[总诀] 口内时含五脏和，偶然变味即为 。须知脾窍原通胃，胃火为殃病最多。口吐酸水，或兼腹满头痛者，肝
木侮脾土也。宜加味吴萸汤。
吴萸（二钱） 党参（三钱） 黄连（三钱） 生姜（三钱） 大枣（三枚）
歌曰∶吐酸只为木乘脾，姜枣吴萸治总宜。
再入参连同煮服，头疼腹满照方施。
口苦而渴，或兼咽干目眩者，少阳经相火也。宜加减柴胡汤。
柴胡（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 党参（三钱） 花粉（三钱） 生姜（三片） 甘草（一钱）
歌曰∶口苦咽干眩渴连，柴芩参草药当先。
生津专赖天花粉，发散生姜力量全。
口甜而腻，或兼不思饮食者，脾经伤浓味也。宜加味香砂汤。
神曲（一钱） 半夏（三钱） 砂仁（研，一钱） 云苓（三钱） 藿香（三钱） 楂肉（一钱）
歌曰∶口中甜腻是脾伤，半夏云苓与藿香。
楂肉砂仁加入曲，六般煎服效堪彰。
（伯未按∶蜀刻本多白术、党参、甘草、老莲、生姜、槟榔、白芍。）
（又按∶此即《内经》口甘证，可时泡佩兰汤饮之。）
口淡无味，兼见腹满多唾者，脾虚中有寒也。宜加味理中汤。
党参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 生姜（二钱） 茯苓（四钱） 炙草（二钱） 陈皮（三钱）
歌曰∶口中无味唾偏多，参术姜苓炙草和。
漫道陈皮非补药，善调胃气莫嫌他。
（伯未按∶可时啖糖姜。）
口中肿痛，兼见发渴饮水者，胃中火上冲也。宜时方甘露饮∶
天冬（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 生地（三钱） 熟地（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 枳壳（一钱） 茵
陈（三钱） 石斛（三钱） 枇杷叶（去毛蜜炙，三钱） 甘草（一钱）
歌曰∶口中肿痛渴烦加，二地二冬及枇杷。
芩枳茵陈兼石斛，草梢引服效无瘥。
（伯未按∶外用芦根泡，代茶。）
口燥舌干，或兼消渴引饮者，胃中阴液枯也。宜加减地黄汤。
熟地（三钱） 山药（三钱） 党参（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 五味（一钱） 元
参（三钱） 花粉（三钱） 山茱萸（三钱） 葛根（三钱）
歌曰∶口干舌燥胃阴枯，不解滋阴病不除。
萸地参冬山泽味，元参花粉葛根扶。
口中腥臭，或兼吐血衄血者，胃中血燥热也。宜清阳宁血汤。
当归（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 黄连（二钱） 党参（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 藕
节（三钱） 生地（三钱） 蒲黄（二钱） 酒军（八分） 枳壳（一钱） 甘草（一钱）
歌曰∶口中腥臭血当清，归芍芩连并党参。
藕地军蒲甘草枳，麦冬清热燥斯平。
[General Principle] The mouth normally reflects the harmonious state of the five Zang organs; occasional changes in taste indicate pathology. It must be known that the spleen orifice is originally connected to the stomach, and diseases caused by Stomach Fire are the most numerous. Vomiting sour fluid, or accompanied by abdominal fullness and headache, indicates Liver Wood overacting on Spleen Earth. Jiawei Wuyu Tang (Modified Evodia Decoction) is suitable.
Evodiae Fructus (Wuyu, 2 qian), Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen, 3 qian), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 3 qian), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 3 pieces).
The song states: Sour vomiting is due to Liver Wood attacking the Spleen; Ginger, Jujube, and Evodia are generally appropriate.
Adding Ginseng and Coptitis for simultaneous decoction and administration; apply this prescription for headache and abdominal fullness.
Bitter taste in the mouth with thirst, or accompanied by dry throat and vertigo, indicates Ministerial Fire of the Shaoyang Channel. Jiawei Chaihu Tang (Modified Bupleurum Decoction) is suitable.
Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 3 qian), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 3 qian), Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen, 3 qian), Trichosanthis Radix (Huafen, 3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 3 slices), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 1 qian).
The song states: Bitter mouth, dry throat, vertigo, and thirst linked together; Bupleurum, Scutellaria, Codonopsis, and Licorice should be prioritized.
Generating body fluids relies specifically on Trichosanthes Root; dispersing pathogens, Ginger provides comprehensive strength.
