论曰伤寒喘，其证不一，有邪气在表，表未解，无汗而喘者，有邪气在里，汗出不恶寒，
腹满而喘者，有潮热者，有心下有水而喘者，古人治之，亦各求其本，故在表者当汗，在里
者宜下，至于心下有水而喘，则又当利其小便也，若乃阴证发喘，是为无阳，非灸之不可。
治伤寒心下有水气，咳而发喘。小青龙去麻黄加杏仁汤方
芍药 桂（去粗皮） 甘草（炙） 细辛（去苗叶） 五味子（炒） 干姜（炮裂） 杏
仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒各三两） 半夏（汤浸七遍切焙二两半）
上八味，锉如麻豆大 每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎取七分，去滓温服。
治伤寒下后，不可更行桂枝汤，汗出而喘无大热者。属麻黄杏子甘草石膏汤方
麻黄（去根节沸汤掠去沫焙四两） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒五十枚） 甘草（炙二两） 石
膏（半斤碎）
上四味，锉如麻豆大，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎取八分，去滓温服。
治伤寒太阳与阳明合病，喘而胸满者，不可下。属麻黄汤方
麻黄（去根节先以沸汤掠过焙干三两） 桂（去粗皮二两） 甘草（一两炙） 杏仁（汤
去皮尖双仁七十枚炒）。
上四味，锉，如麻豆大，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至六分，去滓温服，取微汗，不须
啜粥，余如桂枝将息法。
治伤寒心下有水气，肺气虚胀，喘急咽燥。茯苓汤方
赤茯苓（去黑皮） 石膏（各一两半） 芍药（三分） 半夏（一两汤浸七遍炒令干） 细
辛（去苗叶） 桂（去粗皮） 五味子（各半两） 麻黄（去根节沸汤掠去沫焙） 桑根白
皮（锉各一两）
上九味，锉如麻豆大，每服五钱匕。水一盏半，入生姜一分拍碎，同煎至八分，去滓温
服。
治伤寒表不解，心下喘满，及大小便难猪苓汤方
猪苓（去黑皮） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 白术（炒） 麻黄（去根节） 桂（去粗皮） 葶
苈（微炒） 泽泻
上七味，等分，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，生姜三片，同煎至七分，去滓温服。
治伤寒后肺气喘促。马兜铃汤方
马兜铃（一分） 木通（锉一两） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙半两） 紫苏茎叶（一分）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入灯心十五茎，枣三枚劈破，同煎至七分，
去滓食后温服，日二。
治伤寒后肺气上喘。咽喉噎塞，头面虚浮。木香丸方
木香（一两） 昆布（汤洗去咸味焙令干） 海藻（汤洗去咸味焙令干） 干姜（炮裂
各三分） 细辛（去苗叶） 海蛤（别研如粉） 蜀椒（去目及闭口微炒令汗出各半两）
上七味，将六味捣罗为末，入海蛤同研令匀，炼蜜和，更捣三五百杵，丸梧桐子大，每
服空心米饮下十五丸。
治伤寒汗后发喘，壮热不除，大腹皮汤方
大腹皮（锉） 柴胡（去苗各一两） 赤茯苓（去黑皮三分） 桑根白皮（微炙锉半两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入生姜三片，同煎至六分，去滓不计时温服。
治伤寒后喘咳不得卧，卧则气壅心胸满闷。芸薹子丸方
芸薹子（一两微炒） 葶苈（微炒） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒令黄细研各一两半） 紫
菀（去土） 马兜铃 皂荚（酥炙令黄去皮子） 甘草（各半两炙令微赤） 白前 防己 人
参（各三分）
上一十味，捣罗九味为末，入杏仁同研令匀，炼蜜和捣三五百杵，丸如梧桐子大。每服
食前，童子小便煎乌梅汤，下二十丸，日二。
治伤寒后脾胃虚冷，上攻气喘。木香丸方
木香 肉豆蔻（去壳各半两） 人参 白茯苓（去黑皮各三分） 桂（去粗皮） 槟榔
（锉各一两） 阿魏（用酒研如泥入面少许拌和作饼子炙令黄熟） 丁香（各一分）
上八味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和，更捣三五百杵，丸如梧桐子大，每服食后米饮下二十丸。
治伤寒太阳病，下之微喘者，表未解故也。属桂枝加浓朴杏子汤方
桂（去粗皮） 芍药（各三两） 甘草 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙各二两） 杏仁（五十
枚去皮尖）
上五味，锉如麻豆大，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜一枣大切，大枣二枚劈，煎取八
分，去滓温服。
治伤寒阳明病脉迟，虽汗出不恶寒者，其身必重，短气腹满而喘有潮热者，此外欲解，
可攻里也，手足 然汗出者，此大便已硬也，大承气汤主之。若汗多微发热恶寒者，外未解
也，其热不潮，未可与承气汤。若腹大满不通者，可与小承气汤，微和胃气，勿令至大泄下。
大承
大黄（酒洗四两） 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙半斤） 枳实（炙五枚）
上三味，锉如麻豆大，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎取八分，入芒硝一钱匕，再上火一两
沸，温服，得下止后服。
Discourse states: The wheezing caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage) presents various symptoms. Some cases involve pathogenic factors in the exterior, where the exterior syndrome is unresolved, characterized by anhidrosis and wheezing; some involve pathogenic factors in the interior, characterized by sweating without aversion to cold, abdominal fullness, and wheezing; some are accompanied by tidal fever; some involve wheezing due to fluid retention below the heart. Ancient practitioners treated these conditions by seeking their root causes. Therefore, for pathogenic factors in the exterior, diaphoresis (sweating method) should be used; for those in the interior, purgation should be employed; for wheezing due to fluid retention below the heart, promoting urination is indicated. If wheezing arises from a Yin syndrome, it indicates a deficiency of Yang, and moxibustion is indispensable.
For treating wheezing with cough due to fluid retention in the chest from Shanghan, use Xiao Qing Long Qu Ma Huang Jia Xing Ren Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction, Removing Ephedra, Adding Apricot Kernel):
