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In women, metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding) and hematochezia often result from damp-heat damaging the Spleen and Stomach. This is because the Spleen controls the blood; when damaged, it loses its controlling function. Physicians who do not recognize this as caused by Spleen-dampness may only administer astringent formulas to stop bleeding. Although the bleeding may cease, the dampness becomes more stagnant. Consequently, after metrorrhagia, symptoms such as abdominal distension and jaundice often develop, which many physicians fail to identify.

Ancient texts state: "Treat deafness via the Lung, for the Lung governs sound"; "Treat nasal congestion via the Heart, for the Heart governs smell." I believe that "treating deafness via the Lung" refers to conditions of wind-heat in the Lung meridian and closure/stagnation due to phlegm-fluids. The collateral vessels of the Lung connect with the ear; when Qi mechanism is blocked, deafness occurs. Therefore, treating the Lung allows Qi to flow, curing the deafness. Sound enters from the outside; it is not that there is no sound, but that sound cannot enter. How can one say the Lung governs sound? Regarding "treating nasal congestion via the Heart," the classics state: "When the Heart and Lung have disease, the nose becomes obstructed." Treating the Heart aims to unblock the nose, not to restore the sense of smell.

Yige (dysphagia with obstruction) and Fanwei (regurgitation) are inherently two different diseases. However, contemporary physicians often mention them together, a practice initiated by Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng). Danxi stated: "When dryness/obstruction is located upper, near the lower throat, fluids can pass but food is difficult to enter, and even if entered, the amount is small, it is named Yige; when dryness/obstruction is located lower, near the Stomach, food can enter but is regurgitated after a long time, it is named Ge, also called Fanwei." Thus, dividing Yige and Ge into upper and lower diseases and attributing Fanwei to Ge lacks clarity. I argue that the reason Yige involves regurgitation is that food is obstructed and cannot go down, so it comes back up; without obstruction, there would be no regurgitation. In contrast, Fanwei involves no obstruction of food at all; whether quickly or slowly, food is naturally vomited. What does this have to do with Ge? The root causes of these two diseases differ, and their treatment methods vary; they must be distinguished!

Dysentery (Li) and diarrhea (Xie Xie) involve different pathologies and require different treatments. Diarrhea often arises from cold-dampness; cold requires warming, and dampness requires drying. Dysentery often results from damp-heat; heat requires clearing, and dampness requires draining (promoting urination/dampness removal). Although diarrhea can present with heat syndromes, cold predominates over heat; although dysentery can present with cold syndromes, heat predominates over cold. Therefore, prolonged diarrhea inevitably damages Stomach-Yang, leading to complications like swelling, distension, and wheezing/chest fullness; prolonged dysentery inevitably injures Yin, leading to disorders such as deficiency-fire irritability and flaccidity/paralysis. If dysentery is treated too early with astringents, damp-heat flows into the collaterals, often forming painful bi-syndrome; if diarrhea is treated too excessively with purgatives/drainage, Middle-Jiao deficiency fails to recover, often evolving into Spleen-labor (chronic Spleen deficiency). This is based on my personal experience, not speculation. One might ask: Clearing heat and warming cold is correct. Both involve dampness, yet some are treated by draining and others by drying. Why? The answer is: In cold-dampness, cold arises from dampness, so bitter-warm herbs should be used to dry dampness in the Middle Jiao; in damp-heat, dampness transforms from heat, so sweet-bland herbs should be used to drain dampness downward. Furthermore, drying agents tend to be warm/hot, while draining agents tend to be cool/cold. Promoting urination eliminates heat naturally; warming the Middle dissipates cold. Cold-dampness originates from Middle-Jiao deficiency, so diuretic/draining methods should not be used again; damp-heat stagnation often forms toxins, so warm-drying methods should not be added.