论曰小儿血气本自盛实，腑脏之间，易为生热，热气熏蒸，则津液干枯，故令儿渴而引
饮。
治小儿热渴，或虚热吐下，除热止渴。栝蒌饮方
栝蒌根（三分） 黄芩（去黑心一分） 知母（焙） 小麦 粟米（各半两）
上五味，除粟米小麦外，余三味，并捣罗为粗末，每二钱匕，水一小盏，入小麦粟米各
一撮，同煎至六分，去滓分作三服，一日吃尽，更量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿夏天服药大下后，胃中虚热渴唯饮水。麦门冬饮方
麦门冬（去心焙） 龙胆（各一两） 甘草（炙锉） 黄芩（去黑心各三分） 葛根（锉
一两
上五味，粗捣筛，每服一钱匕，用水七分，煎至四分，去滓温服，量儿大小，以意临时
加减。
治小儿壮热，兼呕渴不止。芦根饮方
芦根（锉） 麦门冬（去心焙） 人参（各半两） 知母（焙一两） 粟米（一合）
上五味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，入生姜少许劈破，同煎至五分去滓。分温三服
，更量儿大小，以意加减。
治小儿多渴。黄连饮方
黄连（去须半两） 冬瓜瓤（一分）
上二味细锉，以水一盏半，同煎至八分，去滓分温三服，量儿大小，临时加减。
治小儿热渴不止。莲实汤方
莲实（三十枚炒黄椎碎） 浮萍（一分）
上二味，同用水一盏，生姜少许，煎五分去滓，分温三服，量儿大小，临时加减。
治小儿上焦虚热，饮水不止。枇杷叶汤方
枇杷叶（去毛炙） 葛根（锉） 胡黄连 甘草（炙锉） 玄参 麦门冬（去心焙等
分）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服一钱匕，水一盏，入生姜一片，煎至六分，后入蜜少许，再煎至
五分，去滓放温，分二服食后。
治小儿上焦风热，热渴引饮不止。天麻人参煎方
天麻 人参 白茯苓（去黑皮各一分） 天竺黄（研一钱） 甘草（生用一钱） 铅白
霜（研一
上八味，先将四味为细末，再入研了四味和匀，炼蜜煎为膏，每服一大豆许，用金银薄
荷汤化下。
治小儿热气熏蒸，腑脏烦躁，津液干枯，渴欲引饮。方
上取桑枝一握细锉，以水一盏半，煎至八分去滓，分作三服，如熟水与饮。
治小儿热渴不止。方
黄连（去须炒） 芦根（各一分）
上二味细锉，以水一盏半，煎取五分，去滓旋与饮。
Commentary states: A child's blood and qi are originally vigorous and substantial; heat easily generates between the fu and zang organs. When hot qi steams and steeps, body fluids become dry and withered, thus causing the child to feel thirsty and desire drinking water.
To treat pediatric thirst caused by heat, or vomiting and diarrhea due to deficient heat, aiming to clear heat and stop thirst. Gualou Yin (Trichosanthes Root Decoction):
Gualou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 3 fen) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, remove black heart, 1 fen) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, roasted) Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus) Sumi (Panicomi Semen, each 0.5 liang).
For the above five herbs, excluding Xiaomai and Sumi, grind the remaining three into coarse powder. For each dose of two qianbi, add one small zhan of water, put in a pinch of Xiaomai and Sumi, decoct together until six parts remain. Strain and divide into three doses, consumed within one day. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and condition.
To treat pediatric summer illness where heavy purgation has been administered, resulting in deficient heat in the stomach causing thirst for only water. Maimendong Yin (Ophiopogonis Decoction):
Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, remove heart and roast) Longdan (Gentianae Radix, each 1 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted and cut) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, remove black heart, each 3 fen) Gegen (Puerariae Radix, cut, 1 liang).
For the above five herbs, coarsely crush and sieve. For each dose of one qianbi, use seven parts water, decoct until four parts remain. Strain and take warm. Adjust dosage temporarily according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric high fever accompanied by persistent vomiting and thirst. Lugeng Yin (Phragmitis Decoction):
Lugeng (Phragmitis Rhizoma, cut) Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, remove heart and roast) Renshen (Ginseng Radix, each 0.5 liang) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, roasted, 1 liang) Sumi (Panicomi Semen, 1 he).
For the above five herbs, coarsely crush and sieve. For each dose of two qianbi, use one zhan of water, add a little broken fresh ginger, decoct together until five parts remain. Strain. Divide into three warm doses. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric polydipsia. Huanglian Yin (Coptidis Decoction):
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, remove roots, 0.5 liang) Donggua Rang (Benincasae Exocarpium, 1 fen).
For the above two herbs, finely cut. Use one and a half zhan of water, decoct together until eight parts remain. Strain and divide into three warm doses. Adjust dosage temporarily according to the child's age.
To treat persistent pediatric heat-thirst. Lianshi Tang (Nelumbinis Semen Decoction):
Lianshi (Nelumbinis Semen, thirty pieces, roasted yellow and crushed) Fuping (Spirodelae Herba, 1 fen).
For the above two herbs, use one zhan of water, add a little fresh ginger, decoct until five parts remain. Strain. Divide into three warm doses. Adjust dosage temporarily according to the child's age.
To treat deficient heat in the upper jiao of children, with incessant drinking. Pipaye Tang (Eriobotryae Folium Decoction):
Pipaye (Eriobotryae Folium, remove hairs and roast) Gegen (Puerariae Radix, cut) Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma - note: text says Hu Huanglian, likely Coptidis or similar bitter cold herb, here kept as name) Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted and cut) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, remove heart and roast, equal parts).
For the above six herbs, coarsely crush and sieve. For each dose of one qianbi, use one zhan of water, add one slice of fresh ginger, decoct until six parts remain. Then add a little honey, decoct again until five parts remain. Strain, let cool to warm, divide into two doses taken after meals.
To treat wind-heat in the upper jiao of children, with persistent heat-thirst and desire to drink. Tianma Renshen Jian (Gastrodia and Ginseng Paste):
Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) Renshen (Ginseng Radix) Baifuling (Poria, remove black skin, each 1 fen) Tiantanzhu (Bambusae Concretio Silicea, ground, 1 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, raw use, 1 qian) Qianbaishuang (Plumbi Subcarbonas, ground, 1 qian).
For the above eight herbs, first make the first four into fine powder, then mix with the ground latter four. Decoct with refined honey to form a paste. For each dose, take an amount the size of a soybean, dissolve using Mint Tea with Gold and Silver Foil.
To treat hot qi steaming, irritability of fu and zang organs, dryness of body fluids, and thirst desiring drinking. Formula:
Take one handful of Sangzhi (Mori Ramulus), finely cut. Use one and a half zhan of water, decoct until eight parts remain. Strain. Divide into three doses. Drink like boiled water.
To treat persistent pediatric heat-thirst. Formula:
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, remove roots and stir-fry) Lugeng (Phragmitis Rhizoma, each 1 fen).
For the above two herbs, finely cut. Use one and a half zhan of water, decoct to obtain five parts. Strain and administer as needed.