肉痹者,饮食不节,膏粱肥美之所为也。脾者肉之本,气以食,则肉不荣,皮肤不泽,
则纹理疏。凡风寒暑湿之邪易为入,故久不治则为肉痹也。肉痹之状,其先能食,而不能充
悦,四肢缓而不收持者也。其右关脉按举皆无力,而往来涩也。宜节饮食以调其脏,常起居
以安其脾,然后根据经补泻,以求其愈也。
筋痹者,由怒叫无时,行步奔急,淫邪伤肝,肝失其气,因而寒热所客,久而不去,流
入筋会,则使人筋急而不能舒缓也,故名曰筋痹。宜活血以补肝,温气以养肾。然后服饵汤
圆,治得其理,合自瘳矣。不然则害人,其脉左关中弦急而数,浮沉而有力也。
骨痹者,乃嗜欲不节伤于肾也。气内消则不能关禁,中上俱乱,三焦之气,痞而不通,
饮食糟粕,精气日衰,邪气妄入,上冲心舌,其候为不语;中犯脾胃,其证为不充;下流腰
膝,其象为不遂;旁攻四肢,则为不仁。寒在中则脉迟,热在中则脉数,风在中则脉浮,湿
在中则脉濡,虚在中则脉滑,其证不一,要在详明耳。
人病中风偏枯,其脉数而面干黑黧,手足不遂,言语謇涩。治之奈何?在上则吐之,在
中则泻之,在下则补之,在外则发之、温之、按之、熨之。吐谓出其涎也,泻谓通其塞也,
补谓益其不足也,发谓发其汗也。温为驱其湿也,按谓散其气也,熨谓助其阳也。治各合其
宜,安可一揆,在求其本。脉浮则发之,滑则吐之,脉伏而涩则泻之,脉紧则温之,脉迟则
熨之,脉闭则按之,要察其可否,故不能揆治者也。
Rou Bi (Flesh Bi, a type of Bi syndrome affecting muscles and flesh) is caused by irregular diet and the excessive consumption of rich, fatty, and sweet foods. The Spleen is the root of the flesh; its Qi depends on food for nourishment. If dietary habits are improper, the flesh will not receive proper Ying-nourishment, the skin will lose its luster, and the texture (pores/collagen structure) will become loose. Consequently, pathogenic factors such as Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, and Dampness easily invade. If left untreated for a long time, it develops into Rou Bi. The manifestation of Rou Bi includes: initially, the patient can eat but lacks physical vigor and plumpness; the four limbs are flaccid and weak, unable to hold objects. The pulse at the Right Guan position is powerless whether lightly or heavily pressed, and the pulse flow is choppy and stagnant. Treatment should involve regulating the Zang-fu organs through dietary restraint and calming the Spleen through regular daily routines. Subsequently, tonification and sedation should be applied according to the meridians to seek recovery.
Jin Bi (Tendon Bi, a type of Bi syndrome affecting tendons and sinews) arises from uncontrolled anger and shouting, hurried walking and running, which allow perverse pathogens to injure the Liver. This causes the Liver Qi to lose its smooth flow. Subsequently, Cold and Heat pathogens lodge in the body. If they persist for a long time without resolving, they flow into the meeting point of the tendons, causing the tendons to become tight and unable to relax, hence named Jin Bi. Treatment should focus on invigorating Blood to tonify the Liver and warming Qi to nourish the Kidney. Then, administering decoctions or pills, if the treatment follows proper principles, recovery will naturally occur. Otherwise, it will harm the person. The pulse presents as wiry, rapid, floating, deep, and forceful at the Left Guan position.
Gu Bi (Bone Bi, a type of Bi syndrome affecting bones) results from immoderate desires injuring the Kidney. Internal depletion of Qi leads to an inability to secure and close the gates (orifices/essence), causing chaos in the Middle and Upper Jiao. The Qi of the Triple Burner becomes obstructed and blocked. Dietary residues fail to transform properly, Jing-Essence declines day by day, and pathogenic Qi intrudes recklessly. It rushes upward to attack the Heart and Tongue, manifesting as aphasia (inability to speak); it attacks the Middle (Spleen and Stomach), manifesting as emaciation/lack of fullness; it flows downward to the Waist and Knees, manifesting as paralysis/inability to move; it attacks laterally to the Four Limbs, manifesting as anesthesia/numbness. Cold in the interior presents with a slow pulse; Heat in the interior presents with a rapid pulse; Wind in the interior presents with a floating pulse; Dampness in the interior presents with a soggy pulse; Deficiency in the interior presents with a slippery pulse. The syndromes vary, so careful differentiation is essential.
When a person suffers from Zhong Feng Pian Ku (Wind Stroke with Hemiplegia), the pulse is rapid, the face is dry and dark/blackened, the hands and feet are paralyzed/unable to move, and speech is slurred/stiff. How should it be treated? For lesions in the Upper part, use the Vomiting method; for the Middle part, use the Purging method; for the Lower part, use the Tonifying method; for the Exterior part, use Sweating, Warming, Pressing, and Hot Compress methods. "Vomiting" refers to expelling phlegm-saliva; "Purging" refers to unblocking obstructions; "Tonifying" refers to replenishing deficiencies; "Sweating" refers to inducing perspiration. "Warming" refers to driving out Dampness; "Pressing" refers to dispersing stagnant Qi; "Hot Compress" refers to assisting Yang Qi. Treatments must suit the specific situation; how can they be uniform? One must seek the root cause. A floating pulse indicates the need for Sweating; a slippery pulse indicates the need for Vomiting; a hidden and choppy pulse indicates the need for Purging; a tight pulse indicates the need for Warming; a slow pulse indicates the need for Hot Compress; a closed pulse indicates the need for Pressing. One must examine suitability, thus treatment cannot be rigidly standardized.