壅塞，分杀其势于大肠，令浊秽脓血，日渐下移为妙。若但清解其上，不引之下出，医之罪也。甚有恶其下利奔迫，而
急止之，罪加等也。
《金匮》甘草干姜汤 甘草（四两炙） 干姜（二两炮） 上 咀，以水三升，煮取一升五合，去滓，分温再
服。
《金匮》射干麻黄汤 射干（十三枚一云三两） 麻黄（四两） 生姜（四两） 细辛（三两） 紫菀（三两）
款冬花（三两） 五味子（半升） 大枣（七枚） 半夏（大者八枚洗一法半升） 上九味，以水一斗二升，先煮麻黄
两沸，去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。
《金匮》皂荚丸 皂角（八两刮去皮用酥炙） 上一味，末之，蜜丸梧子大，以枣膏和汤，服三丸，日三夜一
服。
《金匮》浓朴麻黄汤 浓朴（五两） 麻黄（四两） 石膏（如鸡子大） 杏仁（半升） 半夏（半升） 干
姜（二两） 细辛（二两） 小麦（一升） 五味子（半升） 上九味，以水一斗二升，先煮小麦熟，去滓，内诸药，
煮取三升，温服一升，日三服。
《金匮》泽漆汤 半夏（半升） 紫参（五两一作紫菀） 泽漆（三斤以东流水五斗，煮取一斗五升。） 生
姜（五两） 白前（五两） 甘草 黄芩 人参 桂枝（各三两） 上九味， 咀，内泽漆汁中，煮取五升，温服五合，
至夜服尽。
《金匮》麦门冬汤 麦门冬（七升） 半夏（一升） 人参（三两） 甘草（二两） 粳米（三合） 大枣（十
二枚） 上六味，以水一斗二升，煮取六升，温服一升，日三夜一服。
《金匮》葶苈大枣泻肺汤 葶苈（熬令黄色，糊丸如弹子大。） 大枣（十二
枚） 上先以水三升，煮枣取二升，去枣，内葶苈，煮取一升，顿服。
《金匮》桔梗汤 桔梗（二两） 甘草（二两） 上二味，以水三升，煮取一升，分温再服，则吐脓血也。
《金匮》越婢加半夏汤 麻黄（六两） 石膏（半斤） 生姜（三两） 大枣（十五枚） 甘草（二两） 半
夏（半斤） 上六味，以水六升，先煮麻黄去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。
《金匮》小青龙加石膏汤 麻黄 芍药 桂枝 细辛 甘草 干姜（各三两） 五味子 半夏（各半升） 石
膏（二两） 上九味，以水一斗，先煮麻黄去沫，内诸药，煮取三升。强人服一升，羸者减之，日三服，小儿服四合。
《外台》炙甘草汤 治肺痿咳唾多，心中温温液液者。 甘草（三两炙） 桂枝 生姜（各三两） 麦门冬（半
斤） 麻仁（半升） 人参 阿胶（各二两） 大枣（三十枚） 生地黄（一斤） 上九味，以酒七升，水八升，先煮
八味，取三升，去滓，内胶消尽，温取一升，日三服。 按∶炙甘草汤，仲景伤寒门内治邪少虚多，脉结代之圣方也。
一名复脉汤，《千金翼》用之以治虚劳，即名为《千金翼》炙甘草汤。《外台》用之以治肺痿，即名为《外台》炙甘草汤。
盖以伤寒方中，无治虚劳无治肺痿之条，而二书有之耳。究竟本方所治，亦何止于二病哉？昌每用仲景诸方，即为生心
之化裁，亦若是而已矣。《外台》所取在于益肺气之虚，润肺金之燥，无出是方。至于桂枝辛热，似有不宜，而不知桂枝
能通荣卫，致津液。荣卫通，津液致，则肺气转输，浊沫以渐而下，尤为要药，所以云治心中温温液液者。
《千金》甘草汤 甘草 上一味，以水三升，煮减半，分温三服。 按∶本方用甘草一味，乃从长桑君以后相
传之神方也。历代内府御院，莫不珍之，盖和其偏，缓其急，化其毒，卓然奉之为先务。然后以他药匡辅其不逮，可得
收功敏捷耳。今之用是方，徒见诸家方中竞夸神功，及服之不过少杀其势于三四日之间，究不收其实效，遂以为未必然
耳。因并传其次第，以为学人用方时重加细绎耳。
《千金》生姜甘草汤 治肺痿咳涎沫不止，咽燥而闷。 生姜（五两） 人参（三两） 甘草（四两） 大枣
（十五枚 ） 上四味，以水七升，煮取三升，分温三服。 按∶此方即从前甘草一味方中，而广其法，以治肺痿，胃
中津液上竭，肺燥已极，胸咽之间，干槁无耐之证。以生姜之辛润上行为君，合之人参、大枣、甘草，入胃而大生其津
液，于以回枯泽槁，润咽快膈，真神方也。
《千金》桂枝去芍药加皂荚汤 治肺痿吐涎沫。 桂枝（二两） 生姜（三两） 甘草（二两） 大枣（十枚）
皂荚（二枚去皮子炙黑） 上五味，以水七升，微微火煮，取三升，分温三服。 按∶此方即桂枝汤本方去芍药加皂荚
也，芍药收阴酸敛，非此证所宜，故去之。皂荚入药，胸中如棘针四射，不令涎沫壅遏，故加之。此大治其荣卫之上着
也，荣卫通行，则肺气不壅矣。
《外台》桔梗白散 治咳而胸满振寒脉数，咽干不渴，时出浊唾腥臭，久久吐脓如米粥者，为肺痈。 桔梗 贝
母（各三分） 巴豆（一分去皮熬研如脂） 上三味为散，强人饮服半钱匕，羸者减之。病在膈上者吐脓血，膈下者泻
出，若下多不止，饮冷水一杯则定。 按∶咳而胸满七证，乃肺痈之明征，用此方深入其阻，开通其壅遏，或上或下，
因势利导，诚先着也。虽有葶苈大枣泻肺汤一方，但在气分，不能深入，故用此方。于其将成脓未成脓之时，早为置力，
庶不致脓成则死之迟误，岂不超乎！
《千金》苇茎汤 治咳有微热烦满，胸中甲错，是为肺痈。 苇茎（二升） 薏苡仁（半斤） 桃仁（五十枚）
瓜瓣（半升） 上四味，以水一斗，先煮苇茎得五升，去滓，内诸药，煮取二升，服一升，再服当吐如脓。 按∶此方
不用巴豆，其力差缓，然以桃仁亟行其血，不令成脓，其意甚善。合之苇茎、薏苡仁、瓜瓣，清热排脓，行浊消瘀，润
燥开痰，收功于必胜。亦堂堂正正。有制之师也。
