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Dan Xiongji (Male Red Rooster): The flavor is sweet, (the *Nanjing* records it as pungent). The nature is slightly warm. It is non-toxic, though some say it has slight toxicity. It primarily treats women's metrorrhagia and leukorrhea with red and white discharge, tonifies deficiency, warms the middle jiao, stops bleeding, calms the spirit, detoxifies, and wards off evil. Chicken comb blood primarily treats difficult lactation and treats vitiligo and various sores. Additionally, if someone dies by hanging but the heart area remains warm, prick to obtain blood and drip into the mouth; for male patients use female chicken blood, for female patients use male chicken blood. If a hundred insects enter the ear, dripping this blood will expel them. The chicken head kills parasites and drives away ghosts. Chicken fat primarily treats deafness. The chicken intestine primarily treats enuresis and urinary frequency with incontinence. The chicken liver and left wing feathers can raise yang and stimulate sexual function. Ji Nei Jin (Chicken Gizzard Lining) is slightly cold in nature, primarily treating diarrhea and dysentery, enuresis, clearing heat, relieving irritability, and treating hematuria, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Chicken feces (Bai Dingxiang precursor) is slightly cold, primarily treating diabetes mellitus (Xiao Ke), chills and fever caused by Cold Damage, breaking stone strangury, promoting urination, stopping enuresis, eliminating scars, and applying externally to treat wind-pain. The hard feathers of the chicken wings primarily treat lower body bleeding and amenorrhea. Black female chickens primarily treat Bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, as well as the "five slackness and six urgency" conditions. They can calm the fetus, tonify postpartum debility, treat carbuncles and ulcers to drain pus, and tonify new blood. Chicken blood primarily treats abdominal pain from sudden evil invasion, fracture pain, and mastitis. Yellow female chickens have a sweet and sour flavor, primarily treating internal injury with diabetes mellitus, urinary frequency with incontinence, and intestinal diarrhea/dysentery. They tonify the five zang organs, heal severe injuries, stop labor-induced weakness, tonify essence, and assist yang. Chicken eggs primarily clear fire-heat sores and epilepsy; they can also be used as ingredients for making Hu Po (Amber) spiritual substances. Egg white is slightly cold, treating heat-red-pain in the eyes, clearing latent heat in the epigastrium, stopping irritability, fullness, cough, and counterflow qi, pediatric diarrhea, difficult labor in women, and retained placenta; after soaking in vinegar for one night, it treats jaundice and breaks severe irritability and heat. Various chicken meats are most important for tonifying debility, hence widely used in dietary therapy formulas. People with wind pathogens should not eat it, nor should those suffering from bone-steaming heat. Zhu Zhenheng said: Chicken belongs to Earth but contains Metal and Wood; its fire nature is tonifying, thus assisting fire in dampness. He also said it belongs to the Xun trigram, assisting liver fire. For enuresis: (Burn one whole chicken including intestines to ash and take orally; males use female chicken, females use male chicken.) For infant thrush preventing suckling: (Burn Ji Nei Jin to ash, mix with breast milk, and apply externally.) For infants suddenly startled, appearing to have pain but unaware of the condition: (Drip a small amount of chicken comb blood into the mouth, the illness resolves.)

Bai E Gao (White Goose Fat): The nature is slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats sudden deafness, instill into the ear. Goose feathers treat She Gong water toxicity, and one may drink its blood or smear it on the body. It also treats extreme cases of pediatric convulsions and epilepsy; burnt to ash, it treats dysphagia. Goose meat is neutral and benefits the five zang organs, treating diabetes mellitus; boil in water and drink the juice.

Bai Ya Shi (White Duck Feces): Primarily kills toxicity from mineral drugs, resolves knotting, disperses accumulated heat. Treats heat-toxin dysentery; grind to powder and take mixed with water. For hot swelling and toxic sores, mix with egg white and apply externally, which is effective. Also good for applying to centipede bite wounds. Duck meat tonifies deficiency, clears heat, harmonizes the zang-fu, and promotes water passages. Treats edema due to disease; ancient formulas use Ya Tou Wan (Duck Head Pill). Alternatively, take one white duck or green-headed duck, prepare as food, cook thoroughly with rice and five flavors into a porridge, and eat immediately for cure.

Yan Fang (Wild Goose Fat): Flavor is sweet, nature is neutral. Non-toxic. Treats wind-induced spasms, stiffness, hemiplegia, and obstructed qi flow. Long-term use tonifies qi, prevents hunger, lightens the body, and promotes longevity.

