治同前证。
水蛭（一两，不用炙） 生黄 （一两半） 生三棱（五钱） 生莪术（五钱） 当归（六钱） 知母（六钱）
生桃仁（六钱，带皮尖）
上药七味，共为细末，炼蜜为丸桐子大，开水送服二钱，早晚各一次。
仲景抵当汤、大黄 虫丸、百劳丸，皆用水蛭，而后世畏其性猛，鲜有用者，是未知水蛭之性也。《神农
本草经》曰∶水蛭气味咸平无毒，主逐恶血、瘀血、月闭，破 瘕、积聚、无子、利
水道。徐灵胎注云∶凡人身瘀血方阻，尚有生气者易治，阻之久则生气全消而难治。盖血既离经，与正气全不
相属，投之轻药，则拒而不纳，药过峻，又转能伤未败之血，故治之极难。水蛭最善食人之血，而性又迟缓善
入。迟缓则生血不伤，善入则坚积易破，借其力以消既久之滞，自有利而无害也。观《神农本草经》之文与徐
氏之注，则水蛭功用之妙，为何如哉！特是徐氏所谓迟缓善入者，人多不解其理。盖水蛭行于水中，原甚迟缓。
其在生血之中，犹水中也，故生血不伤也。着人肌肉，即紧贴善入。其遇坚积之处，犹肌肉也，故坚积易消也。
方中桃仁不去皮尖者，以其皮赤能入血分，尖乃生发之机，又善通气分。杨玉衡《寒温条辨》曾有斯说。
愚疑其有毒，未敢遽信。遂将带皮生桃仁，嚼服一钱，心中安然，以后始敢连皮尖用之。至于不炒用，而生用
者，凡果中之仁，皆含生发之气，原可借之以流通既败之血也。《神农本草经百种录》注曰∶桃得三月春和之
气以生，而花鲜明似血，故凡血瘀血枯之疾，不能调和畅达者，此能入于其中而和之散之。然其生血之功少，
而去瘀之功多者，盖桃核本非血类，实不能有所补益。若 瘕皆已败之血，非生气不能流通，桃之生气在于仁，
而味苦又能开泄，故能逐旧而不伤新也。夫既借其生气以流通气血，不宜炒用可知也。若入丸剂，蒸熟用之亦可。
【附方】秘传治女子干病方，用红HT 螺（榆树内红虫大如蚕）二个，樗树（此树如椿而味臭俗名臭椿）荚
二个，人指甲全的，壮年男子发三根。用树荚夹HT 螺、指甲以发缠之，将发面馒头如大橘者一个，开一孔，去
中瓤俾可容药。纳药其中，仍将外皮原开下者杜孔上，木炭火煨存性为细末，用黄酒半斤炖开，兑童便半茶盅
送服。忌腥冷、惊恐、恼怒。此方用过数次皆验，瘀血开时必吐衄又兼下血，不必惊恐，移时自愈。以治经水
一次未来者尤效。
Treats the same syndrome as described previously.
Shuizhi (Leech, *Hirudo nipponica*, 1 liang, not roasted) Sheng Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 1.5 liang) Sheng Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, 5 qian) Sheng Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, 5 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 6 qian) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 6 qian)
Sheng Taoren (Persicae Semen, 6 qian, with skin and tip retained)
The above seven herbs are ground into a fine powder together. Honey pills of tung tree seed size are made using refined honey. Take 2 qian with warm water, once in the morning and once in the evening.
Zhang Zhongjing's Didang Tang (Echinops Decoction), Dahuang Zhechong Wan (Rhubarb and Ground Beetle Pill), and Bailao Wan (Bailao Pill) all use Shuizhi (Leech). However, later generations feared its fierce nature and rarely used it; this is due to ignorance of the properties of Shuizhi. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: "Shuizhi has a salty and neutral flavor, is non-toxic, and treats evil blood, stasis, amenorrhea, breaks masses and accumulations, infertility, and promotes urination." Xu Lingtai commented: "When blood stasis in the body is just obstructed but still retains vitality, it is easy to treat; if obstruction lasts long, vitality is completely exhausted, making it difficult to treat. Once blood leaves the vessels, it no longer belongs to the healthy qi. Light medicines will be rejected and not absorbed; overly harsh medicines will damage the unspoiled blood. Thus, treatment is extremely difficult." Shuizhi is best at consuming human blood, and its nature is slow yet adept at penetrating. Its slowness ensures it does not harm new blood; its penetration allows it to easily break hard accumulations. By borrowing its strength to eliminate long-standing stagnation, there is naturally benefit without harm. Observing the text of the *Shennong Bencao Jing* and Xu's commentary, how wonderful are the functions of Shuizhi! However, many people do not understand the principle behind Xu's description of "slow yet adept at penetrating." Generally, Shuizhi moves slowly in water. When acting within fresh blood, it is like being in water, thus not harming new blood. When adhering to human muscle, it sticks closely and penetrates well. When encountering hard accumulations, it acts like it is in muscle, thus breaking them easily. In this formula, Taoren (Persicae Semen) is not stripped of its skin and tip because the red skin enters the blood level, and the tip is the mechanism of growth/vitality, also adept at circulating the qi level. Yang Yuheng mentioned this view in his *Hanwen Tiaobian*. I suspected it might be toxic and did not dare to believe it immediately. I then chewed and swallowed 1 qian of raw Taoren with skin and tip; my heart felt calm and safe. Only after that did I dare to use it with skin and tip. As for using it raw rather than stir-fried: generally, kernels of fruits contain vital energy (shengfa zhi qi), which can be borrowed to circulate spoiled blood. The annotation in *Shennong Bencao Jing Baizhong Lu* says: "Peaches grow by absorbing the harmonious qi of March spring, and their flowers are bright and resemble blood. Therefore, for diseases of blood stasis or blood dryness that cannot be harmonized and circulated freely, this herb can enter and harmonize/disperse them." However, its merit in nourishing new blood is small, while its merit in removing stasis is great. This is because peach pits are not of the blood category and truly cannot provide tonification. If masses consist of spoiled blood, they require vital energy to circulate. The vital energy of the peach lies in the kernel, and its bitter taste can open and drain. Thus, it can expel old blood without injuring new blood. Since it borrows vital energy to circulate qi and blood, it is evident that it should not be stir-fried. If used in pills, steaming it until cooked is also acceptable.
[Attached Formula] Secret Formula for Treating Female Ganxue Lao (Dry Blood Consumption): Use two Hongli Luo (Red Snail/Leech-like insect found inside elm trees, large as silkworms), two pods of Chushu (Tree similar to Toona but with foul odor, commonly known as Chinese Mahogany/Odorous Chinaberry), complete human fingernails, and three hairs from a strong adult male man. Wrap the Hongli Luo and nails with hair, sandwiched between the pods. Take one mantou (steamed bun) made of dough and hair, make a hole in it, remove the inner pulp to accommodate the medicine. Place the medicine inside, seal the original opening with the outer skin. Roast over charcoal fire until the substance remains (preserving efficacy), then grind into a fine powder. Take with half jin of yellow wine heated, mixed with half a teacup of child's urine. Avoid greasy/cold foods, fright, anger, and resentment. This formula has been effective several times. When blood stasis opens up, vomiting blood, epistaxis, and lower bleeding will occur; do not be frightened, and it will heal spontaneously after a while. It is especially effective for treating cases where menstruation has failed to arrive once.