论曰肺气通于鼻，鼻和则知香臭。小儿鼻 塞者，肺气不利也。肺主气，诸阳之气，上
荣头面。其气不和，风冷乘虚，客于脑。与气停滞，搏于津液，鼻道壅遏，故为鼻 塞。
治小儿 鼻。黄连丸方
黄连（去须一两一分） 艾叶（炒） 升麻（各三分） 防风（去叉半两） 朴硝（二
两） 大黄
（锉炒三分）
上六味，捣为细末，炼蜜和。更捣一二百下，丸如绿豆大，每服三五丸，温水下。食
后临卧服，随儿大小加减。
治小儿鼻塞不通利。丹参膏方
丹参 细辛（去苗叶） 芎 当归（锉焙） 桂（去粗皮） 防风（去叉各一两） 蜀
椒（去
目并闭口者炒出汗） 干姜（炮各半两）
上八味，锉如麻豆大。猪脂五两，羊髓五两，与药相和，入铫子内，慢火熬，候药黄色
，取下绞去滓，贮瓷器中，每以大豆许，纳鼻中，日三。
治小儿囟气虚肿，鼻塞不通。白芷膏方
白芷 细辛（去苗叶） 木通（锉） 当归（切焙各半两）
上四味。锉如麻豆大，
以羊髓四两，与药同入铫子内，慢火熬。候白芷黄成膏，绞去滓。贮瓷器中，每用少许，
敷囟上，兼纳鼻中。
治小儿鼻塞不通。细辛膏方
细辛（去苗叶） 木通（锉） 辛夷（各一分） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒半两）
上四味，锉如麻豆大。以羊髓猪脂各三合，同药入铫子内，慢火熬候色黄，绞去滓。瓷
器中贮之，涂鼻内。
治小儿鼻 不闻香臭。龙脑散方
龙脑（研一字） 瓜蒂（十四枚） 赤小豆（七粒） 黄连（去须半钱）
上四味，先以三味为细散，入研者药和匀。临卧粟米许，吹入鼻中，少顷有清水出。
治小儿鼻塞不通，不能乳。木香膏方
木香 零陵香（各一两）
上二味为细末，用醍醐三合，与药末，同入铫子内。煎成膏，用涂头上，及鼻中，如小
豆许，日再。
治小儿鼻塞生肉。细辛散方。
细辛（去苗叶） 木通（锉各一两）
上二味，为细散，以绵缠裹大豆许，纳鼻中，日再。
治小儿鼻塞不通。羊髓膏方
羊髓 薰陆香（各三两）
上二味，于铫子中，慢火熬成膏。去滓入瓷器中盛贮，以膏摩背，候鼻通为效。
It is stated that the Lung Qi connects with the nasal cavity; when the nasal cavity is harmonious, one can distinguish odors. Nasal congestion in infants and children is caused by the dysfunction of Lung Qi. The Lung governs Qi, and the Qi of all Yang meridians ascends to nourish the head and face. When the internal Qi is disharmonious, Wind-Cold pathogens invade due to deficiency and lodge in the brain. The pathogens stagnate and interact with body fluids, causing obstruction in the nasal passages, thus resulting in nasal congestion.
Formula for Coptis Pill (Huanglian Wan) for treating nasal congestion in infants and children:
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huánglián, 黄连) [remove roots, 1 liang 1 fen], Artemisiae Argyi Folium (Àiyè, 艾叶) [stir-fried], Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shēngmá, 升麻), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fángfēng, 防风) [remove cross-branches], Natrii Sulfas (Púxiāo, 朴硝) [each 3 fen], Rheum Palmatum (Dàhuáng, 大黄) [cut and stir-fried, 3 fen].
Crush the above six herbs into fine powder, mix with refined honey, and pound for another 100–200 times. Shape into pills the size of mung beans. Administer 3–5 pills per dose with warm water. Take after meals and before bedtime, adjusting the dosage according to the child's age.
