论曰肾主水，与膀胱合为表里，膀胱者、津液之府，其气下通，故能渗泄而作小便，或
胞络有热，津液内燥，气不宣畅故水道热涩，甚则不通。
治小儿小便不通。石苇汤方
石苇（去毛） 瞿麦（各一两半） 滑石（一两）
上三味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿每服一钱匕，水八分，入小麦一百粒，同煎至五分，去滓温
服，如人行十里再服，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便不通，二三日闷绝者。葵根汤方
葵根（锉一握） 壁鱼（研七枚）
上以水一盏，煎葵根取汁六分，后入壁鱼，同煎五七沸，放温服，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便淋闭不通。神散方
石燕（一枚先为细末再研） 石苇（去毛半两）
上二味为细散，每服一字匕，煎三叶酸浆草汤调下，甚者三服、瘥，一方、有海金沙一
两。
治小儿小便不通，脐腹急痛。冬葵子散方
冬葵子 滑石 海蛤 蒲黄（各半两）
上四味，捣罗为散。每服以葱白汤调下半钱匕，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便涩少，妨闷不通。葱白汤方
葱白（二茎） 木通 冬葵子（各半两）
上三味，锉如麻豆大，以水二盏，煎取一盏，去滓，量儿大小，分减服之。
治小儿小便淋涩不通，及小便血。滑石散方
滑石（研） 车前子（各半两）
上二味，细捣罗为散。如二三岁儿每服半钱匕，空心食前粥饮调下，日二服。
治小儿小便不通欲死。万安散方
海金沙 滑石 续随子（炒各半两） 蝼蛄（七枚炒令黑）
上四味，捣罗为细散，每服半钱匕，煎灯心汤温调下，空心食前服。
治小儿热极，小便赤涩不通，小便辄大啼，呼疼痛。木通黄芩汤方
木通（锉一两） 黄芩（二两去黑心） 滑石（一两半） 冬葵子（三分） 车前子（二
两） 赤
茯苓（去黑皮二两）
上六味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿，每服一钱匕，以水一中盏，煎至五分，去滓温服，如人行
十里以来，再一服，更看儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便不通心闷。瞿麦汤方
瞿麦（穗） 赤芍药 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 牵牛子（炒） 木通（锉） 冬葵子（各
一分）
上六味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿，每服一钱匕，水一中盏，入葱白一茎擘碎，同煎至四分，
去滓温服，如人行十里已来，再服，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便不通。茯苓汤方
赤茯苓（去黑皮） 冬葵子 木通（锉） 车前子（各半两）
上四味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿，每服一钱匕，以水一中盏，煎至五分，去滓温服，如人行
十里以来再服，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便不通。车前草汤方
车前草（细锉） 小麦（各一两）
上二味，用水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓下粳米少许，又煮至半盏，三四岁儿为三服。如人
行一二里以来再服，量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿小便不通，发热腹满。七物浴汤方
滑石（屑二两） 大黄（二两） 雷丸（三十枚） 麻黄（一两半） 苦参（一两） 石
膏（半两） 秦皮（一两）
上七味，粗捣筛。以水七升，煮取五升，去滓，避风处温浴儿，先从脐淋之。
Discussion: The Kidney governs water metabolism and forms an exterior-interior relationship with the Bladder. The Bladder is the mansion of body fluids (Jin Ye), and its Qi flows downward, thereby enabling the seepage and excretion of fluids to form urine. If there is heat in the bladder collaterals (Paoluo, referring to the bladder and its associated vessels), causing internal dryness of body fluids and stagnation of Qi mechanism, it leads to heat-induced obstruction in the urinary pathway, which in severe cases results in complete retention of urine.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention. Shiwei Tang (Sheepherb Decoction) Formula
Shiwei (Pyrrosiae Folium, 石苇, removed hairs) 1.5 liang, Qumai (Dianthi Herba, 瞿麦) 1.5 liang, Huashi (Talcum, 滑石) 1 liang.
The above three herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose consists of one qianbi (a small measuring spoon) of powder, added with eight fen of water and one hundred grains of wheat. Simmer together until the liquid reduces to five fen, strain the dregs, and take warm. Administer another dose after the time it takes a person to walk ten li, adjusting the dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention accompanied by suffocation and despair lasting two or three days. Kuigen Tang (Hibiscus Root Decoction) Formula
Kuigen (Malvae Semen Germinatum or Hibiscus root, 葵根, chopped) one handful, Biyu (Lepisma saccharina, 壁鱼) seven pieces (crushed).
The above two ingredients are boiled in one zhan of water; decoct the Kuigen to obtain six fen of juice, then add Biyu and boil together for five to seven boils. Let cool to warm temperature before administration. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric stranguria and urinary obstruction. Shensan (Divine Powder) Formula
Shiyan (Fossilized stone swallow eggshell or similar fossil, 石燕) one piece (first made into fine powder then ground), Shiwei (Pyrrosiae Folium, 石苇, removed hairs) half liang.
