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The Spleen resides in the central region (Zhongzhou), and the Stomach is the sea of water and grain. When milk and food enter the Stomach, the Spleen's transformation and transportation function digests them. Subsequently, the water and grain are separated into clear and turbid parts; if the transmission and transformation are appropriate, there will be no worry of vomiting and diarrhea. Whenever a child suffers from incessant upper vomiting and continuous lower diarrhea, it is due to invasion by internal and external pathogenic factors, combined with improper care and irregular intake of milk and food. This leads to weakness of the Spleen and Stomach, where clear and turbid qi interfere with each other, accumulating and transforming into disease. Cases where diarrhea precedes vomiting indicate deficiency-cold of the Spleen and Stomach. The manifestations include first passing watery stool, followed by mild vomiting, slow breath and lethargic expression, sweating on the forehead, and deep, soggy pulses in all six positions; this is a cold pattern. Cases where vomiting precedes diarrhea indicate heat in the Spleen and Stomach. The manifestations include rapid breathing, red lips, flushed face during vomiting, surging and rapid pulses, thirst for drinking fluids; this is a heat pattern. Distinguishing between cold and heat patterns requires careful examination.

For vomiting and diarrhea caused by Wind-Cold, with warm body temperature, alternating chills and fever, coarse breathing, yellowish-white stools, vomiting of undigested milk and food, complete retention of undigested food particles, occasional coughing, and accompanying syndromes of the five Zang organs, it is advisable to first administer Gouteng San (Uncaria Decoction), followed by Yihuang San (Benefit Yellow Decoction) and Xiangpo San (Aromatic Magnolia Bark Decoction). In cases of vomiting and diarrhea accompanied by fever, excessive sleepiness, ability to suckle, incessant drinking, vomiting of phlegm, and yellow watery stools, these are symptoms of Stomach deficiency-heat leading to thirst and diarrhea. One should generate fluids in the Stomach to quench thirst, then administer dispersing and thirst-quenching formulas, primarily Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) and Gouteng San (Uncaria Decoction). If the body is cool during vomiting and diarrhea, with vomiting of bluish-white froth, chest oppression, restlessness without thirst, edema, and eyes half-open (exposed pupils), the Spleen should be tonified. Suitable formulas include Jiajian Sijunzi Tang (Modified Four Gentlemen Decoction), Huoxiang San (Agastache Powder), and Yinbai San (Silver White Powder). For summerheat-induced vomiting and diarrhea with cold extremities, one may select Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Rectify Qi Powder), Wushun San (Five Smoothness Powder), Cheqianzi San (Plantago Seed Powder), or Buhuanjin Zhengqi San (Gold-Unchanging Rectify Qi Powder). If the symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea involve wind-tremors that threaten to develop into Slow Convulsion (Man Jing Feng), refer to the treatise on Slow Spleen Syndrome for treatment.

The *Neijing* states: "When the pulse is floating, it indicates Huoluan (Cholera-like syndrome)." Liu Zongnong stated: "In Huoluan, if the pulse is floating and surging, it is curable; if the pulse is faint and delayed, with shortness of breath and inability to speak, it is difficult to cure." The *Maijue* (Pulse Classic) states: "If an infant vomits immediately after breastfeeding, as long as the pulse is not chaotic, there is no need to worry."