味咸，大寒，无毒。主治伤中淋露，下水气，利阴气，益精。一名白幕，一名薇草，一
名春草，一名骨美。久服利人。生平原。三月三日采根，阴干。（恶黄 、干姜、干漆、山
茱萸、大枣。）
《本经》原文∶白薇，味苦，平。主暴中风身热肢满，忽忽不知人，狂惑邪气，寒热酸
疼，温疟洗洗，发作
味苦。叶，味苦、辛，微寒，有小毒。主治膝痛，溪毒。一名 ，一名常思。生安
六安田野，实熟时采。
《本经》原文∶耳实，味甘，温。主风头寒痛，风湿周痹，四肢拘挛痛，恶肉死肌。久
服益气，耳目聪明，
无毒。主下五淋，除客热在肠胃，止渴，坚筋，妇人崩中。久服利人。一名地菅，一
地筋，一名兼杜。生楚地田野。六月采根。
《本经》原文∶茅根，味甘，寒。主劳伤虚羸，补中益气，除瘀血血闭寒热，利小便。
其苗，主下水。一名
无毒。主除浮肿，胪胀，痞满，寒热，通身疼痛，及乳难喉痹肿，止涕泪。一名重
一名重迈，一名摩罗，一名中逢花，一名强瞿。生荆州。二月、八月采根，曝干。
《本经》原文∶百合，味甘，平。主邪气腹张，心痛，利大小便，补中益气。生川谷。
寒，无毒。生荆楚及人家田园中。五月采，阴干。
《本经》原文∶酸浆，味酸，平。主热烦满，定志，益气，利水道，产难，吞其实立产，
一名醋浆。生川泽
[Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix)]
Salty in flavor, greatly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats lin syndrome and leukorrhea caused by pathogenic factors injuring the middle jiao; it directs water qi downward, benefits the qi of the yin channels, and nourishes essence. Also known as Baimu, Weicao, Chuncuo, or Gumei. Long-term consumption is beneficial to the human body. It grows in plain areas. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month and dried in the shade. (Contraindicated with Huangqin [Scutellariae Radix], Ganjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma], Ganqi [Lacca Resina], Shanzhuyu [Corni Fructus], and Dazao [Jujubae Fructus].)
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Baiwei, bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats sudden wind-stroke accompanied by fever and fullness in the limbs, mental confusion and unawareness of surroundings, mania, delirium, evil qi invasion, alternating chills and fever, and soreness/pain; it treats the shivering sensation of warm malaria during attacks... (text incomplete here)
[Ershi / Difuzi (Kochiae Semen)]
Bitter in flavor. Its leaves are bitter and acrid, slightly cold in nature, with slight toxicity. It primarily treats knee pain and "xi du" (toxic pathogens from mountain streams). Also known as [missing character] or Changsi. It grows in the fields of Anlu and Lu'an; harvested when fruits are ripe.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Ershi, sweet in flavor, warm in nature. It primarily treats head wind headache, rheumatic bi syndrome affecting the whole body, spasm and pain of the four limbs, necrotic flesh and dead muscle. Long-term consumption tonifies qi and clarifies the ears and eyes. Non-toxic. It primarily treats five types of lin syndrome, eliminates guest heat in the stomach and intestines, stops thirst, strengthens sinews, and treats metrorrhagia in women. Long-term consumption is beneficial. Also known as Dijian, Dijin, or Jiandu. It grows in the fields of Chu. Roots are harvested in the sixth lunar month.
[Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma)]
Sweet in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats edema, abdominal distension, epigastric fullness/stuffiness, alternating chills and fever, generalized body pain, as well as difficult lactation, pharyngitis with swelling, and excessive tearing. Also known as Chong[missing character], Chongmai, Moluo, Zhongfenghua, or Qiangju. It grows in the Jingzhou region. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and sun-dried.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Baihe (Lilii Bulbus), sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats abdominal distension caused by evil qi, heart pain, promotes urination and defecation, and tonifies the middle jiao and benefits qi. It grows in rivers and valleys.
[Suanjiang (Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii)]
Cold in nature, non-toxic. It grows in the Jingchu region and in household gardens. Harvested in the fifth lunar month and dried in the shade.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Suanjiang, sour in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats heat-induced irritability and fullness, calms the mind, benefits qi, promotes water passage, and treats dystocia; swallowing the fruit allows for immediate delivery. Also known as Cujiang. It grows in river marshes.