The above two herbs are processed into a fine powder. Each dose is one zibi (a tiny measuring spoon), taken with decoction of Sanysuan Suanjiangcao (Oxalis corniculata, 三叶酸浆草). In severe cases, administer three doses until recovery. Another version includes Haijinsha (Lygodii Spora, 海金沙) one liang.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention with urgent pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions. Dongkuizi San (Abutilon Seed Powder) Formula
Dongkuizi (Abutili Semen, 冬葵子), Huashi (Talcum, 滑石), Haige (Concha Arcae, 海蛤), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen, 蒲黄) (each half liang).
The above four herbs are crushed, pounded, and sifted into a powder. Each dose is half a qianbi, mixed and taken with Congbai Tang (Scallion White Decoction). Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric scanty, astringent urine causing obstruction and distress. Congbai Tang (Scallion White Decoction) Formula
Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, 葱白) two stems, Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 木通), Dongkuizi (Abutili Semen, 冬葵子) (each half liang).
The above three herbs are chopped like hemp seeds. Boil in two zhan of water until reduced to one zhan, strain the dregs, and divide the dose for administration according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric astringent urinary flow and hematuria. Huashi San (Talcum Powder) Formula
Huashi (Talcum, 滑石, ground), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 车前子) (each half liang).
The above two herbs are finely crushed and sifted into a powder. For children aged two or three, each dose is half a qianbi, taken on an empty stomach before meals with porridge drink. Administer twice daily.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention causing extreme suffering. Wan'an San (Ten Thousand Peace Powder) Formula
Haijinsha (Lygodii Spora, 海金沙), Huashi (Talcum, 滑石), Xuisui Zi (Euphorbiae Lathyridis Semen, 续随子, stir-fried) (each half liang), Lougu (Staphylinidae, 蝼蛄) seven pieces (stir-fried until black).
The above four herbs are crushed, pounded, and sifted into a fine powder. Each dose is half a qianbi, mixed and taken warm with Dengxin Tang (Junci Medulla Decoction). Take on an empty stomach before meals.
Treatment for pediatric extreme heat, red and astringent urine retention, loud crying during urination, and pain. Mutong Huangqin Tang (Akebia and Scutellaria Decoction) Formula
Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 木通, chopped) one liang, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩) two liang (remove black heart), Huashi (Talcum, 滑石) one and a half liang, Dongkuizi (Abutili Semen, 冬葵子) three fen, Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 车前子) two liang, Chi Fuling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, 赤茯苓, remove black skin) two liang.
The above six herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is one qianbi, boiled in one zhongzhan of water until reduced to five fen, strain the dregs, and take warm. Administer another dose after the time it takes a person to walk ten li. Observe the child's size and adjust dosage accordingly.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention with chest stuffiness. Qumai Tang (Dianthus Decoction) Formula
Qumai (Dianthi Herba, 瞿麦, with spikes), Chishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 赤芍药), Chen Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 陈橘皮, soaked in hot water, remove white pith and dried), Qianniu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen, 牵牛子, stir-fried), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 木通, chopped), Dongkuizi (Abutili Semen, 冬葵子) (each one fen).
The above six herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is one qianbi, boiled in one zhongzhan of water with one stem of Congbai (Scallion White, broken into pieces) until reduced to four fen, strain the dregs, and take warm. Administer another dose after the time it takes a person to walk ten li. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention. Fuling Tang (Poria Decoction) Formula
Chi Fuling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, 赤茯苓, remove black skin), Dongkuizi (Abutili Semen, 冬葵子), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 木通, chopped), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 车前子) (each half liang).
The above four herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is one qianbi, boiled in one zhongzhan of water until reduced to five fen, strain the dregs, and take warm. Administer another dose after the time it takes a person to walk ten li. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention. Cheqiancao Tang (Plantago Herb Decoction) Formula
Cheqiancao (Plantaginis Herba, 车前草, finely chopped), Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus, 小麦) (each one liang).
The above two herbs are boiled in two zhan of water until reduced to one zhan, strain the dregs, add a little Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Grain, 粳米), and boil until reduced to half a zhan. For children aged three or four, divide into three doses. Administer another dose after the time it takes a person to walk one or two li. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Treatment for pediatric urinary retention with fever and abdominal fullness. Qi Wu Yu Tang (Seven-Ingredient Bathing Decoction) Formula
Huashi (Talcum, 滑石, shavings) two liang, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄) two liang, Leiwan (Wardoia Marmelos Seed or similar parasitic seed, 雷丸) thirty pieces, Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 麻黄) one and a half liang, Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 苦参) one liang, Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 石膏) half liang, Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex, 秦皮) one liang.
The above seven herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Boil in seven sheng of water until five sheng remain, strain the dregs. Use the decoction for a warm bath for the child in a wind-sheltered place, starting by pouring it over the umbilicus.