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Xixin (Asari Radix, remove seedlings and leaves), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, stir-fried), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen, soaked in hot water, remove skin and tips, double-kernel, stir-fried, 3 liang each), Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber, soaked in hot water seven times, sliced and dried, 2.5 liang).
The above eight herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm.
For treating wheezing with sweating but no high fever after purgation in Shanghan, where Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is contraindicated, use Ma Huang Xing Zi Gan Cao Shi Gao Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Licorice, and Gypsum Decoction):
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints, scald in boiling water to remove foam, dry, 4 liang), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen, remove skin and tips, double-kernel, stir-fried, 50 pieces), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, half jin, crushed).
The above four herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.8 sheng. Strain and take warm.
For treating combined Taiyang and Yangming syndromes in Shanghan, presenting with wheezing and chest fullness, where purgation is contraindicated, use Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction):
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints, scald in boiling water first, dry, 3 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, honey-fried), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen, soak in hot water, remove skin and tips, double-kernel, 70 pieces, stir-fried).
The above four herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.6 sheng. Strain and take warm to induce slight sweating. Drinking hot porridge is not required. Other care instructions follow those of Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction).
For treating wheezing with rapid breathing and dry throat due to lung qi deficiency and distension from fluid retention in the chest in Shanghan, use Fuling Tang (Poria Decoction):
Chifuling (Polyporus, remove black skin), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1.5 liang each), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 3 qian), Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber, 1 liang, soaked in hot water seven times, stir-fried dry), Xixin (Asari Radix, remove seedlings and leaves), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, 0.5 liang each), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints, scald in boiling water to remove foam, dry), Sangbaipí (Mori Cortex, chopped, 1 liang each).
The above nine herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi. Add 1 fen of crushed fresh ginger to 1.5 sheng of water, boil together until reduced to 0.8 sheng. Strain and take warm.
For treating Shanghan with unresolved exterior syndrome, chest wheezing and fullness, and difficulty in both urination and defecation, use Zhuling Tang (Polyporus Decoction):
Zhuling (Polyporus, remove black skin), Chifuling (Polyporus, remove black skin), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark), Tingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, lightly stir-fried), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma).
The above seven herbs are mixed in equal parts, coarsely ground and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, boiled with 3 slices of fresh ginger in 1 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm.
For treating wheezing after Shanghan, use Madouling Tang (Aristolochiae Decoction):
Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus, 1 fen), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, chopped, 1 liang), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, remove white pith, dry, 0.5 liang), Zisu Jingye (Perillae Folium et Caulis, 1 fen).
