论曰经络气血，得热则淖泽，得寒则凝涩，冬时严寒，气血凝聚不流，则皮肉不温，瘃
冻赤，肿痛而成疮，轻则溃烂，重则损坏肢节也。
治大人小儿，冻手皴裂成疮。白蔹散方
白蔹末（三分） 白芨末（半两） 油麻（二合生捣）
上三味，用蒸莱菔一个烂研，与药拌匀，以酒调成膏，先以童子小便洗疮涂之。
治冻烂。猪蹄膏方
猪后悬蹄
上一味，至夜半时烧为灰研细，以猪脂和敷之。
治冻面冻耳，并诸冻疮久不瘥，年年发歇，先痒后痛，然后肿破黄水及血出不止，雉脑
膏方
雄雉脑（一枚捣烂） 黄蜡（与脑等分） 清油（比蜡减半）
上三味，同于慢火上，熬成膏，去滓以瓷器收，如面油逐旋涂摩。
治冻疮、手足指欲堕，及耳欲落。柏叶膏方
柏叶（炙干为末四两） 杏仁（去皮研四十粒） 头发（一拳大） 盐（研半两） 乳
香（研一
分） 黄蜡（一两） 油（一升）
上七味，先煎油沸，次下五味药，以发销尽为度，次下黄蜡搅匀，瓷器中收，先以热小
便洗疮，以绵 干后，以药涂，即以软帛包裹，勿令寒气侵入，每日一洗一换，如疮渐瘥，
即三四日一换。
治冬月寒冻，面目手足肉裂。蜀椒汤洗方
蜀椒（去目及闭口者） 白芷 防风（去叉） 盐（各一分） 芎 （三分）
上五味锉碎，以水三升，煎至二升，去滓温洗，冷即再暖频洗。
治寒冻肿痒。羊肉汤洗方
羊肉 葱（并细切各半斤）
上二味，以水五升，煎至三升，去滓温洗，日三两度。
又方
葱叶（一握细切）
上一味，以水三升，煎至二升，去滓温洗，日三两度。
治寒冻足跟，开裂血出疼痛。牛胶散方
牛皮胶（烧灰）
上一味，细研为末，以唾调涂之。
治手足冻疮肿烂。车膏涂方
车膏
上一味，熬令热，涂疮上，又以羊脂和蜜，熬匀涂敷，日三两上。
又方
冬瓜藤（半斤细锉）
上一味，以水三升，煮汁浸洗，日三两次。
又方
赤小豆（半升）
上一味，煮汁，热浸洗疮，日三五次。
治手足生逆胪，及被冻，瘃损痛疼。真珠散方
真珠末（一分） 干姜末（半分）
上二味，和匀，涂敷疮上，日三五度。
又方
蜀椒（五两拣净）
上一味，以水五升，煎至四升，去滓乘温渍瘃痛处，冷即将椒滓再温，根据前渍之，以瘥
为度。
治人足无冬夏常皱裂，名曰尸脚。方
鸡粪（一升）
上一味，以水三升，煮三五沸，去滓乘温渍脚，冷即易用，以瘥为度。
又方
咸齑汁（三升）
上一味，热暖浸洗，日三两次。
治寒冻手足破裂。松叶汤洗方
松叶（一斤）
上一味，烂捣，以水五升，煎至三升，和滓温洗。
又方
生姜（拍碎二两）
上一味，用淘饭饮三升，和煎至二升，乘热熏洗患处，日三五度。
又方
茄子根（半斤锉碎）
上一味，以水五升，煎至四升，去滓温洗疮上，日三五度。
又方
白饧（五两）
上一味，细研烧灰，敷疮上，日三五度。
Commentary states: The qi and blood in the meridians become moist and slippery when exposed to heat, but become coagulated and stagnant when exposed to cold. During the winter season of severe cold, the qi and blood coagulate and fail to flow, causing the skin and flesh to lose warmth. This results in frostbite with redness, swelling, pain, and the formation of sores. Mild cases lead to ulceration, while severe cases damage the limbs and joints.
Bai Lian San (White Berberis Powder) for treating frostbite-induced cracking and sores on hands in adults and children:
Bai Lian Mo (Powder of *Ampelopsis japonica* Rhizome, 3 fen) Bai Ji Mo (Powder of *Bletilla striata* Tuber, 0.5 liang) You Ma (Sesame seeds, 2 he, raw and crushed).
Take the above three ingredients. Mash one steamed Lai Fu (Radish, *Raphanus sativus* var. *longipinnatus*) until soft and mixed thoroughly with the medicines. Blend with wine to form a paste. First wash the sore with urine from a young boy, then apply this ointment.
Zhu Ti Gao (Pig Trotter Ointment) for treating frostbite ulcers:
Zhu Hou Xuan Ti (Dried pig trotters hanging suspended).
Take the above single ingredient. Burn it to ash at midnight, grind finely, and mix with Pig Fat (*Su*) to apply topically.
