留延至秋，寒郁为热，故寒热交争，而为 疟。）秋伤于湿，上逆为咳，发为痿厥；（湿土用事于长夏之
末，故秋伤于湿也。秋气通于肺，湿郁成热则上乘肺金，故气逆而为咳嗽。伤于湿者，下先受之，则为痿为
厥。痿多属热，厥则因寒也。）冬伤于寒，春必温病。（冬伤寒邪，则寒毒藏于阴分，至春夏阳气上升，新
邪外应，乃为温病。藏精者生，不藏者死。）四时之气，更伤五脏。（风暑寒湿，迭相胜负，故四时之气，更
伤五脏，然时气外伤，阳邪也，五脏内应，阴气也，惟内不守而后外邪得以犯之，所以明阴气不守之为病。
）阴之所生，本在五味；阴气五宫，伤在五味。（此下言阴之所以生者在五味，而所以伤者亦在五味也。
五宫，五脏也。味得地气，故能生五脏之阴。若五脏不节，则各有所克，反伤其阴矣。）味过于酸，肝气
以津，脾气乃绝；（津，溢也，酸入肝，过于酸则肝气溢。酸从木化，木实则克土，故脾气乃绝。）
味过于咸，大骨气劳，短肌，心气抑；
（咸入肾，肾主骨。过于咸则伤肾，故大骨气劳。劳，困剧也。咸走血，血伤故肌肉短缩。咸从水化，水
胜则克火，故心气抑。）味过于甘，心气喘满，色黑，肾气不衡；（甘入脾，过于甘则滞缓上焦∶故心气喘满。
甘从土化，土胜则水病，故黑色见于外，而肾气不衡于内。衡，平也。）味过于苦，脾气不濡，胃气乃浓；
（苦入心，过于苦则心阳受伤而脾失所养，气乃不濡。濡，润也。脾气不濡则胃气留滞，故曰“乃浓”。浓
者，胀满之谓。）味过于辛，筋脉沮弛，精神乃殃。（辛入肺，过于辛则肺气乘肝。肝主筋，故筋脉沮弛。
辛散气则精神耗伤，故曰“乃殃”。）是故谨和五味，骨正筋柔，气血以流，腠理以密，如是则气骨
以精，谨道如法，长有天命。（五味入口藏于胃，以养五脏气，故当谨和五味，则骨正筋柔，气血以流。阴
气在里，腠理在外，而曰“腠理以密”者，阳密足以固阴，阴强乃能壮阳也。邪因于外为喘喝，为痿厥，为
精亡，为洞泄、咳嗽，阳病及阴也；病因于内为烦劳大怒，饮食起居不节，为煎厥，为形气绝，为筋脉肠痔，
气逆骨坏，是阴病及阳也。所以首言阳气，以发通天之大本；续言阴气，以备阴阳之义。前言气，气本于天以养
阳也；后言味，味本于地以养阴也。曰“通气“，曰“服天气”，曰“长有天命”，所重在天，则其重在阳
气可知矣。然言地者必该乎天，言阴者必主乎阳也。）
二阳之病发心脾，有不得隐曲，女子不月。（二阳，阳明也，为胃与大肠二经，然大肠、小肠皆属于胃，
此节所言，则独重在胃耳。盖胃与心，母子也，人之情欲，本以伤心，母伤则害及其子∶胃与
脾，表里也，人之劳倦，本以伤脾，脏伤则病连于腑，故凡内而伤精，外而伤形，皆能病及于胃，此二阳之
病所以发于心脾也。不得隐曲，阳道病也。宗筋会于气街，而阳明为之长，既病则阳道外衰，故为“不得隐
曲”，其在女子当为不月，亦其候也。）其薄为风消，其传为息贲者，死不治。（风，木气也。消，枯瘦也。
贲，急迫也，阳明受病，久而传变，
则木邪胜土，故肌体风消；胃病则肺失所养，故气息奔急，气竭于上由精亏于下，败及五脏，故死不治。）
三阳为病，发寒热，下为痈肿，乃为痿厥 。（三阳，太阳也，为膀胱、小肠二经。三阳为表，故病发
寒热，及为痈肿。足太阳之脉，从头下背，贯臀入 ，循 抵足，故其为病则足膝无力曰“痿”，逆冷曰“
厥”，足肚酸疼曰“ 肩”也。 ，音篆。 ，音渊。）其传为索泽，其传为 疝。（阳邪在表为热，则皮
肤润泽之气必皆消散，是为索泽也。 疝者，小腹控睾而痛也。）─阳发病，少气，善咳，善泄。（一阳，少
阳也，为胆与三焦二经。胆属风木，三焦属相火。其为病也，壮火则食气伤肺，故为少气，为咳；木强则
侮土，故善泄。）其传为心掣，其传为膈。（心为君火，而相火上炎则同气相求，邪归于心。心动不宁，
若有所引，名曰“心掣”。又“其传”者，以木乘土，脾胃受伤，乃为膈证。）二阳一阴发病，主惊骇，
背痛，善噫，善欠，名曰风厥。（二阳，胃与大肠也。一阴，肝与心主也。肝、胃二经，皆主
惊骇。背痛者，手、足阳明之筋皆挟脊也。噫，嗳气也，其主在心。欠，呵欠也，虽主于肾，又足阳明病为数
欠。肝与心包风热为邪，而阳明受之，故病名风厥。）二阴一阳发病，善胀，心满，善气。（二阴，心
与肾也。一阳，胆与三焦也。胆经邪胜则侮脾，故善胀。肾经邪胜则乘心，故心满。三焦病则上下不行，
故善气也。）三阴三阳发病，为偏枯痿易，四肢不举。（三阳，膀胱、小肠也。三阴，脾、肺也。膀胱之
脉，自头背下行两足，小肠之脉，自两手上行肩胛，且脾主四肢，肺主诸气，四经俱病，故当为偏枯，为痿
易，为四肢不举。痿易者，痿弱不支，左右相掉易也。）
鼓一阳曰钩，鼓一阴曰毛，鼓阳胜急曰弦，鼓阳至而绝曰石，阴阳相过曰溜。（此举五脉之体，以微盛
分阴阳，非若上文言经次之阴阳也。鼓，有力也。一阳、一阴，言阴阳之微也。脉于微阳而见
鼓者为钩，其气来盛去衰，应心脉也；脉于微阴而见鼓者曰毛，其气来
轻虚以浮，应肺脉也；鼓动阳脉胜而急者曰弦，其气来端直以长而不至甚急，应肝脉也；鼓阳至而绝者，
阳之伏也，脉名曰石。其气来沉以抟，应肾脉也；阴阳相过，谓流通平顺也，脉名曰溜，其气来柔缓
而和，应脾脉也。）
阴争于内，阳扰于外，魄汗未藏，四逆而起，起则熏肺，使人喘鸣。（此兼表里以言阴阳之害也。
表里不和，则或为脏病，阴争于内也；或为经病，阳扰于外也。然或表或里，皆干于肺，盖肺主
气，外合于皮毛，内为五脏六腑之长。魄汗未藏者，表不固也。四逆而起者，阳内竭也。甚至正不胜邪，
则上熏及肺，令人气喘声鸣，此以营卫下竭，孤阳独浮，其不能免矣。）阴之所生，和本曰和。（阴者，
五脏之真阴也。阴之所以生者，以脏气和。脏气之和，以阴阳之和也。不和则为争为扰，为刚为淖，而病由
兴矣。）刚与刚，阳气破散，阴气乃消亡。（此言偏阳之为害也。刚与刚，阳之极也。以火济火，盛极必衰，
故阳气反为之破散，阳气散则阴气不能独存，亦必从而消亡，而阴阳俱绝矣。）淖则刚柔不和，经气乃绝。（
此言偏阴之害也。淖，谓寒湿妄行，阴气胜也。若阳刚阴柔，皆失其和，经气从而败绝矣。）死阴之属，不
过三日而死；生阳之属，不过四日而死。（此言脏气相传，死生有异也。“四日而死”，当作“四日而
已”，盖既属生阳，不当死也。）所谓生阳死阴者，肝之心，谓之“生阳”；（肝之心，自肝传心也。以
木生火，得其生气，是谓“生阳”，不过四日而愈。）心之肺，谓之“死阴”；（心之肺，自心传肺也。
