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*Bencao Faming* (Inventions of Materia Medica) states: The medical classics assert that the Qi of Yang is named after the swift wind of heaven and earth. Therefore, "Zhongfeng" (Stroke/Wind-Strike) does not refer to an external pathogenic wind invading the body, but rather a disease originating from the body's own vital Qi. Individuals who have passed forty years of age, a period when Qi declines, or those whose Qi has been damaged by emotions such as worry, joy, or anger, are prone to this ailment; it is typically absent during one's prime. If obese individuals occasionally suffer from it, it is also due to a condition where the physical form is robust but the vital Qi is deficient. The treatment principle should focus on harmonizing the Zang-Fu organs and unblocking the meridians; this constitutes the treatment for wind diseases. However, there are also cases caused by "Zei Feng" (Thieving Wind/External Pathogenic Wind) attacking deficiency. There are three degrees of severity in treatment, as detailed previously regarding the differences between pathogens residing in the channels, fu-organs, and zang-organs.

*Yuanrong* (also known as *Zhu Shi Ji Yan Fang*) states: Diseases caused by alcohol-dampness can also manifest as Bi syndrome (Obstruction Syndrome). Symptoms include deviation of the mouth and eye, hemiplegia, resembling stroke; stiff tongue with improper articulation. In such cases, one must purge damp-toxin and must not treat it as a wind disease using diaphoresis (sweating method). The discussion in *Bencao Yan Yi* (Expanded Meaning of Materia Medica) is highly appropriate, and *Yi Jian Fang* shares this same view.

Liu Hejian states: Wind diseases are mostly caused by extreme heat. The common term "wind" describes the manifestation while forgetting the root cause. Therefore, paralysis resulting from Zhongfeng is not due to an excess of Liver Wood wind suddenly striking the body, nor is it caused by external wind invasion. It is indeed because of improper lifestyle management leading to a sudden暴 (violent/sudden) rise of Heart Fire, while Kidney Water is deficient and unable to control it. This results in Yin deficiency and Yang excess, with hot Qi stagnating and郁 (depressing/blocking), causing the Heart Spirit to become confused and obscured, leading to loss of function in tendons and bones, and sudden collapse with unconsciousness. Most cases of sudden Zhongfeng triggered by the extremes of five emotions (joy, anger, sorrow, worry, fear) are due to extreme heat. If the heat is mild, there may only be temporary stiffness/collapse, but Qi and Blood circulation remains intact, and tendons and vessels do not spasm. In milder cases, the patient returns to normal after the episode; however, if the heat is too severe, causing stagnation and blockage, Yin Qi may suddenly cease, followed by the exhaustion of Yang Qi, leading to death. Phlegm-saliva arises because extreme heat causes water metabolism to transform, generating phlegm accompanied by fire. Hemiplegia (Pian Gu) occurs because one side of the meridians is blocked, causing Bi obstruction on both sides and resulting in paralysis. Jaw lock and tendon tension occur because wind-heat is too excessive, overcoming dampness, and fluids stagnate in the chest and diaphragm to form phlegm-saliva, making the tendons excessively dry; this is because Metal of Dryness governs contraction and rigidity. Alternatively, if tendons are flaccid, it is due to extreme dryness and depletion of blood. Spasms of various tendons are easy to cure, whereas atrophy of various tendons is difficult to recover from. These conditions all depend on the degree of dryness.