股
【注】[1]股者,下身两大支之通称也,俗名大腿小腿。
中节上、下交接处,名曰膝。膝上之骨曰髀骨,股之大骨也;
膝下之骨曰胻骨,胫之大骨也。
髀骨
【注】[1]髀骨者,膝上之大骨也。上端如杵,接于髀枢,下端如锤,
接于胻骨也。
胻骨
【注】[1]胻骨者,俗名□胫骨也。其骨两根,在前者名成骨,又名骭骨,
形粗,膝外突出之骨也;在后者名辅骨,形细,膝内侧之小骨也。
伏免
【注】[1]伏兔者,髀骨前膝之上,起肉似俯兔,故曰伏兔。
膝解
【注】[1]膝解者,膝之节解也。
膑骨
【注】[1]膑骨者,膝上盖骨也。
连骸
【注】[1]连骸者,膝外侧二高骨也。
%\e周身名位骨度
腘
【注】[1]腘者,膝后屈处,俗名腿凹也。
□
【注】[1]□者,下腿肚也,一名腓肠,俗名小腿肚。
踝骨
【注】 [1]踝者,胻骨之下,足附之上,两旁突出之高骨,在外为外踝,
在内为外踝也。
足
【注】[1]足者,下体所以趋走也,俗名脚。
%
跗骨
【注】[1]跗者,足背也,一名足趺,俗称脚面。跗骨者,足趾本节之众骨也。
足心
【注】[1]足心者,即踵之中也。
跟骨
【注】[1]跟,足后根之骨也。
趾
【注】[1]趾者,足之指也,其数五,名为趾者,别于手也。
居内之大者名大趾,第二趾名大趾之次趾,第三趾名中趾,
第四名小趾之次趾,第五居外之小者名小趾。
足之指节与手指节同,其趾之本节后内侧,圆骨形突者,名核骨。
三毛
【注】[1]足大趾爪甲后为三毛,毛后横纹为聚毛。
踵
【注】[1]踵者,足下面着于地之谓也,俗名脚底板(见图二十二、二十三)
%
Thigh (Gu)
[Note] [1] "Gu" is the general term for the two major branches of the lower limbs, commonly known as the thigh and the calf.
At the junction of the upper and lower parts of the middle segment, it is called the knee (Xi). The bone above the knee is called the Bitong (Femur), which is the large bone of the thigh;
The bone below the knee is called the Chenggu (Tibia/Fibula complex in ancient context, specifically referring to the shin bones), which is the large bone of the leg.
Bitong (Femur)
[Note] [1] The "Bitong" is the large bone above the knee. Its upper end is like a pestle, connecting to the Bitshu (Hip joint); its lower end is like a hammer head,
connecting to the Chenggu.
Chenggu (Shin Bones)
[Note] [1] The "Chenggu", commonly known as the tibia/fibula. This region consists of two bones: the one in front is named "Chenggu" (also called "Gangu"),
which is thicker and forms the prominent bone on the lateral side of the knee; the one at the back is named "Fugu", which is thinner and is the smaller bone on the medial side of the knee.
Futu (Rabbit Lying Down)
[Note] [1] "Futu" is located anterior to the femur and superior to the knee. The raised muscle resembles a crouching rabbit, hence the name Futu.
Xijie (Knee Joint/Cleft)
[Note] [1] "Xijie" refers to the articulation and cleft of the knee joint.
Bin Gu (Patella)
[Note] [1] "Bin Gu" is the bone covering the upper part of the knee (i.e., the patella).
Lianhai (Medial/Lateral Malleoli area - specifically lateral condyles here based on text)
[Note] [1] "Lianhai" refers to the two prominent bony structures on the lateral side of the knee.
Gu (Popliteal Fossa)
[Note] [1] "Gu" is the flexed area behind the knee, commonly known as the popliteal fossa or back of the knee.
Chan (Calf Muscle/Belly)
[Note] [1] "Chan" (Text has a placeholder □, inferred as Chan/Feichang) is the belly of the lower leg, also known as "Feichang", commonly called the calf.
Huai Gu (Malleoli)
[Note] [1] "Huai" is located below the tibia/fibula and above the tarsus. It refers to the prominent bones on both sides. The one on the outside is the external malleolus (lateral malleolus),
and the one on the inside is the internal malleolus (medial malleolus). *Translator's Note: The original text contains a typo stating "inside is external malleolus". Corrected to internal malleolus for anatomical accuracy.*
Zu (Foot)
[Note] [1] "Zu" is the part of the lower body used for walking, commonly known as the foot.
Fu Gu (Tarsal Bones)
[Note] [1] "Fu" refers to the dorsum of the foot, also called "Zufu", commonly known as the instep. "Fu Gu" refers to the numerous bones at the proximal phalanges of the toes.
Zuxin (Sole of Foot)
[Note] [1] "Zuxin" refers to the center of the sole of the foot.
Gen Gu (Calcaneus)
[Note] [1] "Gen" refers to the bone of the heel.
Zhi (Toes)
[Note] [1] "Zhi" refers to the digits of the foot. There are five of them. They are named "Zhi" to distinguish them from the fingers of the hand.
The largest one on the medial side is named the Great Toe (Da Zhi). The second toe is named the Next-to-Great Toe (Da Zhi Zhi Ci Zhi). The third toe is named the Middle Toe (Zhong Zhi).
The fourth is named the Next-to-Little Toe (Xiao Zhi Zhi Ci Zhi). The fifth, which is small and on the lateral side, is named the Little Toe (Xiao Zhi).
The joints of the toes are the same as those of the fingers. Medial to the posterior aspect of the proximal phalanx of the great toe, there is a round, protruding bone resembling a nut kernel, named Hegu.
Sanmao (Three Hairs)
[Note] [1] The area behind the nail of the great toe where hair grows is called "Sanmao". The transverse crease behind the hair is called "Jumao".
Zhong (Heel/Sole)
[Note] [1] "Zhong" refers to the part of the sole that touches the ground, commonly known as the bottom of the foot (see Figures 22 and 23).