以火克金，阴气散亡，故曰“死阴”，不过三日而死。）肺之肾，谓之“重阴”；（肺，金也。肾，水也。虽
曰母子，而金水俱病，故曰“重阴”，无阳之候也。）肾之脾，谓之“辟阴”，死不治。（辟，放辟
也。土本制水，而水反侮脾，水无所畏，是谓“辟阴”，故死不治。辟，音劈。结阳者，肿四肢；此下言
邪聚诸经之为病也。阳，六阳也。结阳者，肿四肢，四肢为诸阳之本也。）结阴者，便血一升，再结二升，
三结三升。（阴，六阴也。阴主血，邪结阴分则血受病，故当便血。其浅者便血一升，则结邪当解；若不解而
再结，以邪盛也，故便血二升；若又不解，则邪为尤甚，故曰“三结三升”也。）阴阳结邪，多阴少阳曰
“石水”，少腹肿。（阴经阳经，皆能结聚。水邪若多在阴，少在阳者，名曰“石水”。石水者，沉坚在下，
其证则少腹肿也。）二阳结，谓之“消”；（胃与大肠经也，阳邪留结肠胃则消渴善饥，其病曰“消”。）三阳
结，谓之“隔”；（膀胱、小肠二经也。小肠属火，膀胱属水，邪结小肠则阳气不化，邪结膀胱则津液不行，
下不通则上不运，故为隔塞之病。）三阴结，谓之“水”；（脾、肺二经也。脾土所以制水，土病则水反侮
之；肺金所以生水，气病则水为不行，故寒结三阴则气化为水。）一阴一阳结，谓之“喉痹”。（一阴，肝
与心主也。一阳，胆与三焦也。肝、胆属木，心主、三焦属火，四经皆从热化，其脉并络于喉，热邪内结，
故为喉痹。痹，闭也。）
三阳为“经”，（经，大经也。周身之脉，惟足太阳为巨，通巅下背，独统阳分，故曰“经”。）
二阳为“维”（维，维络也。阳明经上布头面，下循胸里，独居三阴之中，维络于前，故曰“维”。）一阳
为“游部”，（少阳在侧，前行则会于阳明，后行则会于太阳，出入于二阳之间，故曰“游部”。）此
知五脏终始。（视此三阳，则五脏之终始可知矣。）三阴为“表”，（三阴，太阴也。太阴为诸阴之表，故
曰，“三阴为表”。）二阴为“里”，（二阴。少阴肾也。肾属水，其气沉，其主骨，故二阴为里。）─阴
至绝作晦朔，却具合以正其理。（一阴，厥阴也。厥，尽也。厥阴之气，应在戌亥，六气不几于绝矣。然阴
阳消长之道，阴之尽也，如月之晦；阳之生也，如月之朔。既晦而朔，则绝而复生，此所谓“一阴至绝作晦
朔”也。由是而始终循环，气数具合，故得以正其造化之理矣。）三阳者，太阳为经。三阳脉至手太阴而弦，
浮而不沉，决以度，察以心，合之阴阳之论；（手太阴，肺经也，本属三阴之脉，然诸脉皆会于
气口，故特以三阳脉至手太阴为言也。下仿此。太阳之脉，本洪大以长，今其弦浮不沉，是邪脉也，乃当决
其衰王之度，察以吾心，而合之阴阳之论，则善恶可明矣。）二阳脉至手太阴，弦而沉急，不鼓，炅至
以病，皆死；（阳明胃脉，本浮大而短，今则弦而沉急，不能振鼓，是木邪侮土，阴气乘阳也，然热至为病者，
尤忌此阴脉，犯之为逆，必皆死也。）一阳脉至手太阴，上连人迎，弦急，悬不绝。此少阳之
病也，专阴则死；（人迎，足阳明脉也，在结喉两旁，故曰“上连人迎”，悬，浮露如悬也。少阳之脉，其体
乍数乍疏，乍短乍长，今则弦急如悬。其至不绝，兼之上乘胃经，此木邪之胜，少阳病也，然少阳、厥阴，
皆从木化，若阳气竭绝，则阴邪独盛，弦搏至极，是曰“专阴”。专阴者死也。）三阴者，六经之所主。（三阴，太阴也。
三阴之脏，脾与肺也。肺主朝会百脉，脾为万物之母，故三阴为六经之主。）交于太阴，伏鼓不
浮，上空志心；（交于太阴，谓三阴脉至气口也。肺主轻浮，脾主和缓，其本脉也。今见伏鼓不浮，则阴盛
阳衰矣，当病上焦空虚，而脾肺之志，以及心神为阴所伤，皆致不足，故曰“上空志心”。志，脏之志也。）
二阴至肺，其气归膀胱，外连脾胃；（二阴至肺者，言肾脉之至气口也。二阴搏至，肾沉不浮者是也。肾脉
上行，其直者从肾上贯肝膈，入肺中，出气口，是“二阴至肺”也。肾主水，得肺气以行降下之令，通调水
道，其气归膀胱也。肺在上，肾在下，脾胃居中，主其升降之柄，故曰“外连脾胃”也。外者，肾对脾言，
即“三阴为表，二阴在里”之义。）─阴独至，经绝气浮，不鼓钩而滑。（一阴独至，厥阴脉胜也。厥阴本脉，
当滑弦长，阴中有阳，乃其正也。若一阴独至，则经绝于中，气浮于外，故不能鼓钩而滑，而但弦无胃，
生意竭矣。）此六脉者，乍阴乍阳，交属相并，缪通五脏，合于阴阳。（六脉者，乍阴乍阳，皆至于手太
阴，是寸口之脉可以交属相并，缪通五脏，故能合于阴阳也。）先至为
主，后至为客。（六脉之交，至有先后，有以阴见阳者，有以阳见阴
者。阳脉先至，阴脉后至，则阳为主而阴为客；阴脉先至，阳脉后至，则阴为主而阳为客。此“先至为主，
后至为客”之谓也。然至有常变，变有真假，常阳变阴，常阴变阳。常者主也，变者客也。变有真假，真变
则殆。假变无虞。真者主也。假者客也。客主之义，有脉体焉，有运气焉，有久暂焉，有逆顺焉，有
主之先而客之后者焉。诊之精妙，无出此矣，肺岂易言哉！）三阳为父，（此详明六经之贵贱也。太阳总领
诸经，独为尊大，故称为父。）二阳为卫，（捍卫诸经阳气也。）一阳为纪，（纪于二阳之间，即
“少阳为枢”之义也。）三阴为母，（太阴滋养诸经，故称为母。）二阴为雌，（少阴属水，水能生物，故
曰“雌”，亦“二阴为里”之义也。）一阴为独使。（使者，交通始终之谓。阴尽阳生，惟厥阴主之，故
为独使。）二阳一阴，阳明主病，不胜一阴，脉 而动，九窍皆沉；（此下言诸经合病，有胜制也。二阳，
土也。一阴，木也。阳明、厥阴相薄，则肝邪侮胃，故阳明主病，不胜一阴。 者，胃气也。动者，肝气也。
