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The Six Excesses (Liu Yin) refer to Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, and Fire. Among these six pathogens, Wind is primary; thus, the classics state: "Wind is the leader of a hundred diseases." Regarding its variations, mild cases may cause heaviness, while severe cases lead to... (text missing)... Xi once...

(From *Qianjin Fang*)

Treats stroke leading to loss of consciousness, dispersion of spirit and qi, hemiplegia, muscle spasm and contracture, deviation of the mouth and eyes, dysarthria, wind-damp lower back pain, excessive phlegm-fire, stroke affecting the Six Channels, as well as rigid and flaccid spasms. (Explanation: Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire causes phlegm to surge upward with the fire, resulting in loss of consciousness; blood deficiency with wind invading the left side of the body leads to left-sided hemiplegia; qi deficiency with wind invading the right side leads to right-sided hemiplegia; wind striking the sinews causes spasms; wind striking the face and mouth causes deviation; wind striking the root of the tongue causes speech impediment; wind-damp striking the waist causes lower back pain; spasm refers to stiffness of the neck and back, and opisthotonos of the hands and feet. Flaccid spasm occurs with sweating due to wind dispersing qi; rigid spasm occurs without sweating due to cold constricting blood; there are also cases of spasm caused by blood deficiency failing to nourish the sinews. If a stroke patient has an open mouth, it indicates Heart Qi exhaustion; a hand that falls limp indicates Spleen Qi exhaustion; closed eyes indicate Liver Qi exhaustion; urinary incontinence indicates Kidney Qi exhaustion; stertorous breathing indicates Lung Qi exhaustion; vomiting froth, staring fixedly, hair standing erect, head shaking, face red like makeup, and sweat beading like pearls all indicate incurable conditions. If only one or two symptoms appear, survival is still possible. The chapter on Stroke in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: "The pulse at the Cun position is floating and tight. Tight indicates Cold, floating indicates Deficiency. When Deficiency and Cold contend, the pathogen is in the skin. Floating indicates Blood Deficiency and emptiness of the collaterals. The thief pathogen cannot be expelled, affecting either the left or right side. The side affected by the pathogen becomes relaxed, while the side of the righteous qi becomes tense. The righteous qi pulls toward the pathogen, causing deviation of the mouth and limbs not moving freely. If the pathogen is in the collaterals, the skin and flesh become numb. If the pathogen is in the channels, the spine feels heavy and cannot extend. If the pathogen enters the Fu organs, the person loses awareness. If the pathogen enters the Zang organs, the tongue becomes stiff and difficult to move, and saliva foams from the mouth. Explanation: In 'Zhong Luo' (Stroke of Collaterals), the pathogen has just entered the Wei level, remaining outside the channels, hence only skin numbness occurs. In 'Zhong Jing' (Stroke of Channels), the pathogen enters the Ying vessels, causing both bone and flesh to lose nourishment, hence the body feels heavy. As for 'Zhong Fu' (Stroke of Fu organs) and 'Zhong Zang' (Stroke of Zang organs), the pathogen has moved from exterior to interior, becoming deep. Zhong Fu necessarily involves the Stomach, as the Stomach is the master of the Six Fu organs; Zhong Zang necessarily involves the Heart, as the Heart is the master of Spirit. Wind entering the Stomach causes intense Stomach heat, steaming fluids into phlegm-saliva. The great collateral of the Stomach enters the Heart; when phlegm-saliva is abundant, it blocks the orifices, so Zhong Fu results in loss of awareness. When pathogens from various Zang organs enter the Heart, Spirit loses its master, so Zhong Zang results in tongue relaxation and difficulty speaking, with the Lianquan point opening and saliva flowing. The Lianquan acupoint is under the tongue, connecting to the Kidney, where fluids emerge.)

Fangfeng (1 qian 2 fen), Guizhi, Mahuang, Xingren (skin and tips removed, stir-fried and ground), Chuanxiong (washed with wine), Baishao (stir-fried with wine), Renshen... decocted. For muscle spasm and delayed speech, increase Baishao dosage, add Zhuli; if constipation persists for days with chest discomfort, add Baizhu; for retching, add Banxia; for dysarthria, add Maidong and Huafen; for irritability, thirst, and frequent fright, add Xijiao, Lingyangjiao, and Shigao.

This is a general formula for stroke affecting the Six Channels. Wu Hegao stated: Mahuang and Xingren constitute Mahuang Tang, treating Taiyang Cold Damage; Guizhi and Baishao constitute Guizhi Tang, treating Taiyang Wind Strike; these are essential for stroke patients presenting with exterior syndromes. Renshen and Gancao tonify Qi; Chuanxiong and Baishao nourish Blood; this treats... Qin. The disease presents chaotically, so the herbs are comprehensive. (Note: There are three methods for treating stroke: releasing the exterior, purging the interior, and regulating the middle. When both interior and exterior symptoms exist, release the exterior first, then purge the interior. *Yi Guan* states: This is the precise formula for direct wind-cold invasion in winter, a variation of Mahuang Tang and Guizhi Tang. Exterior excess syndromes of the Six Channels must be resolved through sweating. If there is obstruction of urination or defecation, use Sanhua Tang or Maren Wan to promote unblocking. However, where pathogen gathers, Qi is necessarily deficient; internal injury is common, so this formula should not be used lightly. Wang Ang notes: This is a standard formula for treating wind, rarely used today, but many ancient and modern wind formulas are derived from it. Yu Jiayan states: The pulse in stroke always has accompanying characteristics. Accompanying Cold makes it floating and tight; accompanying Wind makes it floating and slow; accompanying Heat makes it floating and rapid; accompanying Phlegm makes it floating and slippery; accompanying Qi stagnation makes it floating and choppy; accompanying Fire makes it large and rapid; accompanying Yang deficiency makes it faint; accompanying Yin deficiency makes it rapid or fine as a thread. Faint and slippery indicates headache; slow and迟 indicates decline of Ying and Wei. However, if floating and slow with insufficient righteous Qi, recovery is possible; if rapid, large, and frantic, the pathogen is uncontrollable, and death is certain; if rapid and large but not frantic, survival is possible. *Bao Ming Ji* states: For Jueyin dysentery that does not stop, with a deep, slow pulse, cold extremities, and thick sticky pus and blood, this is difficult to treat. Use Mahuang Tang or Xiao Xuming Tang to induce sweating; this implies that if exterior pathogen lingers internally, dispersing the exterior pathogen will calm the Zang-Fu organs. It also states: For Jueyin wind-diarrhea, apply Yi Lao's Six-Channel modification method. Doubling Mahuang, Xingren, and Fangfeng in this formula creates Mahuang Xuming Tang, treating Taiyang Wind Strike with no sweat and aversion to cold. [Text missing] ...Zhimu... Xuming... Taiyin... Huo... Ren (*Yuji Weiyi* states: This formula does not distinguish channels, nor differentiate between Cold, Heat, Deficiency, and Excess; what good is it even if used often? Yi Lao's differentiation by Six Channels represents flexible methods). Removing Fangfeng, Fangji, Fuzi, and Baishao, and adding Danggui and Shigao from this formula yields the *Gu Jin Lu Yan* Xuming Tang, treating stroke feib (feib syndrome), characterized by inability to control the body, inability to speak, confusion without awareness of pain location, or stiffness preventing turning over. The *Lu Yan* formula removes Renshen and adds Ganjiang, Huangqin, and Jingjie...