论曰内经谓诸疟皆得之夏伤于暑，以热气盛藏于皮肤之内，肠胃之外，此营气之所舍也
，阳盛则外热，阴虚则内热，外内皆热，则喘而渴，故欲冷冻饮料也。
治疟发渴。与柴胡去半夏加栝蒌根汤方
柴胡（去苗一两三分） 黄芩（去黑心） 人参 甘草（炙锉各三分） 栝蒌根（锉一
两）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜一枣大拍碎，枣三枚劈破，同煎至一
盏，去滓空腹温服，日晚再服。
治久疟憎寒壮热，渴欲饮水。车前草汤方
车前草 常山（锉） 升麻 豉（炒） 甘草（生锉各半两） 粳米（半合）
上六味。粗捣筛，每以五钱匕，水一盏半浸药，露于星月下，横一小刀子在药上，候五
更，煎至一盏去滓，分温二服，空腹一服，未发前再服，良久吐，吐定即食浆水粥。
治疟病发渴，饮水不止。常山汤方
常山（三两） 石膏（八两） 白秫米（二合）
上三味。 咀，每服五钱匕，以水一盏半，入竹叶十片，煎取八分，去滓温服，平旦一
服，欲发再服，正发时，又一服。
治疟经数年不瘥，发渴者。栀子汤方
栀子仁（一分） 常山（锉三分） 车前叶（焙一两） 白粳米（半合）
上四味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服，未发前一服，临发一服
治疟发热骨节痛，口干烦渴。芦根汤方
生芦根（锉三两） 麦门冬（去心焙） 升麻 葛根（锉各一两半） 山栀子（去皮一
两） 石膏（二两碎）
上七味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分去滓，食前分温二服。
治疟病苦渴。乌梅饮方
乌梅（二十枚劈破）
上一味。以水三盏，煎取一盏半，去乌梅，和蜜一匙，分二服，细细啜之。
治疟止渴。生姜饮方
生姜 大枣 甘草（微炙） 草豆蔻（去皮） 木通（各一分）
上五味。 咀如麻豆，水三盏，煎至一盏半，去滓分三服，温饮之。
治疟疾发渴引饮烦躁。妙应丸方
绿豆（四十粒杵末） 黑豆（三十粒杵末） 砒霜（半钱研） 丹砂（黑豆大二粒研） 铅
丹（一钱七研）
上五味。同研极匀，滴水和丸，作二十粒，每服一丸，以东南桃心七枚，取井华水研，
向日吞服之，醋水下亦得，服后病稍重者只微寒，若小可便绝，有孕妇人，不可服。
治疟病发渴，及寒热攻作。常山汤方
常山 蜀漆（烧烟尽） 甘草（炙锉各二两） 淡竹叶（切一升） 大黄（生锉三两）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓温服。
The discussion states: The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) mentions that all types of malaria are caused by summer-heat injury. Because the heat qi is abundant, it hides inside the skin and outside the stomach and intestines; this is where Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) resides. When Yang is excessive, there is external heat; when Yin is deficient, there is internal heat. With both internal and external heat, one will pant and feel thirsty, thus desiring to drink cold beverages.
To treat thirst occurring during malaria attacks, use Chaihu Qu Banxia Gua Lou Gen Tang (Bupleurum Decoction with Bupleurum Removed, Banxia Removed, and Trichosanthes Root Added):
Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri, removed seedlings, 1 liang 3 qian), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae, removed black heart), Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng), Zhi Gan Cao (Fried Radix Glycyrrhizae, cut into small pieces, each 3 qian), Gua Lou Gen (Radix Trichosanthis, cut into small pieces, 1 liang).
These five herbs. Coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi, boiled with 1.5 zhan of water, adding ginger (a piece the size of a jujube, crushed), and three jujubes (split). Simmer together until reduced to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach, and take again in the evening.
To treat chronic malaria accompanied by aversion to cold and high fever, with thirst and desire to drink water, use Che Qian Cao Tang (Plantago Herb Decoction):
Che Qian Cao (Herba Plantaginis Lanceolatae), Chang Shan (Rhizoma Dichroae), Sheng Ma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Chi (Stir-fried Semen Sojae Preparatum), Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Radix Glycyrrhizae, cut into small pieces, each half liang), Jing Mi (Semen Oryzae Glutinosi, half he).