(The pathogenic factor lingers until autumn, where cold stagnates and transforms into heat. Thus, cold and heat contend with each other, resulting in malaria.) In autumn, injury by dampness causes dampness to reverse upward leading to cough, developing into flaccidity syndrome (Wei Syndrome) and reversal syndrome (Jue Syndrome); (Damp-earth qi governs at the end of late summer, hence autumn injury by dampness. Autumn qi connects with the Lung; when dampness stagnates and transforms into heat, it attacks Metal (Lung), causing Qi rebellion and cough. Those injured by dampness are first affected below, leading to flaccidity and reversal. Flaccidity mostly belongs to heat, while reversal is due to cold.) Injury by cold in winter leads to warm disease (Wen Bing) in spring. (Injury by cold pathogens in winter causes cold toxicity to hide in the Yin compartments. When Yang Qi rises in spring and summer, responding to new external pathogens, warm disease occurs. Those who store essence survive; those who do not die.) The Qi of the four seasons alternately injures the Five Zang Organs. (Wind, summer-heat, cold, and dampness alternate in victory and defeat, so the Qi of the four seasons alternately injures the Five Zang Organs. However, seasonal Qi is an external Yang pathogen, while the Five Zang Organs correspond internally as Yin Qi. Only when internal integrity is not maintained can external pathogens invade; thus, it clarifies diseases caused by the failure of Yin Qi to maintain itself.) The generation of Yin originates from the Five Flavors; the Five Palaces (Five Zang Organs) of Yin are damaged by the Five Flavors. (This section states that the generation of Yin lies in the Five Flavors, and its damage also lies in the Five Flavors. Five Palaces refer to the Five Zang Organs. Flavors receive Earth Qi, thus nourishing the Yin of the Five Zang Organs. If the Five Zang Organs lack moderation, they mutually overcome each other,反而 injuring their Yin.) Excessive sour flavor causes Liver Qi to overflow, and Spleen Qi to cease; (Jin means overflow. Sour enters the Liver; excessive sour causes Liver Qi to overflow. Sour transforms via Wood; when Wood is excess, it overcomes Earth, causing Spleen Qi to cease.) Excessive salty flavor causes labor in the large bones, shortening of muscles, and suppression of Heart Qi; (Salty enters the Kidney, which governs bones. Excessive salt injures the Kidney, causing labor in the large bones. Labor refers to severe exhaustion. Salt moves into Blood; blood injury causes muscle shortening. Salt transforms via Water; when Water prevails, it overcomes Fire, suppressing Heart Qi.) Excessive sweet flavor causes Heart Qi panting and fullness, black complexion, and imbalance of Kidney Qi; (Sweet enters the Spleen; excessive sweet stagnates the Upper Jiao, causing Heart Qi panting and fullness. Sweet transforms via Earth; when Earth prevails, it affects Water, causing black color to appear externally and Kidney Qi to be imbalanced internally. Heng