趺阳脉浮而涩。浮则胃气强。涩则小便数。浮涩相搏。大便则难。以脾约麻仁丸主之。
【脾约麻仁丸】
芍药（半斤） 枳实（半斤） 麻子仁（二升） 大黄（一斤。去皮）
浓朴（一斤。炙。去皮） 杏仁（一斤。去皮尖熬）
上六味为末。炼蜜为丸桐子大。每服十丸。日二服。渐加。以利为度。
【润肠丸】治脾胃中伏火。大便秘涩。或干燥不通。全不思食。此乃风结秘、血结秘。皆
令闭塞而不通也。风以润之。血以和之。和血疏风。自然通矣。
桃仁（汤浸去皮） 羌活 大黄（煨） 当归（各半两）
麻子仁（半升）
上以桃仁、麻仁研如泥。入罗末药匀。炼蜜丸如桐子大。每服五十丸至百丸。空心白汤送下。
以通为度。○如不通而滋其荣盛者。急加酒洗大黄以利之。○如血涩而大便燥者。加桃仁、酒洗大
黄。○如风结燥。大便不行者。加麻仁、大黄。○如风涩大便不行者。加皂角仁、大黄、秦艽以利
之。○如脉涩觉身有气涩而大便不通者。加郁李仁、大黄以除气涩。
【当归润燥汤】
升麻 生地黄（各二钱） 麻子仁（研如泥） 当归
熟地黄 生甘草 桃仁泥（研） 大黄（煨。各一钱）
红花（五分）
上 咀。入研药。都作一服。水二盏。煎一盏。去渣。空心宿食消尽。稍热服之。
【犀角丸】治三焦邪热。一切风气。又治风盛痰实。头目昏重。肢体拘急。肠胃燥涩。大
小便难。
犀角（镑末） 黄连（各一两） 人参（二两） 大黄（八两）
黑牵牛（十二两）
上为末。炼蜜丸如桐子大。每服十五丸至二十丸。临卧。温水下。量虚实加减。
【七宣丸】疗风气结聚。宿食不消。兼砂石皮毛在腹中。及积年腰脚疼痛。冷如冰石。脚
气冲心。烦愦。头旋
暗倒。肩背重。心腹胀满。胸膈痞塞。及风毒连头面肿。大便或秘。小便时涩。脾胃虚痞。不食。
脚转筋。挛急掣痛。心神恍惚。眠寐不安。
桃仁（去皮尖。炒六两） 柴胡（去苗） 诃子皮 枳实（麸炒）
木香（各五两） 甘草（炙。四两） 大黄（面裹煨。十五两）
上为末。炼蜜丸如桐子大。每服二十丸。米饮下。食前临卧各一服。以利为度。觉病势退。服
五补丸。此药不问男女老幼。皆可服。量虚实加减丸数。
【七圣丸】治风气壅盛。痰热结搏。头目昏重。涕唾稠粘。心烦面热。咽干口燥。肩背拘
急。心腹胁肋胀满。腰腿重疼。大便秘。小便赤。睡卧不安。又治大肠疼痛不可忍。
肉桂（去皮） 川芎 大黄（酒蒸） 槟榔
木香（各半两） 羌活 郁李仁（去皮。各一两）
上七味为末。炼蜜丸如桐子大。每服十五丸。温水送下。食后。山岚瘴地最宜服。虚实加减之
。
【润肠橘杏丸】此二味降气润肠。服之大肠自无涩滞。久服不损胃气。
杏仁（去皮尖。麸炒） 橘皮（等分）
上为末。炼蜜丸桐子大。每服五十丸。空心温水下。
【麻仁丸】顺三焦。和五脏。润肠胃。除风气。治冷热壅结。津液耗少。令人大便秘难。
或闭塞不通。若年高气
弱。及有风人大便秘涩。尤宜服之。
枳壳（去穣。麸炒） 白槟榔（煨。半生） 菟丝子（酒浸别末） 山药
防风（去叉枝） 山茱萸 肉桂（去粗皮） 车前子（各一两半）
木香 羌活（各一两） 郁李仁（去皮。另研） 大黄（半蒸。半生）
麻仁（别捣研。各四两）
上为细末。入别研药匀。炼蜜和丸如梧桐子大。每服十五丸至二十丸。温水临卧。服之。
【神功丸】治三焦气壅。心腹痞闷。大腑风热。大便不通。腰腿疼痛。肩背重疼。头昏面
热。口苦舌干。心胸烦躁睡卧不安。及治香港脚。并素有风人大便结燥。
火麻仁（另研。如膏） 人参（各二两） 诃黎勒皮 大黄（锦纹者。面裹煨。各四两。
）
上为细末。入麻仁捣研匀。炼蜜为丸。如梧桐子大。每服二十丸。温水下。温酒米饮皆可。服
食后临卧。如大便不通。可倍丸数。以利为度。
论曰。凡脏腑之秘。不可一概治之。有虚秘。有实秘。胃实而秘者。能食而小便赤。当以麻仁
丸、七宣丸之类主之。胃虚而秘者。不能食而小便清利。宜以浓朴汤主之。
【浓朴汤】
白术（五两） 浓朴（姜制） 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙。各三两）
枳实（麸炒） 半夏曲（各二两）
上为粗末。每服三钱。水一盏半。姜三片。枣二个。煎至八分。去渣。大温服。食前。夫胃气
实者。秘物也。胃气虚者。秘气也。
【蜜导煎】阳明病自汗出。若发汗小便自利。此为津液内竭。虽硬不可攻之。当须自欲大
便。宜蜜导煎而通之。及土瓜根与猪胆汁。皆可为导。
蜜（四两）
上一味。熬欲凝。丸如指大。长二寸。头锐。纳谷道中。欲大便时去之。
【半硫丸】除积冷。暖元藏。温脾胃。进饮食。治心腹一切 癖冷气。及年高风秘、冷秘
。或泄泻等。并皆治之。
半夏（汤洗七次。焙干为细末） 硫黄（明净好者。研令极细。用柳木槌子杀过）
上等分。以生姜自然汁。同熬。入干蒸饼末。搅和匀。入臼内杵数百下。丸如梧桐子大。每服
空心。温酒或生姜汤下十五丸至二十丸。妇人醋汤下。
The Fuyang pulse is floating and choppy. Floating indicates strong Stomach Qi, while choppy indicates frequent urination. The interaction of floating and choppy pulses leads to difficulty in defecation. Treat with Pi Yue Ma Ren Wan (Spleen-Restricted Hemp Seed Pill).
[Pi Yue Ma Ren Wan]
Ingredients: Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 8 liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, 8 liang), Maziren (Cannabis Fructus, 2 sheng), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 jin, peeled), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 1 jin, processed with heat, peeled), Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, 1 jin, skin and tip removed, roasted).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above six herbs into powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 10 pills per dose, twice daily. Gradually increase the dosage until bowel movement becomes smooth.
[Runchang Wan] Indicated for latent fire in the Spleen and Stomach causing constipation, dryness, obstruction, and loss of appetite. This constitutes Wind-Obstruction Constipation and Blood-Obstruction Constipation, both leading to blockage. The treatment principle is to moisten to resolve wind and harmonize to resolve blood stasis; harmonizing blood and dispersing wind will naturally restore patency.
