味苦，寒，无毒。主膀胱热，利小便，补中，益精气，去皮肤中热气，散恶疮疝瘕，强
阴。久服耳目聪明，轻身耐老，使人润泽。一名地葵，一名地麦。生荆州平泽及田野，八月
十月采实，阴干。
味甘，温，无毒。主寒热身肿。久服轻身，长年益寿。十二月采，阴干。
味苦辛，温，微寒，无毒。主恶血，破症结积聚，喉痹，乳难，身体风痒，头
逆，伤肺肺痿，止烦下气，小儿头疮，痈肿阴 。可作摩粉。其叶∶主风痒，可煮以浴。久
服长肌肉，明目轻身。一名旁通，一名屈人，一名止行，一名豺羽，一名升推，一名即梨，
一名茨。生冯翊平泽或道旁，七月八月采实，曝干。
味甘辛，温，无毒。主大风，头眩痛，恶风，风邪，目盲无所见，风行周身，骨
痹，烦满，胁痛胁风，头面去来，四肢挛急，字乳金疮内痉。久服轻身。叶∶主中风热汗出
。一名铜芸，一名茴草，一名百枝，一名屏风，一名 根，一名百蜚。生沙苑川泽及邯郸、
琅邪、上蔡，二月十月采根，曝干。
味苦，微寒，微温，无毒。主心腹邪气，小便不利，淋闭，风湿，鬼疰恶毒。补内虚不
足，疗痞满，身无润泽，出汗。除茎中热痛，杀鬼疰恶毒瓦斯。久服补虚羸，轻身，耳目聪明，
延年。一名龙须，一名草续断，一名龙朱，一名龙华，一名悬梦，一名草毒。九节多味者，
良。生梁州山谷湿地。五月七月采茎，曝干。
[Di Fu Zi (Kochiae Fructus)] Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats heat in the Bladder (Bladder), promotes urination, tonifies the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), benefits essence and Qi, dissipates hot qi in the skin, disperses malignant sores, hernia, and masses (Zheng Jia). Strengthens Yin. Long-term consumption makes the ears and eyes clear, lightens the body, delays aging, and moistens the skin. Also known as Di Kui, also known as Di Mai. Grows in the plains, marshes, and fields of Jingzhou. The fruits are harvested in August and October and dried in the shade.
[Shi Long Chu] Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats alternating chills and fever, and edema. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prolongs life. Harvested in December and dried in the shade.
[Bian Xu (Polygoni Avicularis Herba)] Bitter and acrid in taste, warm in nature, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats bad blood (stasis), breaks up masses and accumulations, treats Bi syndrome of the throat (Hou Bi), difficult lactation, generalized wind-itch, upward rushing of Qi in the head, Lung damage leading to Fei Wei (Lung萎/atrophy), stops irritability and descends rebellious Qi, treats infantile scalp sores, carbuncles, and genital lesions. Can be made into powder for rubbing. Its leaves: primarily treat wind-itch, can be boiled for bathing. Long-term consumption promotes muscle growth, brightens the eyes, and lightens the body. Also known as Pang Tong, also known as Qu Ren, also known as Zhi Xing, also known as Chai Yu, also known as Sheng Tui, also known as Ji Li, also known as Ci. Grows in the plains, marshes, or by roadsides in Fengyi. The fruits are harvested in July and August and sun-dried.
[Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)] Sweet and acrid in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats severe Wind (Da Feng), dizziness and headache, aversion to wind, invasion of Wind pathogen, blindness, Wind circulating throughout the body, Bone Bi (bone joint pain), irritability and fullness, hypochondriac pain and Wind in the hypochondrium, migratory pain in the head and face, spasm and tightness of the four limbs, dystocia, traumatic injuries (Jin Chuang), and internal spasms. Long-term consumption lightens the body. Leaves: primarily treat sweating due to Wind-stroke with heat. Also known as Tong Yun, also known as Hui Cao, also known as Bai Zhi, also known as Ping Feng, also known as [missing character] Gen, also known as Bai Fei. Grows in the rivers and marshes of Shayuan, as well as Handan, Langya, and Shangcai. The roots are harvested in February and October and sun-dried.
[Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen)] Bitter in taste, slightly cold, slightly warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats evil Qi in the Heart and Abdomen, difficulty in urination, Lin syndrome (dysuria) and urinary retention, Wind-Dampness, Gui Zhu (ghostly infection/toxicity), and toxic vapors. Tonifies internal deficiency and insufficiency, treats Pi Man (fullness and obstruction), lack of moisture in the body, and sweating. Eliminates heat and pain in the urethra, kills Gui Zhu and toxic vapors. Long-term consumption tonifies deficiency and emaciation, lightens the body, makes the ears and eyes clear, and prolongs life. Also known as Long Xu, also known as Cao Xu Duan, also known as Long Zhu, also known as Long Hua, also known as Xuan Meng, also known as Cao Du. Those with nine nodes and rich flavor are superior. Grows in the valley wetlands of Liangzhou. The stems are harvested in May and July and sun-dried.