周于蕃曰∶小儿外感风寒,内伤乳食,致咳嗽呕吐,痰涎积聚,宜先用汗法,随将左手
托病
者脑后,令头向前,用右手中、食两指,插入喉间揉舌根,令吐。有乳吐乳,有食吐食,有
痰吐痰。如初感于一吐之后,病即告退,再按证以手法施治,则愈矣。但孩儿已生牙齿,按
牙关穴,牙关立开。须用竹箸笔杆之类,填牙龈,再入手指,庶免咬伤,须从容入口,恐伤
喉。即或胃无积滞,用此一吐,亦舒通脏腑之气。若由版门推下横纹令吐者,不若按舌之
快也。
按∶仲师栀豉汤、瓜蒂散,吐法也。丹溪以吐中有发散之意。张戴人三圣散等,吐法甚
多。
经曰∶高者越之。又曰上者涌之。先贤用此法,不可胜数。其吐时,宜闭目,以帛束胸腹,
吐不已,则饮以葱汤,皆吐中法也。余于暴感停滞,喉闭痰厥等证,以盐少许糁沸汤,用竹
箸敲二、三百次,连饮数口,以鸡毛鹅翎,蘸汤入喉,随探随吐,将痰涎宿食因而越之,所
感外邪,失所凭根据,实治法快捷方式也。较周氏以手按舌,并先贤用药吐者。不如此欲吐则探,
欲不吐则己。权自我操,可行可止,须量其人体质为之。若气虚体弱,吐宜慎。(惕厉子)
周于蕃曰∶凡小儿未能语者,忽大哭不止,多是腹痛。须令人抱小儿置膝上,医者对面
将两
手于胸腹着力久揉,如搓揉衣服状。又将两手摩神阙,左右旋转数百次,每转三十六,愈多
愈效。再煎葱姜汤加香麝少许,将两手蘸汤于胸腹两边,分推数十次,至百余次,亦为
分阴阳之法,然后从胸口蘸汤,推至脐下小腹并北角等处数十次,其余蘸汤,由横纹推向版
门,皆下法也。总之,胸腹上下,或摩或揉,或搓或推等法,往来轻重,缓急得宜,自然消
化,切勿偏用,庶脏腑不致有反复不宁之患。即有痰滞食积,在回肠曲折之间,药力所不能
到者,此则妙在运动,因之消化而解矣。
按∶汗、吐、下周于蕃所传之法,张氏秘之。其于家中有病者,妇孺皆悉此法,除病极
速。
自余将周法阅明宣着,并于其文义不顺者,从而窜易之,更令读者易习也。虽仲师有温下寒
下法,而此则别有神妙之处,用是法者,自能知之,不待赘言。(惕厉子)
Zhou Yufan stated: When children are affected by external wind-cold pathogens and suffer from internal damage due to milk and food stagnation, resulting in coughing, vomiting, and accumulation of phlegm-fluids, one should first employ the sweating method (a technique to release exterior pathogens through perspiration). Subsequently, use the left hand to support the back of the patient's head, tilting the head forward. Insert the index and middle fingers of the right hand into the throat to rub the base of the tongue, inducing vomiting. If there is milk, vomit the milk; if there is food, vomit the food; if there is phlegm, vomit the phlegm. If the condition was caused by an initial exposure to external pathogens, after vomiting, the pathogenic factors will recede. Then, treating according to the specific syndrome with manual techniques will lead to recovery. However, if the child has already grown teeth, pressing the Jiaguan acupoint (ST6, Stomach Meridian) will immediately open the jaw. One must insert objects such as bamboo chopsticks or pen handles between the gums before inserting fingers, to avoid being bitten. The insertion must be done slowly and carefully to prevent injury to the throat. Even if there is no stagnation in the stomach, this vomiting method can still unblock the Qi of the Zang-Fu organs. Pushing from Banmen (LI11, Large Intestine Meridian) down to the transverse crease to induce vomiting is not as rapid as pressing the tongue.
Commentary: Zhichi Decoction (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) and Gouti Powder (Melon Seed Powder) by Zhang Zhongjing belong to the vomiting method. Zhu Danxi believed that the vomiting method contains the intention of dispersing pathogens. Zhang Dairen's San Sheng San (Three Holy Powders) and other formulas represent numerous variations of the vomiting method.
The Classic states: "For conditions located high, use surging/vomiting to raise them." It also says: "For conditions moving upward, use surging/vomiting to expel them." The number of ancient sages who used this method is countless. During vomiting, one should close the eyes and bind the chest and abdomen with a cloth strip. If vomiting persists, drink scallion soup; these are all standard techniques of the vomiting method. For acute exogenous stagnation, throat closure, and phlegm-fainting syndromes, I use a small amount of salt sprinkled into boiling water, stirred vigorously with bamboo chopsticks two or three hundred times. The patient drinks several mouthfuls. Then, using a feather (chicken or goose) dipped in the solution to probe the throat, inducing vomiting as one probes. This causes phlegm-fluids and retained food to be expelled. The external pathogens lose their foothold. This is indeed a rapid therapeutic approach. Compared to Zhou's method of pressing the tongue with hands, or the ancient methods of using herbs to induce vomiting, this method allows one to probe when vomiting is desired and stop when it is not. The initiative lies with oneself; it can be started or stopped at will, but must be adapted to the patient's constitution. If the Qi is deficient and the body weak, vomiting should be used with caution. (Tili Zi)
Zhou Yufan stated: Whenever young children who cannot yet speak suddenly cry incessantly, it is mostly due to abdominal pain. Someone must hold the child on their lap, facing the practitioner. The practitioner uses both hands to knead the child's chest and abdomen with force for a long time, similar to rubbing clothes. Then, rub the Shenque acupoint (CV8, Conception Vessel) with both hands, rotating left and right hundreds of times, thirty-six rotations per set; the more rotations, the better the effect. Next, decoct ginger and scallion soup, add a small amount of Musk (Moschus), dip both hands in the soup, and push separately along both sides of the chest and abdomen dozens to over a hundred times. This is also a method of dividing Yin and Yang. Then, starting from the chest, push with the soup-dipped hands down to the lower abdomen below the navel and the Beijiao area dozens of times. Other movements involve pushing from the transverse crease toward Banmen (LI11, Large Intestine Meridian); these all belong to the purgative method (methods to guide out stagnation and relieve constipation). In summary, whether rubbing, kneading, scrubbing, or pushing on the upper and lower chest and abdomen, the weight, speed, and urgency must be appropriate. Digestion will occur naturally. Do not rely exclusively on one technique, so as to avoid causing unrest in the Zang-Fu organs. Even if there is phlegm stagnation and food retention hidden in the convoluted loops of the intestines where medicinal power cannot reach, the brilliance of this method lies in movement, which promotes digestion and resolves the pathology.
Commentary: The sweating, vomiting, and purgative methods were transmitted by Zhou Yufan and kept secret by Zhang Zhenjian. In his household, women and children all knew these methods, and diseases were cured extremely quickly.
After I thoroughly read and recorded Zhou's methods, and corrected parts of the text that were unclear or awkwardly phrased to facilitate learning for readers: Although Zhang Zhongjing had warm-purgative and cold-purgative methods, this method possesses unique subtleties. Those who use this method will understand it themselves; no further words are needed. (Tili Zi)