Formula for Salvia Ointment (Danshen Gao) for treating nasal congestion and difficulty in breathing through the nose in infants and children:
Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Dānshēn, 丹参), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xìxīn, 细辛) [remove seedlings and leaves], Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuānxiōng, 川芎), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dāngguī, 当归) [cut and dried], Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guì, 桂枝) [remove rough bark], Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fángfēng, 防风) [remove cross-branches] [each 1 liang], Zanthoxyli Fructus (Shǔjiāo, 蜀椒) [remove eyes and closed ones, stir-fried until oil appears], Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Gānjiāng, 干姜) [processed] [each 0.5 liang].
Cut the above eight herbs into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Mix with 5 liang of porcine fat and 5 liang of sheep marrow. Place in a small pot and simmer slowly over low heat until the mixture turns yellow. Remove from heat, strain to remove dregs, and store in porcelain containers. Insert a amount the size of a soybean into the nostrils three times daily.
Formula for Angelica Dahurica Ointment (Baizhi Gao) for treating fontanelle swelling due to Qi deficiency and nasal congestion in infants and children:
Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Báizhǐ, 白芷), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xìxīn, 细辛) [remove seedlings and leaves], Akebiae Caulis (Mùtōng, 木通) [cut], Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dāngguī, 当归) [cut and dried] [each 0.5 liang].
Cut the above four herbs into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Mix with 4 liang of sheep marrow and place in a small pot. Simmer slowly over low heat until the Angelica Dahurica Radix turns yellow and forms an ointment. Strain to remove dregs and store in porcelain containers. Apply a small amount to the fontanelle and insert into the nostrils.
Formula for Asari Ointment (Xixin Gao) for treating nasal congestion in infants and children:
Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xìxīn, 细辛) [remove seedlings and leaves], Akebiae Caulis (Mùtōng, 木通) [cut], Magnoliae Flos (Xīnyí, 辛夷) [each 1 fen], Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xìngrén, 杏仁) [soaked in hot water, peel and remove tips and twin kernels, stir-fried, 0.5 liang].
Cut the above four herbs into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Mix with 3 he of sheep marrow and 3 he of porcine fat. Place in a small pot and simmer slowly over low heat until the color turns yellow. Strain to remove dregs and store in porcelain containers. Apply inside the nostrils.
Formula for Borneolum Syntheticum Powder (Longnao San) for treating loss of smell due to nasal obstruction in infants and children:
Borneolum Syntheticum (Lóngnǎo, 龙脑) [ground, 1 zi amount], Citrulli Fructus (Guādì, 瓜蒂) [14 pieces], Phaseoli Radiatus (Chìxiǎodòu, 赤小豆) [7 grains], Coptidis Rhizoma (Huánglián, 黄连) [remove roots, 0.5 qian].
Grind the first three herbs into a fine powder, mix evenly with the ground Borneolum Syntheticum. Before bedtime, blow a amount the size of millet grain into the nostrils. Clear fluid will discharge shortly thereafter.
Formula for Aucklandia Ointment (Muxiang Gao) for treating nasal congestion preventing suckling in infants and children:
Aucklandiae Radix (Mùxiāng, 木香), Lingzhiang Fragrans Herb (Línglíngxiāng, 零陵香) [each 1 liang].
Grind the above two herbs into fine powder. Mix with 3 he of clarified butter (Tíhú). Place in a small pot and simmer into an ointment. Apply to the top of the head and inside the nostrils, using an amount the size of a small bean, twice daily.
Formula for Asari Powder (Xixin San) for treating nasal polyps causing congestion in infants and children:
Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xìxīn, 细辛) [remove seedlings and leaves], Akebiae Caulis (Mùtōng, 木通) [cut] [each 1 liang].
Grind the above two herbs into a fine powder. Wrap an amount the size of a soybean in cotton wool and insert into the nostrils, twice daily.
Formula for Sheep Marrow Ointment (Yangsui Gao) for treating nasal congestion in infants and children:
Ovis Seu Caprae Medulla (Yángsuǐ, 羊髓), Frankincense (Xūnlùxiāng, 薰陆香) [each 3 liang].
Simmer the above two ingredients in a small pot over low heat until they form an ointment. Strain and store in porcelain containers. Massage the back with the ointment until nasal patency is restored.