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Treats conditions where the exterior syndrome of Shanghan (Cold Damage) has not yet resolved, accompanied by palpitations and irritability, or acute abdominal pain, with a pulse that is choppy at the superficial position (Yang) and string-like at the deep position (Yin).

Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction): Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 3 liang), White Peony Root (Shaoyao, 6 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, 3 liang), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 3 liang), Jujube (Dazao, 12 pieces), Maltose (Jiaoyi, 1 sheng).

Take the above six ingredients, add seven sheng of water, decoct to obtain three sheng, remove the dregs, add the maltose, and heat gently over a low fire until dissolved. Divide into three doses.

Ke Yunbo stated: Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is designed to treat exterior syndromes. The addition of Shaoyao (White Peony Root) is due to spontaneous sweating. Spontaneous sweating is inherently an exterior syndrome, but the cause of this sweating, following improper sweating therapy, involves neither excess requiring purging nor pure deficiency requiring tonification alone. Instead, it requires sweet flavors to moderate tension and slightly sour flavors (from Shaoyao) to astringe. Hence, it is named "Jian Zhong" (Establishing the Middle). There are two aspects to "Establishing the Middle": First, palpitations in the heart with irritability; irritability indicates heat, while palpitations indicate deficiency. This formula uses acrid-sweet combinations to disperse heat from the Taiyang channel and sour-bitter combinations to nourish the deficiency of the Shaoyin channel, thereby establishing the palace city of the Danzhong (Pericardium). Second, acute abdominal pain; urgency indicates heat, while pain indicates deficiency. This formula uses acrid flavors to disperse pathogenic factors from the Jueyin channel, sweet flavors to relieve the urgency of the Liver, bitter flavors to drain fire from the Shaoyang, and sour flavors to generate fluids for the Taiyin, thereby establishing the hub of the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach). In cases of insufficient Middle Qi injured by fatigue rather than external wind-cold, the *Jinkui Yaolue* adds Huangqi (Astragalus Root) to secure the Couli (pores) and protect the skin, allowing symptoms of blood loss and essence depletion to settle. This illustrates the principle that when Yang Qi is dense, the exterior is secured.

(Attached: Yincheng Wuling San / Coix Seed and Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria Decoction)

Treats conditions with a floating pulse, difficulty in urination, slight fever, and excessive thirst; or after sweating therapy, if the pulse remains floating and rapid with irritability and extreme thirst; or wind-strike with fever persisting for six to seven days without resolution, accompanied by irritability.

Fuling (Poria, 18 zhu), Zhuling (Polyporus, 18 zhu), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 18 zhu), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 5 qian).

Grind the above five herbs into powder. Mix with rice water and take one fangcun bi per dose, three times daily.

Cheng Jiaoqian stated: When superficial pathogens transmit to the Bladder, they invade the root organ. The patient will certainly experience thirst and difficulty in urination, making diuretic therapy appropriate. (Text fragmentary regarding Shanghan Wuling San indications...)

Zhao Yuhuang stated: Water in the human body exists in two forms: True Water and Guest Water. True Water is governed by Tianyi (the Kidney/Pre-heaven); Guest Water refers to ingested fluids. If fluid metabolism fails, stagnation occurs, leading to lethargy and wandering fluid retention. Ancient sages said: Water requires Fire to move; without Fire, water does not flow.

Luo Dongyi stated: The use of Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) in Shanghan is indeed for Taiyang cold pathogens invading the root, with heat in the Bladder, thus using the formula to promote urination and drain heat. However, the inclusion of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) serves to ventilate and expel pathogens... (Text fragmentary, continuing with discussions on Spleen deficiency, dampness, and jaundice).