Zhi Nao Gao (Pheasant Brain Ointment) for treating frostbite on the face and ears, as well as chronic frostbite that does not heal, recurs annually, starting with itching followed by pain, then swelling, rupture, and continuous discharge of yellow fluid and blood:
Xiong Zhi Nao (Brain of male pheasant, 1 piece, crushed) Huang La (Beeswax, equal amount to brain) Qing You (Refined oil, half the amount of beeswax).
Cook the above three ingredients together over slow fire until they form an ointment. Filter out the dregs and store in a porcelain vessel. Apply gradually like facial cream with massage.
Bo Ye Gao (Cypress Leaf Ointment) for treating frostbite where fingers or toes are about to fall off, and ears are about to detach:
Bo Ye (Cypress leaves, dried by roasting and powdered, 4 liang) Xing Ren (Apricot kernels, peeled and crushed, 40 grains) Tou Fa (Human hair, size of a fist) Yan (Salt, powdered, 0.5 liang) Ru Xiang (Frankincense, powdered, 1 fen) Huang La (Beeswax, 1 liang) You (Oil, 1 sheng).
First boil the oil. Add the five medicinal ingredients, continuing until the hair completely dissolves. Then add the beeswax and stir evenly. Store in a porcelain container. First wash the sore with warm urine, dry with cotton cloth, apply the medicine, and wrap with soft cloth to prevent invasion of cold air. Wash and change daily. If the sore gradually heals, change every three to four days.
Shu Jiao Tang (Sichuan Pepper Decoction) for washing cracks in face, hands, and feet caused by winter cold:
Shu Jiao (Sichuan pepper, remove eyes and closed ones) Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, remove forked parts) Yan (Salt, each 1 fen) Xiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong Rhizome, 3 fen).
Chop the above five ingredients. Boil in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Strain and wash with the warm liquid. Reheat if it cools down and wash frequently.
Yang Rou Tang (Mutton Decoction) for treating swelling and itching due to cold injury:
Yang Rou (Mutton) Cong (Green onion/scallion, both finely cut, 0.5 jin each).
Boil the above two ingredients in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Strain and wash with the warm liquid, two to three times daily.
Another prescription:
Cong Ye (Scallion leaves, one handful, finely cut).
Boil in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Strain and wash with the warm liquid, two to three times daily.
Niu Jiao San (Ovine Glue Powder) for treating cracked, bleeding, and painful heels due to cold injury:
Niu Pi Jiao (Ovine glue/collagen, burned to ash).
Grind the above single ingredient into fine powder. Mix with saliva and apply topically.
Che Gao (Cart Grease) for treating swollen and ulcerated frostbite on hands and feet:
Che Gao (Cart grease).
Heat the above single ingredient and apply to the sore. Additionally, mix Sheep Fat (*Yang Zhi*) with Honey, heat evenly, and apply. Do this two to three times daily.
Another prescription:
Dong Gua Teng (Winter melon vine, 0.5 jin, finely chopped).
Boil in 3 sheng of water to extract juice. Soak and wash. Do this two to three times daily.
Another prescription:
Chi Xiao Dou (Adzuki beans, 0.5 sheng).
Boil to make juice. Soak and wash the sore with hot juice, three to five times daily.
Zhen Zhu San (Pearl Powder) for treating inverted nails (onychogryphosis) on hands and feet, and pain from frostbite injury:
Zhen Zhu Mo (Pearl powder, 1 fen) Gan Jiang Mo (Dried ginger powder, 0.5 fen).
Mix evenly and apply to the sore, three to five times daily.
Another prescription:
Shu Jiao (Sichuan pepper, 5 liang, cleaned).
Boil in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 4 sheng. Strain. Soak the frostbitten and painful area in the warm liquid. If it cools, reheat the pepper residue and soak again according to the previous method, until healed.
Prescription for "Shi Jiao" (Corpse Foot), characterized by perennial wrinkling and cracking of the feet regardless of season:
Ji Fen (Chicken manure, 1 sheng).
Boil in 3 sheng of water for three to five boils. Strain. Soak the feet in the warm liquid. Replace with fresh warm liquid when it cools, until healed.
Another prescription:
Xian Xi Zhi (Juice of pickled vegetables, 3 sheng).
Heat and soak/wash, two to three times daily.
Song Ye Tang (Pine Needle Decoction) for treating cracked hands and feet due to cold:
Song Ye (Pine needles, 1 jin).
Crush thoroughly. Boil in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Wash with the liquid including the dregs while warm.
Another prescription:
Sheng Jiang (Fresh ginger, smashed, 2 liang).
Boil with 3 sheng of rice-washing water until reduced to 2 sheng. Fumigate and wash the affected area while hot, three to five times daily.
Another prescription:
Qie Zi Gen (Eggplant root, 0.5 jin, chopped).
Boil in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 4 sheng. Strain and wash the sore with the warm liquid, three to five times daily.
Another prescription:
Bai Xing (White maltose/syrup, 5 liang).
Grind finely and burn to ash. Apply to the sore, three to five times daily.