无毒。主温中，下气，破痰，利水道，开胸中，除喉痹， 鼻风痫，癫疾，下乳结，
不出，血不行，安五脏，益肝胆，通精气。生华阴。二月、八月采根，阴干。（曾青、桑
白皮为之使，反藜芦、恶野狼毒、山茱萸、黄 ，畏滑石、硝石。）
《本经》原文∶细辛，味辛，温。主咳逆，头痛脑动，百节拘挛，风湿痹痛死肌。久服，
明目利九窍，轻身
味甘，微温，无毒。主治诸贼风，百节痛风无久新者。一名胡王使者，一名独摇草。
草得风不摇，无风自动。生雍州，或陇西南安。二月、八月采根，曝干。（蠡实为之使。）
《本经》原文∶独活，味苦，平。主风寒所击，金疮止痛，贲豚痫， ，女子疝瘕。久
服轻身耐老。一名羌
味苦，微寒，无毒。主解毒入口皆吐出，中恶腹痛，时气毒疠，头痛寒热，风肿诸毒
喉痛口疮。久服轻身长年。生益州。二月、八月采根，晒干。
《本经》原文∶升麻，味甘、平。主解百毒，杀百精老物殃鬼，辟温疾瘴邪毒蛊。久服
不夭。一名周升麻。
微寒，无毒。主除伤寒，心下烦热，诸痰热结实，胸中邪逆，五脏间游气，大肠停积
胀，及湿痹拘挛，亦可作浴汤。一名山菜，一名茹草。叶，一名芸蒿，辛香可食。生洪农及
宛朐。二月、八月采根，曝干。（得茯苓、桔梗、大黄、石膏、麻子仁、甘草、桂，以水一
斗煮，取四升，入硝石三方寸匕，治伤寒寒热、头痛、心下烦满。半夏为之使，恶皂荚，畏
女菀、藜芦。）
《本经》原文∶柴胡，味苦，平。主心腹去肠胃中结气，饮食积聚，寒热邪气，推陈致
新。久服，轻身明目
(Xixin, Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Non-toxic. It primarily warms the middle jiao (Middle Burner), directs rebellious qi downward, breaks up phlegm, promotes urination, opens the chest, eliminates bi-syndrome of the throat (Hou Bi), treats nasal wind and epilepsy (Xian Ji), mania (Dian Ji), resolves breast lumps, facilitates lactation, promotes blood circulation, calms the five zang organs, benefits the liver and gallbladder, and unifies essence and qi. Grows in Huayin. Roots are harvested in February and August and dried in shade. (Zengqing, Mulberry Root Bark is its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Veratrum Viride, adverse to Wild Wolfbane, Cornus Officinalis, Scutellaria Baicalensis; fears Talcum and Natrii Sulfas.)
*Shennong Bencao Jing* original text: Xixin, pungent in taste, warm in nature. Primarily treats cough and rebellious qi, headache with brain pulsation, spasms of all joints, painful obstruction due to wind-dampness, and numbness of muscles. Long-term use brightens the eyes, benefits the nine orifices, and makes the body light.
(Duhuo, Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) Sweet in taste, slightly warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats various thief-wind invasions and gouty pain in all joints, whether recent or chronic. Also known as Huwang Shizhe, also known as Duyao Cao. The grass does not sway when there is wind but moves spontaneously when there is no wind. Grows in Yongzhou, or Longnan An. Roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried. (Lishi is its guiding herb.)
*Shennong Bencao Jing* original text: Duhuo, bitter in taste, neutral in nature. Primarily treats strikes by wind-cold, relieves pain from metal wounds, ben-tun epilepsy, [text missing], and female hernia masses. Long-term use makes the body light and enhances resistance to aging. Also known as Qianghuo.
(Shengma, Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Bitter in taste, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily detoxifies; if poison enters the mouth, it can be vomited out. Treats sudden evil abdominal pain, epidemic toxic febrile diseases, headache with chills and fever, wind-induced swelling, and various toxins causing sore throat and mouth ulcers. Long-term use makes the body light and prolongs life. Grows in Yizhou. Roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* original text: Shengma, sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Primarily resolves hundred poisons, kills hundred spirits and old entities that bring misfortune, wards off warm diseases, miasma, evil pathogens, and gu poison. Long-term use prevents premature death. Also known as Zhou Shengma.
(Chaihu, Bupleuri Radix) Slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily clears shaoyang syndrome (Shanghan), heat and vexation below the heart, various phlegm-heat accumulations, rebellious evil qi in the chest, wandering qi among the five zang organs, stagnation and distension in the large intestine, and painful obstruction due to dampness with spasms. It can also be used as a bathing decoction. Also known as Shan Cai, also known as Ru Cao. Its leaves, also known as Yun Hao, have a pungent aroma and are edible. Grows in Hongnong and Wanqu. Roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried. (Combined with Poria, Platycodon Root, Rhubarb, Gypsum, Hemp Seed, Licorice, and Cinnamon Twig, boiled in one dou of water to yield four sheng, adding three square-inch spoons of Natrii Sulfas, to treat shaoyang syndrome with chills and fever, headache, and vexation below the heart. Pinellia is its guiding herb; adverse to Soap Fruit, fears Lady's Mantle and Veratrum Viride.)
*Shennong Bencao Jing* original text: Chaihu, bitter in taste, neutral in nature. Primarily removes stagnant qi in the heart, abdomen, and intestines, resolves food accumulation, dispels cold-heat pathogenic factors, pushes out the old and brings forth the new. Long-term use makes the body light and brightens the eyes.