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[Discussion] The condition of lower back pain due to deficiency consumption (Xu Lao) is caused by kidney damage from overexertion. The Kidney governs the waist and legs; if its Qi is insufficient, Wind pathogen may invade, causing lower back pain that radiates to the hypochondrium or abdomen, making it impossible to lie flat and breathe deeply. Palpation reveals a deep pulse at the Chi position, which confirms this diagnosis.

**Lurong Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption with physical exhaustion, lower back and leg pain, mental fatigue, reduced appetite, as well as for preserving youth and tonifying Qi:
Deer Antler Glue (Lu Rong) [Cervum Nipponium Cornu Colla], processed by removing hair and roasting with butter (2 liang); Fangfeng [Saposhnikoviae Radix] (remove twigs); Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark); Qianghuo [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix] (remove rhizome head); Bibi [Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma] (cut into pieces); Suanzaoren [Ziziphi Spinosae Semen] (lightly stir-fried); Taoren [Persicae Semen] (slice and roast); Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (soak in wine and slice).
The above seventeen ingredients are crushed, ground into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with warm wine.

**Shihu Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption lower back pain, promoting flexibility in the waist and knees:
Shihu [Dendrobii Caulis] (remove roots); Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (soak in wine, slice, and roast); Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark); Shanzhuyu [Corni Fructus]; Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin); Tusizi [Cuscutae Semen] (soak in wine); Huoxiang [Piperis Kadsurae Fructus] (use imported variety and stir-fry); Roudoukou [Myristicae Semen] (kernel); Fangfeng [Saposhnikoviae Radix] (remove twigs).
The above twenty-eight ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with decoction of ginger and jujube, or salt water, or warm wine.

**Qianghuo Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption with lower back and leg pain, swelling and heaviness, and difficulty walking:
Qianghuo [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix] (remove rhizome head); Tianxiong [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed until cracked, remove skin and navel); Huoxiang [Piperis Kadsurae Fructus] (stir-fried); Muxiang [Aucklandiae Radix]; Tianma [Gastrodiae Rhizoma]; Liuhuang [Sulfur] (raw, ground, each 1 liang); Ganjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma] (processed).
The above eight ingredients: process seven of them into fine powder. Take one papaya, cut off the top, remove seeds, insert sulfur and mugwort leaves, cover tightly with the original top, and steam in a rice steamer until cooked. Mash it and mix with the powder of the other herbs to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, washed down with warm wine or salt water.

**Cunjin Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption with weakness in waist and knees, extreme depletion of Yuan Qi, difficulty walking, and thigh pain:
Wuzhuyu [Evodiae Fructus] (wash with water, dry, stir-fry); Qingju pi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride] (soak in water, remove white pith, dry); Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (soak in wine, slice, roast); Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (soak in wine, slice, roast).
The above six ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 to 30 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with salt water.

**Roushouyu Wan Formula** for treating deficiency of Yuan Zang Qi, causing tightness and pain in the umbilical and abdominal region, weakness in waist and legs, difficulty walking, sallow complexion, emaciation, tinnitus, and mental fatigue:
Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (soak in wine overnight, slice, roast); Cishi [Magnetitum] (quench in vinegar); Weilingxian [Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (remove soil, each 1 liang); Binglang [Arecae Semen] (three pieces, processed, cut); Roudoukou [Myristicae Semen] (processed, remove shell); Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix] (remove heart); Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed, remove skin and navel, each half liang); Shengjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens] (two liang, slice, roast); Chenxiang [Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum] (one fen).
The above seventeen ingredients are crushed, ground into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with warm wine.

**Gan Dihuang Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption with lower back and leg pain, emaciation, and inability to eat:
Shu Gan Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted, 1 liang); Xixin [Asari Radix et Rhizoma] (remove seedlings and leaves); Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed, remove skin and navel, each one fen); Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin); Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma].
The above nine ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, on an empty stomach and before bed, washed down with warm wine. Gradually increase the dosage to 50 pills.

**Yangshen Tang Decoction** for treating deficiency consumption with insufficient Kidney Qi, lower back pain and weakness, soreness and pain in hands and feet, resembling bone-steaming fever:
Cishi [Magnetitum] (3 liang, quench in vinegar); Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark); Gancao [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (roasted, cut, each 1 liang); Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin, each 2 liang).
The above six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take five qianbi per dose, add two zhan of water. First, finely chop one sheep kidney, boil for three to five boils, then add the medicinal herbs. Simmer until one zhan remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. Repeat after some time.