The above four herbs are coarsely ground and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled with 15 stems of Jiaxin (Centipedae Herba or similar herb often referred to as rush pith in this context, though literally 'lamp wick', usually implies Centipeda or similar mild diuretic/heat-clearing adjunct, here likely referring to a specific preparation or typo for a common herb like Dendrobium or just added for flavor/diuresis, strictly translated as Lamp Wick/Rush Pith) and 3 cracked dates in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating wheezing with lung qi rebellion after Shanghan, presenting with throat obstruction and facial edema, use Muxiang Wan (Costus Pill):
Muxiang (Saussureae Radix, 1 liang), Kunbu (Laminariae Thallus, washed in hot water to remove saltiness, dry), Haizao (Sargassum Thallus, washed in hot water to remove saltiness, dry), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed, 3 qian each), Xixin (Asari Radix, remove seedlings and leaves), Hai Ge (Concha Meretricis et Cyclinae, separately ground to powder), Shujiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, remove eyes and closed ones, lightly stir-fried until oily appears, 0.5 liang each).
The above seven herbs: grind the first six into powder, mix with Hai Ge powder evenly. Bind with refined honey, pound 300-500 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 15 pills with rice water on an empty stomach.
For treating wheezing and persistent high fever after sweating in Shanghan, use Dafupi Tang (Arecae Pericarpii Decoction):
Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium, chopped), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, remove seedlings, 1 liang each), Chifuling (Polyporus, remove black skin, 3 qian), Sangbaipí (Mori Cortex, lightly roasted and chopped, 0.5 liang).
The above four herbs are coarsely ground and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, boiled with 3 slices of fresh ginger in 1 sheng of water until reduced to 0.6 sheng. Strain and take warm at any time.
For treating wheezing and cough after Shanghan preventing lying down, with Qi stagnation and chest fullness when supine, use Yuntaizi Wan (Brassicae Semens Planarum Pill):
Yuntaizi (Brassicae Semens Planarum, 1 liang, lightly stir-fried), Tingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, lightly stir-fried), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen, soaked in hot water, remove skin and tips, double-kernel, stir-fried until yellow and fine, ground, 1.5 liang each), Ziwan (Adenophorae Radix, remove soil), Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus), Zaojia (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina, fried in butter until yellow, remove skin and seeds), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang each, honey-fried until slightly red), Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 3 qian each).
The above ten herbs: grind nine of them (excluding Xingren) into powder, mix with ground Xingren evenly. Bind with refined honey, pound 300-500 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills before meals with Wumei Tang (Mume Fruit Decoction) decocted with urine from a healthy young boy, twice daily.
For treating wheezing due to spleen and stomach deficiency-cold attacking upward after Shanghan, use Muxiang Wan (Costus Pill):
Muxiang (Saussureae Radix), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen, remove shell, 0.5 liang each), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria, remove black skin, 3 qian each), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark), Binglang (Arecae Semen, chopped, 1 liang each),awei (Ferulae Resina, dissolve in wine into paste, mix with small amount of flour, make cakes, roast until yellow and cooked), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, 1 fen each).
The above eight herbs are ground into powder. Bind with refined honey, pound 300-500 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills with rice water after meals.
For treating slight wheezing after purgation in Taiyang syndrome of Shanghan, indicating unresolved exterior syndrome, use Guizhi Jia Houpo Xingzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Magnolia Bark and Apricot Kernel):
Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove coarse bark), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 3 liang each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, remove coarse bark, fry with ginger juice, 2 liang each), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen, 50 pieces, remove skin and tips).
The above five herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled with one date-sized slice of fresh ginger and two cracked dates in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.8 sheng. Strain and take warm.
For treating Yangming syndrome of Shanghan with slow pulse, sweating without aversion to cold, heavy body, shortness of breath, abdominal fullness and wheezing, and tidal fever, indicating the exterior is resolving and interior attack is possible. If there is continuous sweating on hands and feet, stool is hardened, treat with Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction). If there is profuse sweating, slight fever, and aversion to cold, the exterior is unresolved; if fever is not tidal, do not give Chengqi Tang. If there is severe abdominal fullness and obstruction, give Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) to mildly harmonize stomach qi, avoiding severe purgation.
Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction):
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, washed in wine, 4 liang), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, remove coarse bark, fry with ginger juice, half jin), Zhishi (Immaturus Citri Grandis et Paradisi Fructus, roasted, 5 pieces).
The above three herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.8 sheng. Add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 qianbi), boil again for one or two boils. Take warm. Stop subsequent doses after bowel movement occurs.