味苦甘，平，无毒。主金疮，止血，逐痛出刺，除风痹内寒，止心烦，鼻衄痈疽，恶疮
乳，妇人产难。久服轻身，耐老增寿。生太山山谷，二月八月采。
味苦，寒，无毒。主解诸毒，杀蛊 疰鬼螫毒。久服头不白，轻身。其叶汁∶杀百药毒，
解野狼毒、射罔毒。其茎叶可以染青。生河内平泽。
味苦酸，平，无毒，主大热火疮，身热，烦邪恶气，诸蛊毒，痂 ，寒热风痹，
花∶主女子漏下赤白，轻身明目。久服通神不老。一名戎火，一名火母，一名救火，一
火，一名慎火。生太山川谷，四月四日七月七日采，阴干。
味甘，寒，无毒。主瘀血，血瘕欲死，下血止血，利小便，除小虫，去痹，除胸中结热，
止烦渴，逐水大吐下。久服轻身耐老。一名麦句姜，一名虾蟆蓝，一名豕首，一名天门精，
一名玉门精，一名彘颅，一名蟾蜍兰，一名觐。生平原川泽，五月采。
味甘，平，无毒。主心腹膀胱寒热，利小便，止血，消瘀血。久服轻身，益气力，延年
神仙。生河东池泽，四月采。
(Wangbuliuxing) Bitter and sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats metal wounds (trauma caused by sharp metal objects), stops bleeding, expels pain and removes embedded thorns, dispels wind-bi and internal cold, alleviates mental restlessness, epistaxis (nosebleed), carbuncles and sores, and pus from malignant ulcers, as well as difficult labor in women. Long-term consumption lightens the body, delays aging, and increases longevity. Grows in the valleys of Mount Tai; harvested in February and August.
(Lancao) Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves various toxins, kills gu poison, zhu ghost afflictions, and venom from insect or snake bites. Long-term consumption prevents graying of hair and lightens the body. Its leaf juice: kills poisoning from hundred herbs, resolves wild wolf poison and she wang poison. Its stems and leaves can be used to dye blue-green. Grows in the plains and marshes of Henei.
(Huoma etc.) Bitter and sour in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats fire sores caused by severe heat, bodily fever, vexation and evil qi, various gu poisons, scabs, and wind-heat bi syndrome. The flowers: primarily treat leukorrhea with red and white discharge in women, lighten the body, and brighten the eyes. Long-term consumption enhances spiritual clarity and prevents aging. Also known as Ronghuo, Huomu, Jiuhuo, [Certain] Huo, and Shenhuo. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Tai; harvested on the 4th day of the 4th month and the 7th day of the 7th month; dried in the shade.
(Blue grass/Ma Lan etc.) Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats blood stasis, dangerous conditions due to xue jia (abdominal masses), hematochezia and hemostasis, promotes urination, eliminates small parasites, dispels bi syndrome, clears heat accumulation in the chest, alleviates thirst and vexation, and expels fluid retention leading to severe vomiting and diarrhea. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Also known as Maijujiang, Xiamalan, Shishou, Tianmenjing, Yumenjing, Zhilu, Chanfulan, and Jin. Grows in the plains and river marshes; harvested in May.
(Zelan etc.) Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats cold and heat disorders in the heart, abdomen, and bladder, promotes urination, stops bleeding, and dissipates blood stasis. Long-term consumption lightens the body, tonifies qi and strength, and extends life like an immortal. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Hedong; harvested in April.
(Lancao type) Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats pathogenic qi in the five zang organs and below the heart, foul breath and oral ulceration, strengthens teeth, brightens the eyes, and sharpens hearing. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Also known as [Certain] Sui and Jiao. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Nanhai.
(Shuixiang/Shichangpu type) Pungent in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily promotes water passage, kills gu poison, wards off inauspiciousness, and clears phlegm-pi in the chest. Long-term consumption tonifies qi, lightens the body, prevents aging, and connects with divine spirit. Also known as Shuixiang. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Dawu; harvested in April and May.