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(Originated by Liu Hejian, also known as Tiansan San)
Indications: Typhoid fever (Shanghan), heatstroke, heat in both exterior and interior, irritability with thirst, and dysuria; also diarrhea and dysentery, febrile malaria, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea. It promotes lactation, facilitates fetal expulsion, resolves alcohol and food toxicity, and specifically treats lithiasis (stone strangury).

[Composition] Huashi (Talcum, 6 liang) and Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 liang). Grind into fine powder. Take with cold water or a decoction of Jiaxincao (Centella asiatica / Pennywort stem). (Zhu Danxi stated: For diarrhea and vomiting, take with Shengjiang Tang [Ginger Decoction].)

[Fangjie (Formula Analysis)] This formula acts on the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Huashi (Talcum) has a light qi that can resolve muscle-layer pathogens, a heavy substance that can clear and descend fire, a cold nature that can purge heat, a slippery texture that can unblock orifices, and a bland taste that can promote water metabolism. It causes Lung Qi to descend and flow downward to unblock the Bladder (when Fire pathogen retreats, Lung Qi descends, thus generating fluids and promoting urination). Therefore, it can dispel summerheat, stop diarrhea, relieve irritability and thirst, and promote urination (when urine flows freely, stool becomes solid, and diarrhea stops naturally); Gancao (Licorice Root) is added to harmonize Middle Qi and to moderate the cold and slippery nature of Huashi (Talcum); Chen Sha (Cinnabar) is added to calm the Spirit and purge the pathogenic heat of Bing-Ding Fire (Small Intestine belongs to Bing Fire, Heart belongs to Ding Fire). The ratio of one to six takes its meaning from "Heaven One generates Water, Earth Six completes it" (hence also named Tiansan San). Liu Hejian said: "It governs various diseases in the upper, lower, exterior, and interior." This is because it can clear damp-heat from the Upper, Middle, and Lower Jiao. However, it is suitable only for those with robust constitution and excessive dampness, to resolve summerheat and promote diuresis, allowing damp-heat to exit via urine; if taken excessively by those without damp-heat, it will instead consume body fluids.

Adding a small amount of Chen Sha (Cinnabar) [to clear Heart Heat], it is named Yiyuan San; adding a small amount of Bohe (Mint Leaf) [to clear Lung Heat], it is named Jisu San; adding a small amount of Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) [to clear Liver Heat], it is named Biyu San: all treat the same conditions. Adding Hongqu (Red Yeast Rice) 5 qian, it is named Qingliu Wan: treats red dysentery (red indicates heat damaging the Blood level; Hongqu regulates the blood of the Six Fu Organs). Adding Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) 5 qian, it is named Wenliu Wan: treats white dysentery (white indicates heat damaging the Qi level; Ganjiang disperses damp-heat Qi). Adding Sheng Baiye (Fresh Cupressus Leaf), Sheng Cheqiancao (Fresh Plantago Seed/Herb), and Sheng Oujie (Fresh Lotus Rhizome Node), it is named Sansheng Yiyuan San: treats bloody dysentery. Adding Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), it treats deficiency irritability with insomnia. Removing Gancao (Licorice Root) and adding Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit) 1 liang, it named Zhuyu Liuyi San: treats acid regurgitation due to damp-heat. Removing Huashi (Talcum) and adding Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) 6 liang, decocted with Dazao (Jujube Fruit), taken hot, it is named Huangqin Liuyi San: treats various deficiency syndromes... (Text truncated here)