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Yin refers to the Zang organs. If both the Renying pulse (Human Welcome Pulse) and the Qikou pulse (Qi Mouth Pulse) are tight and vigorous, this indicates Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang channel) complicated by food retention, manifesting as simultaneous internal injury and external contraction. Furthermore, diseases of the Yang channels are determined by the Renying pulse, while diseases of the Yin channels are determined by the Qikou pulse. Disharmony in the left pulse indicates disease at the exterior, belonging to Yang, primarily affecting the four limbs; disharmony in the right pulse indicates disease at the interior, belonging to Yin, primarily affecting the abdominal Zang-Fu organs.

Regarding various pulse types, there are differences in their association with the exterior/interior and Yin/Yang in determining disease. Why is this? It is because pulses are categorized into Seven Exterior (Qi Biao), Eight Interior (Ba Li), and Nine Dao (Jiu Dao), totaling twenty-four types. Prior to the Six Dynasties period, such a classification did not exist in pulse diagnosis. However, this originated from the discussions of Gao Yangsheng. Although its principles may not have grasped the essential unity, wise individuals can use it to advance their understanding, which is sufficient for investigating the origin and course of diseases. What are the "Seven Exterior"? They are Floating (Fu), Knotted/Hollow (Kou), Slippery (Hua), Full/Solid (Shi), Bowstring (Xian), Tight (Jin), and Surging (Hong). The rhyme states: "Floating feels insufficient on light pressure but abundant on heavy pressure; Kou pulse is hollow in the middle with substance on both sides. Slippy body resembles a pearl with strength within; Full form is robust and long. Bowstring feels like a newly pressed bowstring; Tight resembles a pulled rope twisting; Surging is extremely large on both light and heavy pressure." These are called the Seven Exterior, each distinct. Their corresponding diseases are: Floating indicates Wind-Strike (Zhong Feng); Kou indicates blood loss; Slippery indicates vomiting; Full indicates diarrhea/dysentery, clearly distinguished. Bowstring indicates spasms/tightness; Tight indicates pain; Surging and Large traditionally predominantly indicate Heat.

How about the "Eight Interior"? They are Faint (Wei), Deep (Chen), Slow/Lax (Huan), Choppy (Se), Delayed (Chi), Hidden (Fu), Soft (Ru), and Weak (Ruo). The rhyme states: "Wei comes as if present yet absent; Chen is completely absent on light pressure but abundant on heavy. Chi [Delayed] beats three times per respiration cycle; Ru comes scattered, stopping, fine and still deficient. Fu requires pressing to the bone, resembling Chen; Ruo pulse is deep, faint, and depicted below the fingers. Se pulse is like a knife lightly scraping bamboo, clearly entering the interior like a smooth path." Their corresponding diseases are: Chi indicates Cold; Huan indicates knotting/stagnation; Wei indicates Pi syndrome (fullness obstruction); Se is due to blood deficiency; Chen is due to Qi stagnation; Fu indicates accumulation/masses; Ru indicates insufficiency; Ruo indicates flaccidity of sinews and deficiency of essence/Qi.

What are the "Nine Dao" (Nine Paths)? They are Long (Chang), Short (Duan), Rapid/Irregular (Cu), Intermittent (Jie), Deficient (Xu), Fine (Xi), Replacement (Dai), Firm (Lao), and Moving (Dong). The rhyme states: "Chang pulse flows smoothly through all three positions; Duan pulse does not extend slightly beyond its own position. Xu pulse is slow, large, powerless, and soft; Cu pulse comes rapid and urgent. Jie pulse occasionally stops and is slow; Dai pulse fails to return, causing sighs. Lao pulse is like Xian, deep and full; Dong pulse throbs without fixed location. Xi pulse exists but is thread-like; the forms of the Nine Dao are naturally distinct." Their corresponding diseases are: Chang indicates Yang toxin and Sanjiao heat; Duan indicates Qi congestion and depression unrelieved; Cu indicates Yang Qi constraint often accompanied by stagnation; Xu indicates blood deficiency with heat generating palpitations/fright; Dai indicates Qi consumption; Xi indicates Qi scarcity; Lao indicates Qi fullness and urgency, often indicating pain; Jie indicates accumulated Qi causing oppression and pain; Dong indicates deficiency consumption, bloody dysentery, and metrorrhagia/metrostaxis.

However, the Seven Exterior belong to Yang, the Eight Interior belong to Yin, and the Nine Dao contain both Yin and Yang. Each should be diagnosed according to the Cun, Guan, Chi positions and the associated Zang-Fu organs. If found at the Cun position, it corresponds to disease above the diaphragm; at the Guan position, disease below the stomach; at the Chi position, disease below the umbilicus.

Generally speaking, when Yuan Qi (Original Qi) arrives, the force is harmonious and slow; when Evil Qi (Pathogenic Factor) arrives, the force is strong and峻急 (steep/urgent). Whenever the Chi pulse does not reach up to the Guan position, it is called Yin Extinction (Yin Jue); whenever the Cun pulse does not reach down to the Guan position, it is called Yang Extinction (Yang Jue). If Yin and Yang are mutually extinct, upon what can a person rely? The general outline of pulses is thus concluded.