Sweet and greasy taste in the mouth, or accompanied by loss of appetite, indicates injury to the Spleen Channel by rich flavors. Jiawei Xiangsha Tang (Modified Amomum and Agastache Decoction) is suitable.
Medicated Leaven (Shenqu, 1 qian), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, 3 qian), Amomi Fructus (Sharen, ground, 1 qian), Poria (Yunling, 3 qian), Agastaches Herba (Huoxiang, 3 qian), Crataegi Fructus (Zharou, 1 qian).
The song states: Sweet and greasy taste in the mouth indicates Spleen injury; Pinellia, Poria, and Agastache are used.
Adding Hawthorn Seed, Amomum, and Medicated Leaven; these six ingredients decocted and taken show remarkable efficacy.
(Note by Bo Ren, unverified: The Shu edition contains additional Baizhu, Dangshen, Gancao, Lotus Seeds, Shengjiang, Binglang, and Baishao.)
(Another note: This corresponds to the "sweet taste" syndrome in *Neijing*; one may frequently drink Peilan Tang infused from Eupatorii Herba.)
Bland taste without flavor, accompanied by abdominal fullness and excessive saliva, indicates Cold within Spleen Deficiency. Jiawei Lizhong Tang (Modified Regulation of the Middle Decoction) is suitable.
Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen, 3 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 2 qian), Poria (Fuling, 4 qian), Prepared Licorice Root (Zhigancao, 2 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 3 qian).
The song states: Bland taste in the mouth with excessive saliva; Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Ginger, Poria, and Prepared Licorice harmonize.
Do not say Chenpi is not a tonic; it excels at regulating Stomach Qi, do not disdain it.
(Note by Bo Ren, unverified: One may frequently consume candied ginger.)
Swelling and pain in the mouth, accompanied by fever, thirst, and desire to drink, indicates upward rushing of Stomach Fire. Shi Fang Ganlu Yin (Contemporary Formula Nectar Drink) is suitable:
Asparagi Radix (Tiandong, 3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi, 3 qian), Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Shudi, 3 qian), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 3 qian), Aurantii Fructus (Zhiqiao, 1 qian), Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (Yinchen, 3 qian), Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu, 3 qian), Loquat Leaf (Pipaye, de-haired and honey-fried, 3 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 1 qian).
The song states: Mouth swelling, pain, thirst, and irritability increase; use two Rehmannies, two Ophiopogons, and Loquat Leaf.
Scutellaria, Aurantium, Artemisia, plus Dendrobium; Licorice tip guides administration, efficacy is without failure.
(Note by Bo Ren, unverified: Externally, soak Phragmitis Rhizome and drink as tea substitute.)
Dry mouth and tongue, or accompanied by Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst) with desire to drink, indicates depletion of Stomach Yin fluids. Jiawei Dihuang Tang (Modified Rehmannia Decoction) is suitable.
Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Shudi, 3 qian), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Shanyao, 3 qian), Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen, 3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 3 qian), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 1 qian), Scrophulariae Radix (Yuanshen, 3 qian), Trichosanthis Radix (Huafen, 3 qian), Corni Fructus (Shanzhuyu, 3 qian), Puerariae Radix (Gegen, 3 qian).
The song states: Dry mouth and tongue indicate Stomach Yin depletion; without resolving Yin nourishment, the disease will not be cured.
Cornus, Rehmannia, Codonopsis, Ophiopogon, Dioscorea, Alisma, Schisandra; Scrophularia, Trichosanthes, and Pueraria provide support.
Fishy odor in the mouth, or accompanied by hematemesis (vomiting blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed), indicates Blood Dryness-Heat in the Stomach. Qingyang Ningxue Tang (Clear Yang Calming Blood Decoction) is suitable.
Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 3 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 3 qian), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 3 qian), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 2 qian), Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen, 3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 3 qian), Nelumbinis Node (Oujie, 3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi, 3 qian), Polygoni Multiflori Caulis (Puhuang, 2 qian), Wine-processed Rheum Palmatum (Jiu Jun, 8 fen), Aurantii Fructus (Zhiqiao, 1 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 1 qian).
The song states: Fishy odor in the mouth requires clearing blood heat; Angelica, White Peony, Scutellaria, Coptitis, and Codonopsis are combined.
Lotus node, Rehmannia, Rhubarb, Polygonum, Licorice, and Aurantium; Ophiopogon clears heat, balancing dryness.