**Lurong Wan Formula** for treating internal injury of Kidney Qi due to deficiency consumption, lower back pain preventing turning, strengthening sinews and bones, warming the Kidneys, nourishing spirit, and moistening complexion:
Deer Antler Glue (Lu Rong) [Cervum Nipponium Cornu Colla] (remove hair, roast with butter, 5 liang); Shihu [Dendrobii Caulis] (remove roots); Shanzhuyu [Corni Fructus]; Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix] (remove heart); Duzhong [Eucommiae Cortex] (remove rough bark, roast); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart).
The above seven ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with flour paste, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with warm wine.

**Fuzi Mugua Wan Formula** for treating long-term deficiency of Lower Yuan, weakness in waist and legs, severe difficulty in walking, or onset of pain, fluctuating appetite, where previous medications have failed to cure:
Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (ten pieces weighing half liang each; cook slowly in silver or earthenware vessel with one sheng of black beans and three bowls of water until beans are cooked and Fuzi is soft; slice, dry, and roast); Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (soak in wine, slice, roast, 6 liang); Qianghuo [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix] (remove rhizome head, 4 liang); Huoxiang [Piperis Kadsurae Fructus] (use imported variety and stir-fry); Qingju pi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride] (soak in water, remove white pith, dry); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart).
The above seven ingredients: crush six of them into fine powder. Mix with papaya paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 to 30 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with salt water. Stop when the disease is cured; do not take regularly.

**Suanzaoren Tang Decoction** for treating Kidney Wind and consumption, cold and painful feet, inability to bend or extend the waist and spine, and restricted walking:
Suanzaoren [Ziziphi Spinosae Semen] (raw, ground); Qianghuo [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix] (remove rhizome head); Duzhong [Eucommiae Cortex] (remove rough bark, roast with butter); Wujia pi [Acanthopanacis Cortex] (each 1.5 liang); Bibi [Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma]; Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark, each 1 liang); Fushen [Poria cum Pinodi] (remove wood, 3 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take five qianbi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water and one he of bamboo sap. Simmer until one zhan remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach.

**Niuxi Jiu Preparation** for treating deficiency consumption with lower back and leg pain, cold and exhaustion of Lower Yuan, and decline of Yang Qi:
Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix]; Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma]; Chuanxiong [Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma] (each 3 liang); Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed, remove skin and navel); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart); Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Huangqi [Astragali Membranacei Radix]; Shanzhuyu [Corni Fructus]; Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark); Yichen [Artemisiae Scopariae Herba].
The above eighteen ingredients are chopped, stored in a raw silk bag, and soaked in three dou of unadulterated wine. Soak for seven days in autumn/winter, three days in spring/summer. Take half zhan per dose, frequently drink warm at any time, maintaining a sensation of alcohol in the body.

**Dayibei Mogao Ointment** for treating Five Labors and Seven Injuries, lower back and knee pain, premature graying of temples, sallow complexion, chronic cold of the Water Organ (Kidney), hernia descent, deafness, dim vision, hemorrhoids, fistulas, intestinal wind, and all diseases; also treats women's chronic cold uterus, thinning hair, facial spots, Wind-Consumption Blood-Qi disorders, postpartum diseases, red and white leukorrhea:
Muxiang [Aucklandiae Radix]; Dingxiang [Syzygii Aromatisati Flos]; Linglingxiang [Lingzhicao]; Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed); Chenxiang [Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum]; Wuzhuyu [Evodiae Fructus]; Ganjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma] (processed); Boshang Liuhuang [Sulfur] (ground); Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark).
The above twelve ingredients: crush eight into fine powder, mix with the remaining four ground powders, blend with refined honey, and form pills the size of a chicken head fruit. Before use, take one he of fresh ginger juice, boil it, add one zhan of water, put in one pill, simmer until dissolved, grind with finger, and apply to the waist while in a warm room. Continue until the medicine is used up. Wrap the abdomen with cotton afterward. Soon the waist will feel hot like fire. Long-term use promotes smooth blood vessels and lustrous complexion.

**Wuweizi Wan Formula** for treating Five Labors and deficiency consumption, lower back and knee pain:
Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Tusizi [Cuscutae Semen] (soak in wine, grind separately); Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (soak in wine, slice, roast, each 2 liang); Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin, 1 liang); Cheqianzi [Plantaginis Semen].
The above six ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and pounded three hundred times. Form into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with warm wine.

