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The *Jingui Zhenyan Lun* (Treatise on the True Discourse of the Golden Cabinet) states: The central direction corresponds to yellow; its essence internally connects with the Spleen, and externally opens into the Mouth. The *Wuzang Shengcheng Lun* (Discourse on the Generation of the Five Viscera) states: The Spleen harmonizes with the flesh, and its luster manifests in the lips. The *Liujie Zangxiang Lun* (Discourse on the Six Jie and Visceral Manifestations) states: The splendor of the Spleen and Stomach is displayed at the "four whites" surrounding the lips (the vermilion border). The *Maidu Pian* (Chapter on Pulse Lengths) states: Spleen Qi communicates with the mouth. When the Spleen is harmonious, the mouth can perceive the flavors of grains. The *Jingmai Pian* (Chapter on Meridians) states: The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian runs alongside the mouth and crosses at the Renzhong point. Its pathological manifestations include dry mouth. The Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian runs alongside the mouth and crosses at the Chengjiang point; its pathological manifestations include sores or rashes on the lips and cheeks ("Zhen" refers to sores or rashes, used interchangeably here). Pathologies of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder manifest as bitter taste in the mouth. When the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian ends, the lips may invert. The *Weiqi Shichang Pian* (Chapter on Abnormalities of Wei Qi) states: If the lips appear cyanotic, yellow, red, white, or black, the disease resides in the muscles. Four formulas are selected here.

Xiebai Tang (Draining White Decoction): Treats Excess-Heat of the Large Intestine, characterized by constipation, umbilical pain, and oral ulcers.
Ingredients: Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (each 5 fen); Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Fuling (Poria) (each 1 qian); Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens) (3 qian).
Administration: Decoct with fresh ginger and jujubes for oral administration.

Huangbai San (Phellodendron Powder): Treats Jianchun (Callosity of the lip, a condition resembling a silkworm cocoon on the lip).
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (2 liang); Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis), Mituoseng (Lithargyrum) (each 2 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2 fen).
Administration: Grind into powder, mix with water, and apply topically. Allow to dry, then reapply until the medicine is exhausted. Subsequently, cut Huangbai into thin slices and apply them directly to the affected lip area.

Wufu Huadu Dan (Five Blessings Detoxifying Pill) (See Volume 78).

Bingbai Wan (Ice and Phellodendron Pill): Treats oral and lingual ulcers.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Pengsha (Borax) (equal parts); Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) (half the amount of others).
Administration: Grind into powder, form pills with honey the size of a bullet. Each time, hold one pill in the mouth to dissolve slowly.

The *Yinyang Yingxiang Daelun* (Great Discourse on Yin-Yang and Their Correspondences) states: The Heart governs the tongue, opening into it. The *Maidu Pian* (Chapter on Pulse Lengths) states: Heart Qi communicates with the tongue; when the Heart is harmonious, the tongue can perceive the five flavors. Speech originates from the Heart but cannot be articulated without the tongue; thus, the tongue is called the sprout of the Heart. Its color is red, its shape is pointed and agile, reflecting the nature of Fire. The *Jingmai Pian* (Chapter on Meridians) states: The Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian connects to the root of the tongue and spreads beneath it. Its pathological manifestations include stiffness and pain at the root of the tongue. The Kidney meridian follows the throat and flanks the root of the tongue; its pathological manifestations include heat in the mouth and dryness of the tongue. The *Kouwen Pian* (Chapter on Questions Concerning the Mouth) states: When Shaoyin Qi becomes disordered, biting of the tongue occurs. The eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and tongue serve as the external openings of the five viscera; therefore, they necessarily reflect changes and diseases within the five viscera, as stated: "When the five viscera are not in harmony, the seven orifices become obstructed." However, meridian pathologies are more common than visceral organ pathologies. If differentiation is not precise, a slight error in judgment can lead to significant clinical mistakes. Only through careful examination and treatment can one achieve success. These four formulas are selected for reference alongside the pediatric section in Volume 78.