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Taiyin disease is characterized by abdominal fullness and vomiting, inability to take food, and spontaneous abdominal pain occurring from time to time. If purgatives are mistakenly applied, it will inevitably lead to epigastric knotting (hardness and fullness below the chest), and diarrhea will become severe.

[Commentary]
Wu Renju stated: The four characters "diarrhea becomes severe" should be placed after "epigaastriac knotting". If placed after "vomiting and inability to eat", it would imply that severe diarrhea occurs even when vomiting has already taken place and eating is impossible. Zhang Zhongjing also said, "If purgatives are applied," which seems meaningless; therefore, the order should be swapped.

In Shaoyin disease, if food is vomited immediately upon entering the mouth, and the patient feels nauseous and desires to vomit but cannot, accompanied by cold hands and feet and a string-taut and slow pulse at the onset, this indicates excess in the chest region. Purging is contraindicated; instead, emesis should be induced. However, if there is cold fluid retention above the diaphragm manifesting as dry heaving, emesis is contraindicated, and warming treatment should be used, preferably with Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction).

[Commentary]
"Wenwen" should be "Wawa" (wà wà), which describes the sensation of wanting to vomit fluids. This should be corrected.

In Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, if the patient presents with cold limbs and palpitations in the epigastrium due to excessive water intake, water retention should be treated first by administering Lingzhi Gancao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction), followed by treating the cold limbs. Otherwise, water will seep into the stomach, inevitably causing diarrhea.

[Commentary]
The phrase "due to excessive water intake" should be inserted after "cold limbs and palpitations in the epigastrium". Without these four characters, the condition would be cold-limb coldness and palpitations caused by Yin excess, rather than those caused by water retention. How could one then determine it is water-related and advise treating water first? These characters should be added.

In Shanghan disease, if the pulse is faint and the limbs are cold, and after seven or eight days the skin becomes cold and the patient is restless without any moment of peace, this is Zang Jue (Visceral Cold-Reversal), not Hui Jue (Roundworm Cold-Reversal). Patients with Hui Jue typically vomit roundworms. The current patient is quiet but occasionally irritable because of internal cold, causing roundworms to move up into the diaphragm, leading to irritability, which stops after a while. If vomiting and irritability occur after eating, it is because the roundworms are disturbed by the smell of food, and the patient will likely vomit roundworms spontaneously. Hui Jue is treated with Wumei Wan (Mume Pill), which is also effective for chronic diarrhea.

[Commentary]
The character "Ci" (this) in "This is internal cold" should be "Fei" (not). If it were "Ci", it would describe Zang Jue, which contradicts the distinction between Zang Jue and Hui Jue. This should be corrected.

In Shanghan disease, after five or six days, if there is no Jie Xiong (Chest Binding), the abdomen is soft, the pulse is deficient, and the limbs are cold, purging is contraindicated. This is due to blood loss (deficiency of blood); applying purgatives will lead to death.

[Commentary]
The characters "Jie Xiong" (Chest Binding) should be "Da Bian" (Stool/Bowel movement). If there is no Chest Binding, the abdomen is soft, the pulse is deficient, and the limbs are cold, there is no rationale for purging. The statement "purging is contraindicated" would be nonsensical otherwise. This should be corrected.

In Shanghan disease, if fever lasts for six days initially, but cold limbs last for nine days accompanied by diarrhea, patients with cold limbs and diarrhea usually cannot eat. If the patient can now eat, it may indicate Chu Zhong (Elimination of the Middle, a false sign of recovering stomach qi before its total exhaustion). Feeding the patient Suobing (noodles/wheat cakes), if there is no subsequent fever, it indicates that stomach qi remains, and recovery is certain. One must fear a sudden flare-up of heat that comes and goes. After three days, if the pulse is examined and the heat persists, recovery is expected around midnight on the following day. This is because the initial fever lasted six days, cold limbs lasted nine days, and the subsequent fever lasted three days. Adding the three days to the initial six days equals nine days, matching the duration of the cold limbs, hence the prediction of recovery at midnight. If, after three days, the pulse is rapid and the heat does not cease, this indicates excess heat, which will inevitably lead to carbuncles and pus.

[Commentary]
The character "Bu" (not) in "no fever" should be "Ruo" (if). If it were "Bu", it would confirm Chu Zhong, making the subsequent text about fearing sudden heat irrelevant. This should be corrected.

In Shanghan disease, if the pulse is slow, and after six or seven days, cold limbs and diarrhea occur, but the physician mistakenly administers Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) to clear heat: a slow pulse indicates cold. Administering Huangqin Tang further clears heat, causing coldness in the abdomen and an inability to eat. If the patient can now eat, this is called Chu Zhong, and death is inevitable.

[Commentary]
The four characters "cold limbs and diarrhea" should be inserted after "Shanghan disease, pulse slow, six or seven days". Without these characters, it is not Chu Zhong. Moreover, only with these characters does the meaning connect logically with the subsequent criticism of administering Huangqin Tang. These characters should be added.