means balance.) Excessive bitter flavor causes Spleen Qi to become dry, and Stomach Qi to become dense; (Bitter enters the Heart; excessive bitter injures Heart Yang, leaving the Spleen without nourishment, so Qi becomes dry. Ru means moist. When Spleen Qi is not moist, Stomach Qi stagnates, hence "Stomach Qi becomes dense." Nong refers to distension.) Excessive pungent flavor causes sinews and vessels to collapse and relax, and spirit to suffer disaster. (Pungent enters the Lung; excessive pungent allows Lung Qi to attack the Liver. The Liver governs sinews, so sinews and vessels collapse and relax. Pungent disperses Qi, consuming spirit, hence "spirit suffers disaster.") Therefore, carefully harmonize the Five Flavors: bones will be straight, sinews flexible, Qi and Blood flowing, and couli (pores/skin texture) dense. In this way, Qi and bone will be refined; following the Dao and methods diligently ensures a long lifespan. (Five flavors enter the mouth and store in the Stomach to nourish Five Zang Qi; thus, one must carefully harmonize them. This results in straight bones, flexible sinews, flowing Qi and Blood. Yin Qi is inside, couli outside; saying "couli is dense" means dense Yang sufficiently secures Yin, and strong Yin strengthens Yang. External pathogens cause panting, flaccidity, reversal, loss of essence, diarrhea, and cough—Yang disease affecting Yin; internal causes like fatigue, anger, irregular diet/lifestyle lead to burning reversal, exhaustion of form and Qi, sinew/intestine hemorrhoids, Qi rebellion, and bone destruction—Yin disease affecting Yang. Hence, discussing Yang Qi first reveals the great root connecting to Heaven; discussing Yin Qi later completes the meaning of Yin-Yang. Previously discussed Qi, originating from Heaven to nourish Yang; subsequently discussed Flavors, originating from Earth to nourish Yin. Terms like "ventilating Qi," "consuming Heaven's Qi," and "long possessing Heavenly Mandate" emphasize Heaven, indicating the importance of Yang Qi. Yet speaking of Earth must encompass Heaven, and speaking of Yin must prioritize Yang.)
Diseases of the Two Yang meridians originate in the Heart and Spleen, manifesting as inability to disclose private matters, and amenorrhea in women. (Two Yang refers to the Yangming Meridians, comprising the Stomach and Large Intestine channels. However, since Large and Small Intestines belong to the Stomach, this section focuses solely on the Stomach. The Stomach and Heart are mother-son; emotional desires originally injure the Heart, and maternal injury harms the son. The Stomach and Spleen are exterior-interior; physical fatigue