Zhegu (Partridge): Flavor is sweet, nature is warm. Non-toxic, some say slightly toxic. Treats poison from wild ginger, mushrooms, and gold in Lingnan, and fatal warm miasma; combine with feathers, decoct in wine, and soak/take. Freshly crushed juice taken orally is effective. Do not consume with bamboo shoots.

Que Lv (Sparrow Eggs): Flavor is sour, nature is warm. Non-toxic. Promotes descending qi, treats male impotence, strengthens and heats the area, increases sperm production and fertility. Sparrow brain treats deafness; applied externally, cures frostbite immediately. Sparrow head blood treats Que Mang (night blindness), where vision is lost at dusk. Sparrow meat is very warm, strengthens yang, tonifies qi, warms waist and knees. Winter sparrows are best; pregnant women should avoid eating them. Male sparrow feces is named Bai Dingxiang (White Jasmine), characterized by pointed ends. Collected in May, ground to powder, soaked in Licorice Decoction overnight, dried for use. Treats eye heat-pain, fleshy growths (pterygium) with red/white membranes; mix with fresh human breast milk like thin mud, apply to eyes for immediate resolution, miraculous effect. Resolves abscesses and boils; apply externally for immediate suppuration. For women's leukorrhea and difficult urination, mix with honey and form pills. Treats hernia and masses, rots accumulations, various lumps, and Fu Liang (subdiaphragmatic mass).

Fu Yi (Bat, alias Bian Fu): Flavor is salty, nature is neutral. Non-toxic. (Amaranth seed and Cloud Milk Vetch root act as guides. Grows in deep mountain valleys and old house walls. Collect after Start of Summer, shade dry. Those weighing one jin, white as snow, collected while hanging upside down are best.) Treats closed eyes and improves vision, seeing clearly at night with bright light. Long-term use brings joy, beauty, worry-free life, and longevity. Also treats five types of strangury, promotes water passages. Drip blood into eyes to see objects at night. Feces is named Ye Ming Sha (Night-Bright Sand); stir-fried for treating scrofula; burnt to ash and taken with wine (one cun cube dose) for treating fetal death in the womb. Also treats pediatric Wugu malnutrition; roast, crush to powder, mix with rice arbitrarily for the child to eat.

Yan Shi (Swallow Droppings): Flavor is pungent, nature is neutral. Toxic. (House swallow droppings are used medicinally.) Treats insect poison and Gui Zhu (ghost transmission), drives away inauspicious evil qi. Breaks five stranguries, promotes urination. Swallow nests and droppings are similar; often made into soup to bathe children to treat fright pathogens.

Ying Yan Jing (Eagle Eyes): Grind with breast milk, instill into eyes three times at night; within three days, one can see objects in the blue sky.

Wu Ya (Crow): Nature is neutral, non-toxic. Treats wasting-thirst cough and bone-steaming consumption. In the twelfth lunar month, bake in a clay bottle sealed with mud until cooked, turn to ash, and take mixed with liquid.

Qu Yu Rou (Myna Meat - best from 12th month): Treats five hemorrhoids, stops bleeding, treats chronic cough and hiccups; roast and eat or make into powder and take with liquid. Pupil mixed with breast milk, ground and applied to eyes, greatly improves vision.

Xiong Que (Male Magpie): Flavor is sweet, nature is cold. Non-toxic. (Burn to ash; if it disperses when thrown with a stone, it is male. Hard to distinguish bird sexes generally; if left wing covers right, it is male; if right covers left, it is female.) Treats stone strangury, clears constrained heat; burn to ash, leach juice, and drink. Old nests treat mania, ghost possession, and Gu poison; burn while calling out the name of the offending spirit; also good for applying to sores.

Lu Ci Tou (Cormorant Head): Nature is slightly cold. Treats fishbone choking and dysphagia; burn and take orally.

Zhuo Mu Niao (Woodpecker): Nature is neutral, non-toxic. Treats hemorrhoidal fistulas; burn to ash, take with wine. For dental caries caused by parasites, burn to powder and insert into tooth cavity. *Huainanzi* states: Woodpecker cures dental caries.

Yu Gou (Kingfisher, alias Cui Niao): Flavor is salty, non-toxic. Treats fishbone stuck in flesh that cannot be removed; for severe pain, burn until black, grind to powder, take in one dose; boiling juice to drink is also good.