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Warm disease (Wen Bing) refers to a condition contracted by catching cold pathogens during winter, which does not manifest immediately but remains latent in the muscles, erupting when the weather warms up in spring. Its symptoms include fever and thirst without aversion to cold; this is defined as warm disease. Treatment may employ Shengma Gengen Tang (Ligusticum and Pueraria Decoction) or Gegen Jiexu Tang (Pueraria Muscle-Relieving Decoction). Generally, the principle of treating warm disease does not involve inducing normal sweating (Zheng Han), because the stifled heat (Fuyu Zhi Re) radiates from the interior to the exterior, clearly indicating the absence of exterior syndrome (Biao Zheng). It is appropriate to use acrid-neutral agents to disperse it.

Heat disease (Re Bing) refers to a condition where cold injury occurs in winter without immediate onset, fails to erupt in spring, and manifests in summer due to accumulation and stagnation. The pathology involves body heat, headache, irritability, thirst, absence of aversion to cold, and a surging and full pulse (Mai Hong Er Sheng). This is because the seasonal heat of summer is doubly abundant. Treatment should prioritize bitter-acrid-cold herbs to clear and resolve the pathogen. Since long-standing cold stagnation transforms into heat, the classics state: "Heat disease belongs to the category of cold damage." Therefore, the method of using bitter-acrid-cold formulas is advocated for rescue.

In both warm disease and heat disease, if the pulse is surging, large, and forceful, this represents a Yang syndrome presenting with a Yang pulse, which is treatable. If the pulse comes in a deep, faint, fine, and small manner, this represents a Yang syndrome presenting with a Yin pulse, which indicates certain death. The classics state: "In warm disease, if the patient is restless, has high fever, a small pulse, and cold feet, death will occur."

Late eruption (Wan Fa) refers to diseases that manifest after the Qingming Festival and before the Summer Solstice. Symptoms include body heat and headache, possibly accompanied by aversion to wind or cold, presence or absence of sweat, irritability, and a surging and rapid pulse. This is also caused by contracting cold in winter, but it is slightly milder than warm disease and warm-heat syndromes. Potent purgative or dispersing agents should not be used; instead, clearing and resolving pathogenic heat is appropriate. Zhizi Shengma Tang (Gardenia and Ephedra Decoction) modified is generally used for treatment.

Jing disease (Spasm Disease) is caused by wind injury to the Taiyang Meridian compounded by severe contraction of cold and dampness. It is also stated: "Excessive sweating in patients with dampness leads to Jing disease." Symptoms include stiffness and rigidity of the head and neck, body heat, aversion to cold, shaking of the head, trismus (lockjaw), and opisthotonos (backward arching of the back). The external symptoms of fever and aversion to cold resemble cold damage, but the pulse is deep, slow, wiry, and fine, with eyes wide open and rigid backward arching of the neck and back, resembling epilepsy. One must observe the presence or absence of sweat to distinguish between Gang Jing (Rigid Spasm) and Rou Jing (Flexible Spasm). If there is no sweat and aversion to cold, it is named Gang Jing, treated with Gegen Tang (Pueraria Decoction). If there is sweat and no aversion to cold, it is named Rou Jing, treated with Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (Cinnamon Twig Plus Pueraria Decoction). If excessive sweating or purgation severely depletes body fluids, causing the sinews and vessels to lose nourishment and become non-pliable, resulting in spasm, the primary treatment should be tonifying Qi and Blood. Furthermore, conditions such as postpartum states or traumatic wounds involving excessive blood loss can all lead to spasm; these too require tonification as the priority. These cases are similar to Jing disease but are not true Jing disease; how can they all be treated uniformly with wind-dispelling herbs?