麻黄六两 桂枝 甘草二两（炙） 杏仁四十枚（去皮尖） 石膏一块（如鸡子大） 生
姜三两 大枣十二枚
此为风寒两伤营卫而设，即麻黄汤加石膏、姜、枣也。麻黄汤中本用桂枝，可见仲景治
寒未尝不兼治风，则风寒两伤营卫者用麻黄汤亦足矣，而必加石膏等三味者盖因风寒两伤营
卫，非但伤风伤寒之可比，郁热必倍加。故用石膏体重味轻，以泻郁热；姜、枣甘温，以反
佐之
麻黄（去节） 桂枝 芍药（酒炒） 细辛 甘草（炙）干姜三两 半夏 五味子半
升
此方全为外有风、内蓄水而设。所以不用石膏者，因水停胃中，不得复用石膏以益胃之
寒。故一变而为辛散，外去风而内行水，亦名曰青龙者，亦取发汗，天气下为雨之义也。
葛根四两 麻黄 生姜三两 桂枝 芍药 甘草二两（炙） 大枣十二枚
太阳症无汗宜用麻黄汤矣，乃变其法，于桂枝汤中加葛根、麻黄二味，此中奥义全在“
恶风”二字。但恶风而不恶寒，则不在寒伤营之例，乃太阳表症未解，将入阳明之象。故用
麻黄以发汗，桂枝以去风，参用葛根，以阻其入阳明之路。若抛荒本经之病，而预用引经之
药，便为开门揖盗，仲景断不为也。
麻黄 细辛二两 附子一枚（炮）
此症机窍，全在“反发热，脉沉”五字。盖太阳之邪，初传少阴，故脉症如此。方中用
细辛、附子温肾，以捍卫本经，格外来之邪不使深入；用麻黄以散太阳之邪，使之仍从原路
而出。只此三味，而治法之妙如此，非仲景其孰能之？
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) six liang, Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 桂枝), Licorice Root (Gancao, 甘草) two liang (roasted), Apricot Seed (Xingren, 杏仁) forty seeds (skin and tip removed), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) one piece (size of a chicken egg), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) three liang, Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) twelve pieces.
This formula is established for wind-cold simultaneously injuring Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive levels). It is essentially Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) with the addition of Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). Since Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) is originally used in Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), it can be seen that Zhang Zhongjing never treated cold without also addressing wind. Therefore, for cases where wind-cold simultaneously injures Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive levels), using Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should suffice. However, the addition of Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and the other two ingredients is necessary because wind-cold simultaneously injuring Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive levels) is not comparable to mere wind or cold injury; the stagnant heat must be doubled. Thus, Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), which is heavy in weight but light in flavor, is used to drain stagnant heat; Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) are sweet and warm, serving as an antagonistic adjuvant (fan zuo).
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (nodes removed), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 桂枝), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药) (stir-fried with wine), Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛), Licorice Root (Gancao, 甘草) (roasted), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) three liang, Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子) half sheng.
This formula is entirely designed for external wind and internal water retention. The reason Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) is not used is that water is stagnant in the stomach, and using Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) again would increase the coldness of the stomach. Therefore, the method changes to acrid dispersal: externally removing wind and internally promoting water metabolism. It is also named Qinglong (Azure Dragon), taking the meaning of sweating, akin to the imagery of weather descending as rain.
Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根) four liang, Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) three liang, Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 桂枝), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Licorice Root (Gancao, 甘草) two liang (roasted), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) twelve pieces.
For Taiyang disease (Taiyang Disease) with no sweat, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used. However, the method is altered by adding Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) and Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) to Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). The profound significance lies entirely in the two characters "aversion to wind" (ewu). If there is aversion to wind but not aversion to cold, it does not fall under the category of cold injuring the Ying level (Ying level). Instead, it indicates that the Taiyang exterior syndrome (Taiyang Exterior Syndrome) has not resolved and is about to enter Yangming. Therefore, Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) is used to induce sweating, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) to dispel wind, and Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) is incorporated to block the path into Yangming. If one ignores the disease of the primary channel and preemptively uses channel-guiding herbs, it is equivalent to opening the door to invite thieves. Zhang Zhongjing would certainly not do this.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛) two liang, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) one piece (processed).
The key mechanism of this syndrome lies entirely in the five characters "paradoxical fever, deep pulse" (fan fa re, mai chen). This is because the pathogen of Taiyang (Taiyang) has initially transmitted to Shaoyin (Shaoyin), hence the pulse and symptoms are thus. In the formula, Xixin (Asari Radix) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) are used to warm the Kidney (Kidney) to defend the primary channel and prevent external pathogens from penetrating deeper; Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) is used to disperse the Taiyang (Taiyang) pathogen, allowing it to exit through the original route. With only these three ingredients, the sophistication of the treatment method is so remarkable; if not Zhang Zhongjing, who could achieve this?