These six herbs. Coarsely pounded and sieved. Take 5 qian bi each time, soak in 1.5 zhan of water. Place under the starlight and moonlight, lay a small knife across the medicine. Wait until Wugeng (approx. 3-5 AM), simmer until reduced to 1 zhan. Strain and divide into two warm doses. Take one dose on an empty stomach, and another dose before the attack. After some time, vomiting will occur; once vomiting subsides, consume Jiangshui Zhou (fermented rice gruel).
To treat thirst and incessant drinking during malaria attacks, use Chang Shan Tang (Dichroa Rhizome Decoction):
Chang Shan (Rhizoma Dichroae, 3 liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 8 liang), Bai Shu Mi (White Glutinous Rice, 2 he).
These three herbs. Chewed/crushed. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi, boiled with 1.5 zhan of water, adding ten slices of Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf). Simmer to obtain 0.8 zhan. Strain and take warm. Take one dose at dawn, one dose when an attack is imminent, and one more dose during the actual attack.
For malaria persisting for several years without cure, presenting with thirst during attacks, use Zhi Zi Tang (Gardenia Decoction):
Zhi Zi Ren (Semen Gardeniae, 1 fen), Chang Shan (Rhizoma Dichroae, cut into small pieces, 3 fen), Che Qian Ye (Folium Plantaginis, dried/roasted, 1 liang), Bai Jing Mi (White Glutinous Rice, half he).
These four herbs. Coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose consists of 3 qian bi, boiled with 1 zhan of water until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Strain and take warm. Take one dose before the attack, and one dose just before the onset.
To treat malaria with fever, bone and joint pain, dry mouth, and vexatious thirst, use Lu Gen Tang (Reed Rhizome Decoction):
Sheng Lu Gen (Fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, cut into small pieces, 3 liang), Mai Men Dong (Radix Ophiopogonis, core removed, dried), Sheng Ma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Ge Gen (Radix Puerariae, cut into small pieces, each 1.5 liang), Shan Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae, peeled, 1 liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang, crushed).
These seven herbs. Coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi, boiled with 1.5 zhan of water until reduced to 0.8 zhan. Strain and divide into two warm doses, taken before meals.
To treat suffering from thirst due to malaria, use Wu Mei Yin (Mume Fruit Drink):
Wu Mei (Fructus Mume, 20 fruits, split).
This single herb. Boil in 3 zhan of water until reduced to 1.5 zhan. Remove the Wu Mei, mix with one spoonful of honey. Divide into two doses, sip slowly.
To stop thirst in malaria, use Sheng Jiang Yin (Fresh Ginger Drink):
Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae), Zhi Gan Cao (Lightly fried Radix Glycyrrhizae), Cao Dou Kou (Semen Cardamomi Rotundae, peeled), Mu Tong (Caulis Akebiae, each 1 fen).
These five herbs. Cut like hemp seeds. Boil in 3 zhan of water until reduced to 1.5 zhan. Strain and divide into three doses, take warm.
To treat thirst, copious drinking, and restlessness in malaria, use Miao Ying Wan (Miraculous Efficacy Pill):
Lu Dou (Semen Phaseoli Radiati, 40 grains, pounded into powder), Hei Dou (Semen Sojae Nigrum, 30 grains, pounded into powder), Pi Shuang (Arsenic Trioxide, half qian, ground), Dan Sha (Cinnabaris, two grains the size of a black bean, ground), Qian Dan (Minium, 1 qian 7 fen, ground).
These five herbs. Grind together extremely uniformly. Add drops of water to form pills, making twenty pills total. Take one pill per dose. Use seven heart-shaped pieces of peach wood from the southeast direction, grind with well water (Jing Hua Shui), and swallow facing the sun. Taking with vinegar water is also acceptable. If the condition worsens slightly after taking the medicine, it will only manifest as slight chills; if mild, the disease will cease. Pregnant women must not take this.
To treat thirst and alternating chills and fever in malaria, use Chang Shan Tang (Dichroa Rhizome Decoction):
Chang Shan (Rhizoma Dichroae), Shu Qi (Ramulus Dichroae, burned until smoke ceases), Zhi Gan Cao (Fried Radix Glycyrrhizae, cut into small pieces, each 2 liang), Dan Zhu Ye (Cut Light Bamboo Leaf, 1 sheng), Da Huang (Raw Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, cut into small pieces, 3 liang).
These five herbs. Coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi, boiled with 1.5 zhan of water until reduced to 0.8 zhan. Strain and take warm.