originally injures the Spleen, and zang injury affects the fu organs. Thus, internal injury to essence and external injury to form both affect the Stomach, explaining why Two Yang diseases originate in Heart and Spleen. "Inability to disclose private matters" refers to pathology of the Yang pathway. The Zong Jin (tendon sheath) converges at Qichuan, governed by Yangming. Once diseased, Yang pathway declines externally, causing "inability to disclose private matters"; in women, this manifests as amenorrhea, a corresponding sign.) Mild cases are called Feng Xiao (wind-induced emaciation); transmitted severe cases are called Xi Ben (gasping accumulation), which are fatal and incurable. (Feng refers to Wood Qi. Xiao means withered and thin. Ben means urgent. Yangming disease, if prolonged and transmitted, allows Wood pathogen to overcome Earth, causing body emaciation; Stomach disease deprives Lung of nourishment, causing gasping urgency. Qi exhaustion above stems from essence deficiency below, ruining all Five Zang Organs, hence fatal and incurable.)
Diseases of the Three Yang meridians present with chills and fever, abscesses/swelling below, and flaccidity/reversal syndromes. (Three Yang refers to the Taiyang Meridian, comprising Bladder and Small Intestine channels. Three Yang governs the exterior, so diseases present with chills/fever and abscesses. The Foot Taiyang channel descends from head/back, through buttocks into popliteal fossa, reaching the foot; thus, its diseases include foot/knee weakness called "flaccidity," coldness called "reversal," and calf soreness called "shuan". Shuan sounds like zhuan. Shuan sounds like yuan.) Transmitted cases become Su Ze (loss of skin luster) or Shan Han (hernia). (Yang pathogen in exterior causes heat, dissipating skin luster, called Su Ze. Shan Han is pain in lower abdomen radiating to testicles.)
Diseases of the One Yang meridian present with shortness of breath, frequent cough, and frequent diarrhea. (One Yang refers to Shaoyang Meridian, comprising Gallbladder and Sanjiao channels. Gallbladder belongs to Wind-Wood, Sanjiao to Ministerial Fire. Disease manifestation: Vigorous Fire consumes Qi and injures Lung, causing shortness of breath and cough; Strong Wood insults Earth, causing frequent diarrhea.) Transmitted cases become Xin Che (heart palpitations/tugging) or Ge (diaphragm obstruction). (Heart is Sovereign Fire; Ministerial Fire rising seeks similar energy, pathogen returning to Heart. Heart agitation feels like tugging, named "Xin Che." "Transmission" implies Wood overcoming Earth, injuring Spleen/Stomach, forming Diaphragm syndrome.)