Ingredients: Taoren (Persicae Semen, soaked in water, peeled), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, baked), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, each 0.5 liang), Maziren (Cannabis Fructus, 0.5 sheng).
Preparation and Administration: Grind Taoren and Maziren into a paste. Mix with the powdered herbs evenly. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 50–100 pills per dose, on an empty stomach with plain warm water, until bowel movement is unobstructed.
Modifications: If unobstructed but with excessive fluid consumption, urgently add Jiuxi Dahuang (Wine-washed Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) to promote purgation. If blood dryness causes hard stool, add Taoren and Jiuxi Dahuang. If wind-constipation causes failure of stool passage, add Maziren and Dahuang. If wind-dryness causes failure of stool passage, add Zaojiaoren (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spine Seed), Dahuang, and Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix) to promote purgation. If the pulse is choppy with a sensation of Qi stagnation and no stool passage, add Yuliren (Brassicae Semium Periplocas) and Dahuang to remove Qi stagnation.
[Danggui Runzao Tang]
Ingredients: Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, each 2 qian), Maziren (Cannabis Fructus, ground into paste), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Shenggancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Taoren ni (Persicae Semen paste), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, baked, each 1 qian), Honghua (Carthami Flos, 0.5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the herbs. Add the ground ingredients. Prepare as one dose. Add two cups of water, decoct to one cup. Strain. Take slightly warm on an empty stomach after residual food has digested.
[Xijiao Wan] Indicated for pathogenic heat in the Triple Burner, all types of wind pathogens, and conditions of excess wind-phlegm causing dizziness and heaviness of the head and eyes, limb stiffness, dryness and roughness of the intestines and stomach, and difficulty in defecation and urination.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Rhino Ceratios, sliced into powder), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 8 liang), Heiqianniu (Pharbitidis Semen, 12 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 15–20 pills before bed with warm water. Adjust dosage according to deficiency or excess.
[Qixuan Wan] Indicated for accumulation of wind-Qi, retention of undigested food, presence of sand/stones/hair/fur in the abdomen, chronic lower back and leg pain feeling cold as ice, Jiaqi rushing to the heart, restlessness, vertigo and fainting, heavy shoulders and back, abdominal distension and fullness, chest diaphragm oppression, swelling of the face and head due to wind-toxin, constipation, difficult urination, Spleen-Stomach deficiency-type obstruction, anorexia, calf cramps, spasmodic pulling pain, mental confusion, and restless sleep.
