containing liquid.
Ting Li (Descurainiae Fructus) (stir-fried between paper), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Jiao Mu (Zanthoxyli Semen), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Zhu Ling (Polypori Parabolica) (remove black skin, each 5 qian).
Grind the above into powder, refine honey to make pills, size of Torreya seeds. Take 20 pills each time, washed down with Cong Bai Tang (Scallion White Decoction), at any time, stopping when bowel movement becomes smooth.
Regarding Yun Qi (Six Qi and Five Movements), there are two types of borborygmus:
First, Earth Fa (Earth Manifestation). The Classic states: "When Earth is stagnant and manifests, there is borborygmus followed by frequent diarrhea."
Second, Heat Sheng (Heat Excess). The Classic states: "When Shaoyin [Ministerial Fire] is in the Fountain position, excessive heat causes disease manifesting as abdominal borborygmus and Qi rushing up to the chest; treat with salty-cold substances."
Regarding Acupuncture and Moxibustion, there are three methods for borborygmus:
First, tonify Spleen. The Classic states: "Spleen deficiency leads to abdominal fullness, borborygmus, undigested stool diarrhea, and food stagnation; take the blood aspects of Taiyin, Yangming, and Shaoyin meridians."
Second, tonify Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. The Classic states: "Deficiency of Middle Qi causes painful borborygmus; tonify Shenmai (BL62), located five fen below the lateral malleolus."
Third, select Taiyang meridian points. The Classic states: "Borborygmus like thunder in the intestines, Qi rushing up to the chest, evil in the Large Intestine;刺 (puncture) Yuan source point Ju Liu Shang Lian (ST37), Shang Lian (ST34), and San Li (ST36)." [Note: Text says Ju Liu, Shang Lian, San Li. Standard ST points for Large Intestine issues often involve ST25, ST37, etc. Translating literally based on text provided].
[Neijing Jingjia Yishu] For constant abdominal borborygmus occasionally rushing up to the heart, moxa the area below the umbilicus. For continuous borborygmus, indigestion, hypochondriac pain preventing lying down, irritability and heat, loose stools, anorexia, chest and hypochondriac fullness, panting with Qi rebellion, diaphragmatic vomiting, heart pain, injury from overeating, yellow complexion, emaciation, Zhangmen (LR13) governs these conditions. For successive borborygmus that cannot be expelled, Chengman (ST22) governs. For borborygmus with pain, Wenliu (LI7) governs. For inability to swallow food, abdominal thunderous borborygmus, unregulated defecation, and reddish-yellow urine, Yanggang (BL38) governs.