总按∶肺为娇藏，肺气素为形寒饮冷而受伤久久，出汗过多而不瘥，气馁不振，即为肺痿。其风伤皮毛，热伤血脉，
风热相搏，气血稽留，遂为肺痈。肺痿多涎沫，乃至便下浊沫。肺痈多脓血，乃至便下脓积。凡胃强能食而下传者，皆
不死也。夫血热则肉败，荣卫不行，必将为脓，是以《金匮》以通行荣卫为第一义。欲治其子，先建其母，胃中津液，
尤贵足以上供，而无绝乏。后世诸方，错出不一，不明大意，今一概不录，只此《金匮》十五方，而已用之不尽矣。
When there is obstruction, it is advisable to disperse the pathogenic influence into the Large Intestine, allowing turbid filth and pus-blood to gradually move downward. If one only clears and resolves the upper part without guiding the pathogen out from below, this is the physician's fault. Even worse, if one dislikes the patient's urgent diarrhea and hastily stops it, the guilt is even greater.
*Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) Gancao Ganjiang Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction): Gancao (4 liang, honey-fried), Ganjiang (2 liang, roasted). The above two herbs are coarsely crushed, boiled in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 1.5 sheng, strained, and taken warm in two divided doses.
*Jingui Yaolue* Shegan Mahuang Tang (Stemona and Ephedra Decoction): Shegan (13 pieces, or 3 liang), Mahuang (4 liang), Shengjiang (4 liang), Xixin (3 liang), Ziwan (3 liang), Kuandonghua (3 liang), Wuweizi (0.5 sheng), Dazao (7 pieces), Banxia (8 large pieces, washed; or 0.5 sheng per another method). The above nine herbs are boiled in 12 sheng of water. First, boil Mahuang for two boils, remove the foam on top, then add the remaining herbs. Boil until reduced to 3 sheng, and take warm in three divided doses.
*Jingui Yaolue* Zaojiao Wan (Gleditsia Sinensis Pill): Zaojiao (8 liang, scraped of skin, fried with butter). The above single herb is powdered, mixed with honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take three pills at a time, mixed with jujube paste and water, three times during the day and once at night.
*Jingui Yaolue* Nongpu Mahuang Tang (Magnolia Bark and Ephedra Decoction): Nongpu (5 liang), Mahuang (4 liang), Shigao (size of a chicken egg), Xingren (0.5 sheng), Banxia (0.5 sheng), Ganjiang (2 liang), Xixin (2 liang), Xiaomai (1 sheng), Wuweizi (0.5 sheng). The above nine herbs are boiled in 12 sheng of water. First, boil Xiaomai until cooked, strain, add the other herbs, and boil until reduced to 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm, three times daily.
