味苦，温，无毒。主充肌肤，益气，令人暴肥，血脉满盛，不可久服。生田野，五月
八月采。
无毒。一名姜芥。生汉中。
《本经》原文∶假苏，味辛，温。主寒热鼠 ，瘰 生疮，破结聚气，下瘀血，除湿痹。
一名鼠 。生川
味酸，无毒。主下气。以沐浴，生毛发。一名水白，一名水苏。生雷泽。三月采，曝
《本经》原文∶水萍，味辛，寒。主暴热身痒，下水气，胜酒，长须发，止消渴。久服
轻身。一名水华。生池泽。
味咸，无毒。主治皮间积聚暴 ，留气热结，利小便。一名 。生东海，七月七日采
曝干。（反甘草。）
《本经》原文∶海藻，味苦，寒。主瘿瘤气，颈下核，破散结气，痈肿症瘕坚气，腹中
上下鸣，下十二水肿
味咸，微寒，无毒。主治消渴，去热，明目，益气。一名鸿 。如马蓼而大，生水傍
五月采实。
味甘，大温，无毒。主治心腹大寒，温中消谷，强胃气，止泄痢。生江南池泽。
大热，无毒。主治寒冷腹痛，中恶，霍乱，胀满，风邪诸毒，皮肤间结气，止唾血。
生姜，味辛，微温。主治伤寒头痛、鼻塞，咳逆上气，止呕吐。生犍为及荆州、扬州。
九月
又，生姜，微温，辛，归五脏。去淡，下气，止呕吐，除风邪寒热。久服小志少智，伤
心
《本经》原文∶干姜，味辛，温。主胸满咳逆上气，温中，止血，出汗，逐风湿痹，肠
下利。生者尤良。
Muhao (Artemisia japonica): Bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Its main functions are to fill the flesh and skin, benefit Qi, cause sudden obesity, make blood vessels full and vigorous; however, it should not be taken for a long time. It grows in fields and is harvested in May and August.
Jiangjie (Dried Ginger): Non-toxic. Also known as Jiangjie. Grows in the Hanzhong region.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Jasu (Perilla leaf), pungent in taste, warm in nature. It treats chills and fever, scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), neck lumps (scrofula), and sores; it breaks up stagnant Qi, directs downward stagnant blood, and expels damp-bi syndrome.
Also known as Shufu. Grows in Chuan regions.
Shuisu (Perilla frutescens): Sour in taste, non-toxic. Its main function is to direct Qi downward. Bathing with it promotes hair growth. Also known as Shuibai, also known as Shuisu. Grows in Leize. Harvested in March and sun-dried.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Shuiping (Water Fern), pungent in taste, cold in nature. It treats sudden fever with body itching, promotes urination and directs Qi downward, counteracts alcohol toxicity, promotes the growth of beard and hair, and stops Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome). Long-term use lightens the body. Also known as Shuihua. Grows in ponds and marshes.
Haizao (Sargassum): Salty in taste, non-toxic. It mainly treats sudden accumulation of masses under the skin, lingering heat-Qi stagnation, and promotes urination. Also known as Haiyou. Grows in the East Sea, harvested on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month and sun-dried. (Incompatible with Gancao/Glycyrrhiza uralensis.)
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Haizao, bitter in taste, cold in nature. It treats Yingliu Qi (goiter-related Qi stagnation), neck nodules, breaks up and disperses stagnant Qi, treats carbuncles, swellings, zheng jia (masses) and hard Qi, abdominal rumbling above and below, and eliminates twelve types of edema.
Kunbu (Kelp): Salty in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. It mainly treats twelve types of edema, Yingliu accumulated Qi, and malignant sores. Grows in the East Sea.
Daji (Cirsium japonicum): Salty in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It mainly treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), clears heat, brightens the eyes, and benefits Qi. Also known as Hongcao. It resembles Maliao (Polygonum orientale) but is larger, growing by the water. The fruits are harvested in May.
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger): Sweet in taste, very warm in nature, non-toxic. It mainly treats severe cold in the heart and abdomen, warms the middle Jiao to aid digestion, strengthens Stomach Qi, and stops dysentery. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Jiangnan.
Shengjiang (Another record): Very hot in nature, non-toxic. It mainly treats cold abdominal pain, Zhong E (sudden evil invasion), Huoluan (cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea), distension and fullness, various toxins from wind-evil, Qi stagnation under the skin, and stops hemoptysis.
Shengjiang: Pungent in taste, slightly warm in nature. It mainly treats headache and nasal congestion due to Shanghan (cold damage), cough and rebellious Qi, and stops vomiting. Grows in Jianwei, Jingzhou, and Yangzhou. Harvested in September.
Furthermore, Shengjiang: Slightly warm in nature, pungent in taste, enters the Five Zang organs. It removes turbid Qi, directs Qi downward, stops vomiting, and dispels wind-evil and chills/fever. Long-term use leads to diminished willpower and intelligence, and damages the Heart.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), pungent in taste, warm in nature. It treats chest fullness, cough and rebellious Qi, warms the middle Jiao, stops bleeding, induces sweating, expels wind-damp-bi, and treats intestinal discharge/dysentery. The fresh form (Shengjiang) is particularly effective.