**Huoxiang Biejia Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption lower back and knee pain:
Huoxiang [Piperis Kadsurae Fructus] (use imported variety and stir-fry); Biejia [Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum] (remove skirt edge, roast in vinegar, each 1 liang); Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (large piece, one piece, processed, remove skin and navel); Huluba [Trigonellae Foenum-Graeci Semen].
The above seven ingredients are made into fine powder, mixed with flour paste, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 10 to 20 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with warm wine.

**Shanyu Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption lower back pain and weakness in four limbs:
Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma]; Shu Gan Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted, each 2 liang); Huangqi [Astragali Membranacei Radix] (cut); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart, each 1 liang); Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix] (remove heart); Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (soak in wine, slice, roast); Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus] (each half liang); Baiziren [Platycladi Semen]; Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark, each 3 fen).
The above nine ingredients are made into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and pounded three hundred times. Form into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with warm wine.

**Fupenzi Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption lower back pain, immobility, Five Labors and Seven Injuries in men, Lower Yuan deficiency, promoting robustness and health:
Fupenzi [Rubiae Fructus] (remove calyx); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart); Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma]; Zexie [Alismatis Rhizoma]; Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed, remove skin and navel, each 1.5 liang); Baizhu [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (stir-fried); Houpo [Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex] (remove rough bark); Zhishi [Aurantii Fructus Immaturus] (roast, cut); Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Chenpi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (aged, soak in wine, slice, roast); Shu Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted); Chishizhi [Halloysit Rubrum]; Chenpi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (aged, soak in wine, slice, roast); Huangqi [Astragali Membranacei Radix] (cut, each 2 liang).
The above thirty-two ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 40 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with warm wine.

**Roushouyu Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption lower back pain, tonifying meridians, harmonizing Zang-Fu organs, clearing latent heat in the Heart, strengthening sinews and bones, lightening the body, improving vision, dispelling cold and Wind:
Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (soak in wine, remove wrinkled skin, slice, roast, 4 liang); Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma]; Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus] (each 2.5 liang); Duzhong [Eucommiae Cortex] (remove rough bark, roast, cut, 3 liang); Niuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (soak in wine, slice, roast); Tusizi [Cuscutae Semen] (soak in wine, grind separately); Chishizhi [Halloysit Rubrum]; Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin); Zexie [Alismatis Rhizoma]; Shu Gan Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted); Shanzhuyu [Corni Fructus].
The above twelve ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose daily, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with warm wine.

**Buyi Gan Dihuang Wan Formula** for treating Five Labors and Seven Injuries, insufficient Yang Qi, lower back and leg soreness and pain:
Shu Gan Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted, 4 liang); Wuweizi [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus]; Deer Antler Glue (Lu Rong) [Cervum Nipponium Cornu Colla] (remove hair, roast with butter); Rougui [Cinnamomi Cortex] (remove rough bark); Bajitian [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (remove heart); Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix] (remove heart).
The above eight ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with jujube decoction or yellow wine.

**Zhudu Wan Formula** for treating Kidney Consumption lower back and leg pain, and extreme cold of Spleen and Stomach:
Zhudu [Sus Scrofa Domestica Ventriculus] (one piece, clean); Fuzi [Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata] (processed, remove skin and navel); Zexie [Alismatis Rhizoma]; Roushouyu [Cynomorii Fructus] (remove wrinkled skin, soak in wine, slice, roast); Ganjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma] (processed); Binglang [Arecae Semen] (cut).
The above fourteen ingredients: except for the pig stomach, crush the rest into fine powder. Place ten liang of prepared mugwort inside the pig stomach, rot-cook in one dou of rice vinegar until soft, remove, mash finely, add the medicinal powders and remaining vinegar, adjust consistency, pound thousands of times, and form pills by hand the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose on an empty stomach with rice drink, increasing to 40 pills.

**Siwei Dihuang Wan Formula** for treating deficiency consumption with cold Qi in abdomen, tonifying waist and knees, filling marrow, and enhancing luster:
Shu Gan Dihuang [Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata] (roasted); Baizhu [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma]; Baifuling [Poria] (remove black skin); Tusizi [Cuscutae Semen] (soak in wine for two nights, grind separately, equal parts).
The above four ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, mixed with refined honey, and formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with warm wine, twice daily, on an empty stomach.