*Jingui Yaolue* Zeqi Tang (Euphorbia Lathyris Decoction): Banxia (0.5 sheng), Zishen (5 liang, sometimes Ziwan), Zeqi (3 jin, boiled in 5 dou of flowing eastward water until reduced to 1.5 dou), Shengjiang (5 liang), Baiqian (5 liang), Gancao, Huangqin, Renshen, Guizhi (each 3 liang). The above nine herbs are coarsely crushed, added to the Zeqi juice, and boiled until reduced to 5 sheng. Take 0.5 sheng warm, finishing the dose by nightfall.
*Jingui Yaolue* Maimendong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction): Maimendong (7 sheng), Banxia (1 sheng), Renshen (3 liang), Gancao (2 liang), Jingmi (0.3 he), Dazao (12 pieces). The above six herbs are boiled in 12 sheng of water until reduced to 6 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm, three times during the day and once at night.
*Jingui Yaolue* Tingli Dazao Xiefei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Lung-Purging Decoction): Tingli (fried until yellow, made into pills the size of a bullet), Dazao (12 pieces). First, boil the jujubes in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng, remove the jujubes, add Tingli, and boil until reduced to 1 sheng. Take all at once.
*Jingui Yaolue* Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction): Jiegeng (2 liang), Gancao (2 liang). The above two herbs are boiled in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 1 sheng. Take warm in two divided doses; pus and blood will be expectorated.
*Jingui Yaolue* Yuebi Jia Banxia Tang (Mahuang and Gypsum with Pinellia Decoction): Mahuang (6 liang), Shigao (0.5 jin), Shengjiang (3 liang), Dazao (15 pieces), Gancao (2 liang), Banxia (0.5 jin). The above six herbs are boiled in 6 sheng of water. First, boil Mahuang and remove the foam, add the other herbs, and boil until reduced to 3 sheng. Take warm in three divided doses.
*Jingui Yaolue* Xiao Qinglong Jia Shigao Tang (Minor Blue Dragon with Gypsum Decoction): Mahuang, Shaoyao, Guizhi, Xixin, Gancao, Ganjiang (each 3 liang), Wuweizi, Banxia (each 0.5 sheng), Shigao (2 liang). The above nine herbs are boiled in 1 dou of water. First, boil Mahuang and remove the foam, add the other herbs, and boil until reduced to 3 sheng. Strong individuals take 1 sheng, weak individuals take less, three times daily. Children take 0.4 sheng.
*Waitai Mi Yao* (Secret Essentials of the External Office) Zhigancao Tang (Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction): Treats lung痿 (flaccidity syndrome) with excessive coughing and spitting of saliva, and a sensation of warmth and fluidity in the heart. Zhigancao (3 liang, honey-fried), Guizhi, Shengjiang (each 3 liang), Maimendong (0.5 jin), Mahan (0.5 sheng), Renshen, Ejiao (each 2 liang), Dazao (30 pieces), Shengdihuang (1 jin). The above nine herbs are boiled in 7 sheng of wine and 8 sheng of water. First, boil the first eight herbs until reduced to 3 sheng, strain, add Ejiao and dissolve completely. Take 1 sheng warm, three times daily. Note: Zhigancao Tang is a sacred prescription by Zhang Zhongjing in the Shanghan Lun for treating conditions where pathogenic factors are few and deficiency is predominant, characterized by knotted pulse. It is also known as Fumai Tang. *Qianjin Yifang* uses it for consumptive disease, naming it *Qianjin Yifang* Zhigancao Tang. *Waitai Mi Yao* uses it for lung flaccidity, naming it *Waitai Mi Yao* Zhigancao Tang. This is likely because the Shanghan prescriptions lack clauses for treating consumptive disease and lung flaccidity, whereas these two books contain them. Ultimately, what diseases does this original formula not treat? Whenever I use Zhang Zhongjing's formulas, I adapt them according to my understanding, just as done here. *Waitai Mi Yao* selects this formula to tonify Lung Qi deficiency and moisten Lung Metal dryness; nothing surpasses this formula. Although Guizhi is acrid and hot, seemingly unsuitable, it is unknown that Guizhi can circulate Ying and Wei, promoting the production of body fluids. When Ying and Wei circulate and fluids are generated, Lung Qi transformation functions normally, and turbid phlegm gradually descends. Thus, it is a crucial herb, explaining why it treats the sensation of warmth and fluidity in the heart.
*Qianjin Fang* Gancao Tang: Gancao. The above single herb is boiled in 3 sheng of water until reduced by half. Take warm in three divided doses. Note: This formula uses only Gancao, a divine prescription passed down since Chang Sang Jun. Imperial hospitals of successive dynasties have cherished it, as it harmonizes bias, relieves urgency, and detoxifies, establishing it as a primary task. Only by assisting its insufficiency with other herbs can swift results be achieved. Those who use this formula today merely see various texts boasting of its miraculous effects. After taking it, the pathogenic influence is only slightly reduced within three to four days, without achieving real efficacy, leading them to doubt its validity. Therefore, I transmit the sequence here so that students may carefully reconsider when using formulas.