Diseases of Two Yang and One Yin primarily present with fright, back pain, frequent belching, and frequent yawning, named Feng Jue (Wind Reversal). (Two Yang: Stomach/Large Intestine. One Yin: Liver/Pericardium. Liver and Stomach channels both govern fright. Back pain occurs because Hand/Foot Yangming tendons flank the spine. Yi is belching, governed by Heart. Qian is yawning, governed by Kidney but also caused by Foot Yangming disease. Wind-heat from Liver/Pericardium invades Yangming, hence named Feng Jue.)
Diseases of Two Yin and One Yang present with frequent bloating, chest fullness, and frequent sighing. (Two Yin: Heart/Kidney. One Yang: Gallbladder/Sanjiao. Gallbladder pathogen overwhelming insults Spleen, causing bloating. Kidney pathogen overwhelming attacks Heart, causing chest fullness. Sanjiao disease blocks upper/lower flow, causing sighing.)
Diseases of Three Yin and Three Yang present as hemiplegia, flaccidity with instability, and inability to move limbs. (Three Yang: Bladder/Small Intestine. Three Yin: Spleen/Lung. Bladder channel descends from head/back to feet; Small Intestine channel ascends from hands to scapula. Spleen governs limbs, Lung governs Qi. Disease in these four channels causes hemiplegia, flaccidity with left-right instability, and limb immobility. Wei Yi means flaccidity unable to support, swaying left/right.)
A pulse beating strongly like a hook indicates One Yang; beating strongly like a feather indicates One Yin; beating strongly and urgently indicates Xian (wiry); beating strongly then vanishing indicates Shi (stone); Yin-Yang intersecting indicates Liu (sliding/smooth). (This lists five pulse bodies, distinguishing Yin/Yang by slight strength differences, unlike the meridian sequence mentioned earlier. Gu means strong. One Yang/One Yin refers to weak Yin/Yang. A pulse showing strong beating in weak Yang is Hook, coming strong and going weak, corresponding to Heart pulse. A pulse showing strong beating in weak Yin is Feather, coming light/vague/floating, corresponding to Lung pulse. Beating Yang pulse winning and urgent is Wiry, coming straight/long but not too urgent, corresponding to Liver pulse. Beating Yang to extremity then vanishing is Stone, representing hidden Yang, coming deep/gathered, corresponding to Kidney pulse. Yin-Yang intersection means smooth flow, named Liu, coming soft/moderate/harmonious, corresponding to Spleen pulse.)
Yin contending internally, Yang disturbing externally, Po Sweat failing to store, Four Reversals arising; arising leads to steaming Lung, causing panting and wheezing. (This discusses Yin-Yang harm combining exterior/interior. Exterior-interior disharmony causes either Zang disease (Yin contending internally) or Jing disease (Yang disturbing externally). Either way, it interferes with Lung, which governs Qi, connects to skin/hair, and leads the Zang-Fu. Po sweat not storing means exterior insecurity. Four reversals arising means internal Yang depletion. If righteous Qi cannot overcome pathogen, heat steams Lung, causing panting/wheezing; this is due to Ying-Wei depletion below and lone Yang floating above, unavoidable.) The generation of Yin, based on harmony, is called He (Harmony). (Yin refers to True Yin of Five Zang Organs. Yin generation depends on Zang Qi harmony. Zang Qi harmony depends on Yin-Yang harmony. Disharmony leads to contention/disturbance, rigidity/flabbiness, and disease.) Rigidity meeting rigidity breaks scattered Yang Qi, and Yin Qi perishes. (This describes harm of Yang bias. Rigidity meeting rigidity is extreme Yang. Fire adding to fire leads to decline; Yang Qi scatters, Yin Qi cannot exist alone, perishing together, ending Yin-Yang.) Flabbiness causes rigidity-flabbiness disharmony, and Jing Qi perishes. (This describes harm of Yin bias. Nao means cold-damp acting wildly, Yin prevailing. If Yang-rigid and Yin-flabby lose harmony, Jing Qi perishes.) Belonging to Dead Yin, death occurs within three days; belonging to Living Yang, death occurs within four days. (This discusses Zang transmission, differing life/death outcomes. "Death within four days" should be "within four days only"; since it is Living Yang, it should not die.) What is called Living Yang vs. Dead Yin: Liver transmitting to Heart is "Living Yang"; (Liver to Heart is transmission from Liver to Heart. Wood generating Fire obtains living Qi, called Living Yang, recovering within four days.) Heart transmitting to Lung is "Dead Yin"; (Heart to Lung is transmission from Heart to Lung. Fire overcoming Metal scatters Yin Qi, called Dead Yin, dying within three days.) Lung transmitting to Kidney is "Chong Yin" (Double Yin); (Lung is Metal, Kidney is Water. Though mother-son, Metal-Water both diseased, called Chong Yin, a sign of no Yang.) Kidney transmitting to Spleen is "Pi Yin", fatal and incurable. (Pi means deviant/unruly. Earth controls Water, but Water insults Spleen; Water fears nothing, called Pi Yin, hence fatal/incurable. Pi sounds like pi.)