Ingredients: Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tip removed, roasted, 6 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed), Hezi pi (Terminaliae Chebulae Pericarpium), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, bran-fried), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 5 liang), Gancao (Liquorice Root, roasted, 4 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, flour-wrapped and baked, 15 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills with rice drink, before meals and before bed. Stop when bowel movement is smooth. If symptoms subside, switch to Wubu Wan. Suitable for all ages and genders; adjust dosage based on deficiency/excess.
[Qisheng Wan] Indicated for abundant wind-Qi obstruction and phlegm-heat binding, causing dizziness and heaviness of head/eyes, thick sputum, vexation, facial heat, dry throat/mouth, stiff shoulders/back, abdominal/flank distension, heavy/painful waist/legs, constipation, dark urine, and restless sleep. Also indicated for unbearable large intestine pain.
Ingredients: Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wine-steamed), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 0.5 liang), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Yuliren (Brassicae Semium Periplocas, skin removed, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind seven herbs into powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 15 pills with warm water after meals. Most suitable for mountainous miasma regions; adjust dosage based on deficiency/excess.
[Runchang JuXing Wan] These two ingredients descend Qi and moisten the intestines. After administration, the large intestine naturally lacks roughness. Long-term use does not damage Stomach Qi.
Ingredients: Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, skin and tip removed, bran-fried), Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills on an empty stomach with warm water.
[Maren Wan] Harmonizes the Triple Burner, regulates the Five Zang organs, moistens the intestines and stomach, dispels wind pathogens. Treats heat-cold binding and depletion of body fluids causing severe constipation or complete obstruction. Especially suitable for the elderly with weak Qi or those with wind disorders suffering from dry constipation.
Ingredients: Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried), Baibinglang (Arecae Semen, baked, half raw), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen, wine-soaked and separately ground), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, forked branches removed), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, coarse bark removed), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, each 1.5 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, each 1 liang), Yuliren (Brassicae Semium Periplocas, skin removed, separately ground), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, half steamed, half raw), Maziren (Cannabis Fructus, separately pounded and ground, each 4 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Mix with separately ground ingredients. Form pills with refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 15–20 pills before bed with warm water.
[Shengong Wan] Indicated for Qi obstruction in the Triple Burner, chest/abdominal stuffiness, large intestine wind-heat, constipation, lower back/leg pain, heavy shoulder/back pain, dizziness, facial heat, bitter taste, dry tongue, chest vexation, and restless sleep. Also treats Jiaqi and chronic constipation in patients with wind disorders.
Ingredients: Huomaren (Cannabis Fructus, separately ground into paste), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, each 2 liang), Helile pi (Terminaliae Chebulae Pericarpium), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, "brocade pattern" variety, flour-wrapped and baked, each 4 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Mix with ground Huomaren. Form pills with refined honey, sized like paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills with warm water, warm wine, or rice drink. Take after meals and before bed. If constipated, double the dosage until bowel movement is smooth.
Discussion: Constipation of the Zang-Fu organs cannot be treated uniformly. There are deficiency-type constipation and excess-type constipation. Excess constipation due to Stomach excess presents with ability to eat and dark urine; treat with Maren Wan, Qixuan Wan, etc. Deficiency constipation due to Stomach deficiency presents with inability to eat and clear, profuse urine; treat with Houpo Tang.
[Houpo Tang]
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 5 liang), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed), Gancao (Liquorice Root, roasted, each 3 liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, bran-fried), Banxiaqu (Pinelliae Fermentatum, each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Make into coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Add 1.5 cups of water, 3 slices of ginger, 2 dates. Decoct to 0.8 cup. Strain. Take very warm before meals. When Stomach Qi is excess, constipation is caused by solid matter; when Stomach Qi is deficient, constipation is caused by Qi stagnation.
[Midao Jian] In Yangming disease with spontaneous sweating, if sweating is induced and urination is free, this indicates internal depletion of body fluids. Although the stool is hard, it should not be attacked with purgatives. Wait for the urge to defecate, then use Midao Jian to facilitate passage. Tuguagen (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) and pig bile can also be used as suppositories.
Ingredients: Fengmi (Honey, 4 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Boil honey until nearly congealed. Shape into suppositories the size of a finger, 2 cun long, with a pointed tip. Insert into the anus. Remove when the urge to defecate arises.
[Banliu Wan] Dispels accumulated cold, warms the Yuan source, warms the Spleen and Stomach, promotes appetite. Treats all kinds of cold-Qi masses in the heart and abdomen, as well as wind-constipation and cold-constipation in the elderly, or diarrhea.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in water, dried and ground to fine powder), Liuhuang (Sulfur, pure and good quality, ground extremely fine, treated with a willow wood pestle).
Preparation and Administration: Equal parts. Simmer with fresh ginger juice. Add powder of steamed bread. Mix evenly. Pound in a mortar hundreds of times. Form pills sized like paulownia seeds. Take 15–20 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine or ginger tea. Women may take with vinegar water.