*Qianjin Fang* Shengjiang Gancao Tang: Treats lung flaccidity with incessant coughing and spitting of saliva, dry throat, and chest oppression. Shengjiang (5 liang), Renshen (3 liang), Gancao (4 liang), Dazao (15 pieces). The above four herbs are boiled in 7 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Take warm in three divided doses. Note: This formula expands upon the previous single-herb Gancao formula to treat lung flaccidity, where stomach fluids are exhausted upwards, lung dryness is extreme, and the chest and throat are parched and unbearable. Using the acrid and moistening ascending nature of Shengjiang as the chief herb, combined with Renshen, Dazao, and Gancao, it generates abundant fluids in the stomach, reversing dryness, moistening the throat, and relieving chest oppression. It is truly a divine formula.
*Qianjin Fang* Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Zaojiao Tang: Treats lung flaccidity with expectoration of saliva. Guizhi (2 liang), Shengjiang (3 liang), Gancao (2 liang), Dazao (10 pieces), Zaojiao (2 pieces, skin and seeds removed, charred black). The above five herbs are boiled in 7 sheng of water over low heat until reduced to 3 sheng. Take warm in three divided doses. Note: This formula is the original Guizhi Tang with Shaoyao removed and Zaojiao added. Shaoyao collects Yin and is sour/astringent, unsuitable for this condition, hence removed. Zaojiao enters the medicine, acting like thorns shooting forth in the chest, preventing saliva accumulation, hence added. This greatly treats the attachment of Ying and Wei in the upper body; when Ying and Wei circulate freely, Lung Qi is not obstructed.
*Waitai Mi Yao* Jiegeng Bai San (Platycodon and White Powder): Treats cough with chest fullness, chills, rapid pulse, dry throat without thirst, occasional expectoration of turbid foul-smelling sputum, and long-term expectoration of pus resembling rice porridge, indicating Lung Abscess. Jiegeng, Beimu (each 3 fen), Badou (1 fen, skin removed, roasted and ground into fat). The above three herbs are made into a powder. Strong individuals take half a qian bi with water; weak individuals take less. If the disease is above the diaphragm, pus and blood are vomited; if below, it is purged. If purgation is excessive and uncontrolled, drinking one cup of cold water will stop it. Note: Cough with chest fullness and seven other signs are clear indicators of Lung Abscess. Using this formula penetrates the obstruction and opens the blockage, guiding the pathogen up or down according to its tendency. This is indeed a strategic first move. Although Tingli Dazao Xiefei Tang exists, it acts only on the Qi level and cannot penetrate deeply, hence this formula is used. Applying effort early, before pus formation, prevents the delay of death when pus forms. Is this not superior?
*Qianjin Fang* Weijing Tang (Reedmarrow Decoction): Treats cough with slight fever, irritability, fullness, and rough, scaly skin on the chest, indicating Lung Abscess. Weijing (2 sheng), Yiyiren (0.5 jin), Taoren (50 pieces), Gaban (0.5 sheng). The above four herbs are boiled in 1 dou of water. First, boil Weijing until reduced to 5 sheng, strain, add the other herbs, and boil until reduced to 2 sheng. Take 1 sheng; after another dose, pus-like material should be expectorated. Note: This formula does not use Badou, so its action is milder. However, by urgently moving blood with Taoren, it prevents pus formation, which is excellent intent. Combined with Weijing, Yiyiren, and Gaban, it clears heat, expels pus, moves turbidity, eliminates stasis, moistens dryness, and opens phlegm, ensuring victory. It is a dignified and disciplined army.
General Note: The Lung is a delicate organ. Lung Qi is originally injured by cold exposure and cold drinks. If sweating is excessive and does not heal, Qi becomes deficient and listless, resulting in Lung Flaccidity. Wind injures the skin and hair, Heat injures the blood vessels; Wind and Heat combine, causing Qi and Blood stagnation, resulting in Lung Abscess. Lung Flaccidity involves much saliva and phlegm, even passing turbid phlegm in stool. Lung Abscess involves much pus and blood, even passing pus accumulation in stool. In all cases where Stomach strength allows eating and transmission occurs, death is avoided. When Blood is hot, flesh decays; when Ying and Wei do not circulate, pus must form. Therefore, *Jingui Yaolue* prioritizes circulating Ying and Wei. To treat the Child (Lung), one must first strengthen the Mother (Spleen/Stomach). Stomach fluids are especially precious for supplying the Lung upwards without depletion. Later generations' formulas are varied and inconsistent, lacking understanding of the main principle. They are not recorded here. These fifteen formulas from *Jingui Yaolue* are sufficient and inexhaustible.