Yang Qi knotting causes swelling in four limbs; (This section discusses diseases from pathogen gathering in various meridians. Yang refers to Six Yang meridians. Knotting Yang causes limb swelling; limbs are root of all Yang.) Yin Qi knotting causes rectal bleeding of one sheng; second knotting two sheng; third knotting three sheng. (Yin refers to Six Yin meridians. Yin governs Blood; pathogen knotting in Yin affects Blood, causing rectal bleeding. Superficial knotting bleeds one sheng, resolving pathogen; if unresolved and knots again, pathogen is strong, bleeding two sheng; if still unresolved, pathogen is worse, hence "third knotting three sheng".) Yin-Yang pathogen knotting, more Yin less Yang is called "Shi Shui" (Stone Water), with lower abdominal swelling. (Yin/Yang meridians can both knot. Water pathogen mostly in Yin, little in Yang is Shi Shui. Shi Shui is heavy/firm below, symptom is lower abdominal swelling.)
Two Yang knotting is called "Xiao" (Consumption); (Stomach/Large Intestine channels. Yang pathogen lingering in intestines/stomach causes thirst/polyphagia, disease named "Xiao".) Three Yang knotting is called "Ge" (Obstruction); (Bladder/Small Intestine channels. Small Intestine is Fire, Bladder is Water. Pathogen knotting Small Intestine fails to transform Yang; knotting Bladder fails to move fluids. Lower blockage prevents upper transport, forming Obstruction disease.) Three Yin knotting is called "Shui" (Water retention); (Spleen/Lung channels. Spleen Earth controls Water; Earth disease allows Water to insult. Lung Metal generates Water; Qi disease stops Water flow. Cold knotting Three Yin causes Qi transformation into Water.) One Yin and One Yang knotting is called "Hou Bi" (Throat Bi). (One Yin: Liver/Pericardium. One Yang: Gallbladder/Sanjiao. Liver/Gallbladder are Wood, Pericardium/Sanjiao are Fire; four channels transform to heat, meridians connect to throat. Heat knotting internally causes Throat Bi. Bi means closure.)
Three Yang is "Jing" (Channel); (Jing refers to major channel. Among all pulses, Foot Taiyang is greatest, connecting vertex descending back, solely governing Yang division, hence "Jing".) Two Yang is "Wei" (Support); (Wei means supporting network. Yangming channel distributes to head/face, descends to chest, situated among Three Yin, supporting anteriorly, hence "Wei".) One Yang is "You Bu" (Wandering Part); (Shaoyang is lateral, moving forward meets Yangming, backward meets Taiyang, entering/exiting between Two Yang, hence "You Bu".) From this, one knows the beginning and end of Five Zang Organs. (Observing these Three Yang meridians reveals the beginning/end of Five Zang Organs.) Three Yin is "Biao" (Exterior); (Three Yin refers to Taiyin. Taiyin is exterior of all Yin, hence "Three Yin is Exterior".) Two Yin is "Li" (Interior); (Two Yin refers to Shaoyin Kidney. Kidney is Water, Qi sinks, governs bones, hence Two Yin is Interior.) One Yin reaching extremity acts like Hui Shuo (New Moon cycle), deducing combination to correct principle. (One Yin refers to Jueyin. Jue means end. Jueyin Qi corresponds to Xu/Hai times, Six Qi nearly extinct. However, Yin-Yang waxing/waning: Yin end is like lunar Hui (dark moon); Yang birth is like Shuo (new moon). After Hui comes Shuo, extinction rebirths; this is "One Yin reaching extremity acts like Hui Shuo". Thus cycling continuously, Qi numbers combine, correcting creation principles.)
Three Yang: Taiyang is Jing. Three Yang pulse arriving at Hand Taiyin is wiry, floating not sinking; decide by measure, observe by heart, conform to Yin-Yang theory; (Hand Taiyin is Lung channel, originally Three Yin pulse, but all pulses converge at Qi Kou, so specifically using Three Yang pulse at Hand Taiyin as example. Below follows this. Taiyang pulse is originally洪大长 (large/big/long); now wiry/floating/not sinking is aberrant pulse. Decide its decline/proliferation degree, observe with mind, conform to Yin-Yang theory, good/bad clarified.) Two Yang pulse arriving at Hand Taiyin is wiry, deep, urgent, not beating; heat arriving with illness, all die; (Yangming Stomach pulse is originally floating/big/short; now wiry/deep/urgent, unable to beat vigorously, is Wood insulting Earth, Yin attacking Yang. For heat illnesses, such Yin pulse is especially taboo; violating it is adverse, all die.) One Yang pulse arriving at Hand Taiyin connects up to Renying, wiry/urgent, suspended unceasing. This is Shaoyang disease; exclusively Yin leads to death; (Renying is Foot Yangming pulse, beside larynx, hence "connects up to Renying". Suspended means floating exposed like hanging. Shaoyang pulse varies fast/slow, short/long; now wiry/urgent like suspension, unceasing arrival, additionally attacking Stomach channel, is Wood pathogen victory, Shaoyang disease. Shaoyang/Jueyin both transform via Wood; if Yang Qi exhausts, Yin pathogen dominates, wiry/thready to extreme, called "Zhuan Yin" (Exclusive Yin). Exclusive Yin dies.)
Three Yin is master of Six Channels. (Three Yin refers to Taiyin. Three Yin Zang Organs are Spleen/Lung. Lung hosts hundred pulses, Spleen is mother of all things, hence Three Yin masters Six Channels.) Intersecting at Taiyin, deep/beating not floating, empty upper damaging Zhi/Xin; (Intersecting Taiyin means Three Yin pulse at Qi Kou. Lung governs light/floating, Spleen governs moderate/slack, their original pulses. Now seeing deep/beating not floating means Yin excess/Yang deficiency. Should disease in upper jiao emptiness, Spleen/Lung Zhi and Heart Shen injured by Yin, causing insufficiency, hence "empty upper damaging Zhi/Xin". Zhi is organ's will.) Two Yin arrives at Lung, Qi returns to Bladder, externally connects Spleen/Stomach; (Two Yin arriving at Lung means Kidney pulse at Qi Kou. Two Yin pounding, Kidney deep not floating is so. Kidney pulse ascends, straight branch from Kidney through Liver/Diaphragm, enters Lung, exits Qi Kou, called "Two Yin arrives at Lung". Kidney governs Water, receives Lung Qi for descending command, regulates waterways, Qi returns to Bladder. Lung above, Kidney below, Spleen/Stomach center, governs ascending/descending handle, hence "externally connects Spleen/Stomach". External refers to Kidney relative to Spleen, meaning "Three Yin is Exterior, Two Yin is Interior".) One Yin alone arrives, Jing Qi severed floating, not beating hook-like slippery. (One Yin alone arrives, Jueyin pulse wins. Jueyin original pulse should be slippery/wiry/long, Yin containing Yang, being correct. If One Yin alone arrives, Jing severed inside, Qi floating outside, hence cannot beat hook-like slippery, only wiry without Stomach Qi, life intent exhausted.)
These six pulses, suddenly Yin suddenly Yang, intersecting merging, intricately connecting Five Zang Organs, conforming to Yin-Yang. (Six pulses, suddenly Yin suddenly Yang, all reach Hand Taiyin; Cun Kou pulse can intersect/merge, intricately connect Five Zang Organs, hence conform to Yin-Yang.) First arrival is Master, later arrival is Guest. (Intersection of six pulses, arrival has priority. Some show Yin seeing Yang, some Yang seeing Yin. Yang pulse first, Yin pulse later, Yang is Master, Yin is Guest; Yin pulse first, Yang pulse later, Yin is Master, Yang is Guest. This is "First arrival Master, later arrival Guest". Arrival has constancy/change, change has truth/falsehood. Constant Yang changes Yin, constant Yin changes Yang. Constant is Master, Change is Guest. Change has truth/falsehood; true change is dangerous. False change is safe. True is Master. False is Guest. Meaning of Master/Guest involves pulse body, luck movement, duration, adverse/harmonious, Master first Guest later. Pulse diagnosis subtlety exceeds none here; Lung pulse hard to discuss!)
Three Yang: Father. (Detailing Six Channel nobility. Taiyang leads all channels, uniquely尊大 (honored/great), called Father.) Two Yang: Guard. (Guarding Yang Qi of all channels.) One Yang: Pivot. (Pivoting between Two Yang, meaning "Shaoyang is Pivot".) Three Yin: Mother. (Taiyin nourishes all channels, called Mother.) Two Yin: Female. (Shaoyin is Water, Water generates life, called Female, also meaning "Two Yin is Interior".) One Yin: Sole Envoy. (Envoy means communicating beginning/end. Yin ends Yang begins, only Jueyin governs, hence Sole Envoy.)
Two Yang and One Yin disease, Yangming masters disease, cannot overcome One Yin, pulse [weak] and moving, nine apertures sink; (Below discusses combined channel diseases with overcoming/control. Two Yang is Earth. One Yin is Wood. Yangming/Jueyin clash, Liver pathogen insults Stomach, Yangming masters disease, cannot overcome One Yin. [Weak] is Stomach Qi. Moving is Liver Qi.)