论曰肾与膀胱俱虚，其气盛有余则病小肠，故二经俱虚，则寒邪乘之，久而不愈，传为
小肠之疾，补虚之法，务去肾间寒邪，常须温暖，盖为此也，故今补虚，又参以治小肠之药。
治肾脏虚惫，腰膝疼，小肠膀胱等气攻冲。葫芦巴散方
葫芦巴 补骨脂（炒各二两） 荜茇 荜澄茄 香子（炒） 木香 丁香 楝实（锉
炒）
桂（去粗皮） 槟榔 巴戟天（去心） 京三棱（微锉） 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 附子（炮
裂去
皮脐） 枳壳（去瓤 炒各一两）
上一十五味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，水酒共一盏，同煎三五沸，温服，如作丸，用酒
煮面糊，丸如梧桐子大，空心盐汤下十五丸。
治小肠撮痛，补益。楝实散方
楝实 蓬莪术（煨锉） 京三棱（煨锉） 芎 补骨脂（炒） 菟丝子（酒浸别捣各
半两）
木香 葫芦巴 香子（炒） 桂（去粗皮） 荜澄茄 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 丁香（各
一分）
上一十三味。捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，热酒或生姜汤调下，食前服。
治小肠虚寒撮痛。 香子丸方
香子（炒） 蜀椒（去目并闭口炒取红） 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 巴戟天（去心） 木
香青
橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 青盐（别研） 肉苁蓉（酒浸切焙） 阿魏（醋化面和作饼炙） 楝
实（锉炒） 干蝎（去土炒） 荜澄茄 补骨脂（炒） 葫芦巴 大戟（各一两） 肉豆蔻
（去壳三枚） 硫黄
（舶上者研二两）
上一十七味。捣研为末，用白羊肾四对，去筋膜，沙盆内研如面糊，将药一处木臼中，
更入炼蜜杵千百下，丸如梧桐子大，每服温酒下二十丸，元气痛，煨葱白热酒下三十丸，空
心食前服。
治积年伤惫，小肠久冷，及 气备急。 香附子丸方
附子（炮裂去皮脐） 桂（去粗皮） 葫芦巴 马蔺花（炒） 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙）
香子
（炒） 楝实（取肉炒） 干姜（炮） 巴戟天（去心） 补骨脂（炒各半两）
上一十味。捣罗为末，酒煮面糊，丸如绿豆大，每服空心盐汤下二十丸。
治元阳虚惫，脐腹冷疼，面黄肌瘦，多困少力，腰膝酸痛，饮食减少，膀胱小肠气痛，
脾虚滑泄。玉蕊丸方
木香（三分） 香子（炒） 蝎梢（各半两） 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 白矾（烧令汁
枯一分）
阳起石（ ） 硫黄（研各半两） 砂（飞研一分）
上八味。捣罗为末，酒煮面糊，丸如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，温酒下，小肠膀胱气痛，
烧绵灰热酒，阴阳二毒伤寒，甘草汤，泻痢虚滑不止，腹内撮疼，煎艾汤，妇人赤白带下，
没药酒，脾胃虚弱，米谷不化，温酒下，并食前服。
治下元虚冷，脐腹撮痛，及小肠气疼。内固丸方
丹砂（研一两） 砂（水飞研一分） 香子（炒） 芫花（醋煮炒焦色） 延胡索 海
哈
楝实（取肉 炒） 半夏（汤洗七遍） 葫芦巴 芸苔（研） 海桐皮（锉各半两） 高良
姜没药
（研） 乳香（研） 红娘子（糯米炒别研各一分）
上一十五味。捣研为末，酒煮面糊，丸如梧桐子大，每服十五丸，炒生姜盐温酒下。食
前服。
治下元虚冷，脐腹撮痛，及膀胱小肠气疼。木香丸方
木香（半两） 干蝎（去土炒） 阿魏（醋化面调作饼炙各一分） 香子（炒） 天
麻（酒浸
切焙） 海哈 牛膝（酒浸切焙） 葫芦巴（炒） 银矿（锉末细研各半两）
上九味。捣罗为末，粟米饭丸如鸡头实大，每服一丸，炒生姜盐酒化下，食前服。
治劳伤，补诸不足。鹿茸丸方
鹿茸（去毛酥炙一对） 木香（半两） 葫芦巴（一两） 石槲（去根半两） 香子
（炒三分） 巴戟天（去心一两） 附子（炮裂去皮脐半两） 牛膝（酒浸切焙一两） 槟
榔（三分锉） 熟干
地黄（一两） 破故纸（一两酒浸炒） 肉苁蓉（一两酒浸焙） 官桂（半两） 菟丝子（一
两酒浸
一日） 蛇床子（半两酒浸） 苦楝子（一两） 薯蓣（半两） 干姜（半两）
上十八味。捣为末，酒面糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，空心温酒或盐汤下。
治小肠虚冷气痞，小腹如刀刺，或绕脐结痛冷汗宜服。吴茱萸散方
吴茱萸（一分汤浸焙干微炒） 浓朴（半两去皮涂生姜汁炙熟） 芎 （半两） 干姜
（半两
炮裂锉） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉） 附子（三分炮裂去皮脐）
上六味。捣粗筛为散，每服三钱匕，水一中盏，煎至六分去滓，不计时候稍热服。
治小肠虚冷，小便数多。鹿茸丸方
鹿茸（一两去毛涂酥炙令微黄） 白龙骨（一两炒过） 桑螵蛸（三分微炒） 附子（一
两半
炮裂去皮脐） 山茱萸（一两） 椒红（一两微炒）
上六味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和捣一二百杵，丸如梧桐子大，每服空心盐汤下二十丸。
治下元久冷，虚气攻刺心脾，小肠冷痛不可忍。腽肭膂散方
腽肭脐（切焙） 吴茱萸（汤洗焙炒） 甘松（洗焙） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 高良
姜（各一
分）
上五味。捣罗为末，先用猪白 一个，去脂膏，入葱白三茎，椒十四粒，盐一捻，同细
锉，银石器中炒，入无灰酒三盏，煮令熟去滓，每服七分盏，调药二钱匕，日三。
治下元积冷伤惫，筋骨无力，及小肠气疼痛，并肾脏风毒，腰膝乏力沉重。青盐丸方
青盐（研一两） 牡蛎（研三两）
上二味。同研，入小瓷合内，以盐泥固济令干，火 通赤，取出候冷再研匀。
天雄（炮裂去皮脐） 香子（炒） 青橘皮（汤浸去白炒） 附子（炮裂去皮脐各一
两）
上六味。除前二味外，捣罗为末，再同研匀，酒煮面糊，丸如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，
温酒盐汤下，不拘时候。
治小肠虚冷，时发搐痛，不思饮食，或时干哕，补益脏腑。芍药汤方
芍药 牡丹皮 莎草根（炒去毛） 高良姜（各一两） 木香 附子（炮裂去皮脐各半
两）
上六味。锉如麻豆，每服三钱匕，水一盏，生姜三片，枣二枚擘，煎至七分，去滓温服
。补虚治小肠气。正元煮散方
楝实（取肉炒） 木香 桂（去粗皮各半两） 甘草（炙一两） 香子（炒一分）
上五味。捣罗为散，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，临熟入盐少许温服，温酒调服亦
可。
治小肠气发动。降真丸方
附子（生去皮脐） 青橘皮（汤浸去白） 木香 芎 （各等分）
上四味。捣罗为末，浓糯米饮丸如梧桐子大，每服七丸至十丸，生姜盐汤下，日三。
治小肠气。白术散方
白术 楝实（取肉各二两） 青盐（一分）
上三味。细锉，慢火炒黑色留性，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，热酒调下，日三。
Discourse states: When both the Kidney and Bladder are deficient, if their Qi is excessive and surplus, it leads to disease in the Small Intestine. Therefore, when these two meridians are both deficient, Cold Evil (pathogenic cold) takes advantage of this deficiency to invade. If left untreated for a long time, it transmits into diseases of the Small Intestine. The method of tonifying deficiency must focus on eliminating the Cold Evil between the Kidneys and maintaining constant warmth; this is likely the reason. Thus, in the current treatment of tonifying deficiency, herbs for treating the Small Intestine are also incorporated.
Formula for Tonifying Kidney Deficiency and Exhaustion, Lower Back and Knee Pain, and Qi Attack in the Small Intestine and Bladder: Haluba San Powder
Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, stir-fried, 2 liang each), Bibo (Piperis Longi Fructus), Bidengqie (Piperis Betle Fructus), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, crushed and stir-fried), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, heart removed), Jingsanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, slightly crushed), Qingju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, pulp removed, stir-fried, 1 liang each).
The above fifteen ingredients are pounded and sifted into a powder. Each dose consists of 2 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water and wine together for three to five boils, taken warm. If made into pills, use wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds, taking 15 pills with salt water on an empty stomach.
Formula for Treating Cramping Pain in the Small Intestine with Tonification: Lianshi San Powder
Lianshi (Meliae Fructus), Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, baked and crushed), Jingsanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, baked and crushed), Xiong (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, stir-fried), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen, soaked in wine and separately pounded, half liang each), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed), Bidengqie (Piperis Betle Fructus), Chenju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, 1 fen each).
The above thirteen ingredients are pounded and sifted into a powder. Each dose consists of 2 qianbi, taken with hot wine or ginger soup before meals.
Formula for Treating Cramping Pain due to Empty-Cold in the Small Intestine: Xiangzi Wan Pill
Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Shujiao (Zanthoxyli Fructus, remove eyes and closed ones, stir-fry to take red part), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, heart removed), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Qingju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Qingyan (Blue Salt, separately ground), Roucongrong (Cynomorii Herba, soaked in wine, sliced and dried), Awei (Ferulae Resina, dissolved in vinegar, mixed with flour into cakes and roasted), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, crushed and stir-fried), Ganxie (Scorpio, cleaned and stir-fried), Bidengqie (Piperis Betle Fructus), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, stir-fried), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed), Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, 1 liang each), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen, shell removed, 3 pieces), Liuhuang (Sulfur, imported grade, ground, 2 liang).
The above seventeen ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Use four pairs of white goat kidneys, remove fascia, and grind in a sand basin until like flour paste. Place the medicine in a wooden mortar, add refined honey, and pound for thousands of times. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with warm wine. For Yuanqi pain, take 30 pills with roasted scallion white and hot wine. Take on an empty stomach before meals.
Formula for Treating Chronic Injury and Exhaustion, Long-term Cold in the Small Intestine, and Emergency Hernia: Xiangfuzi Wan Pill
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed), Malinhua (Iridis Tectorii Flos, stir-fried), Qingju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, flesh taken and stir-fried), Jiangtang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, heart removed), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, stir-fried, half liang each).
The above ten ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Use wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of mung beans. Take 20 pills with salt water on an empty stomach.
Formula for Treating Deficiency and Exhaustion of Primordial Yang, Cold Pain in Umbilical and Abdominal Regions, Sallow Complexion and Emaciation, Fatigue and Weakness, Soreness and Pain in Lower Back and Knees, Reduced Appetite, Qi Pain in Bladder and Small Intestine, and Spleen Deficiency with Loose Stools: Yurui Wan Pill
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 3 fen), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Xieshao (Scorpio tip, half liang each), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Baijian (Alumen, burned until juice is dry, 1 fen), Yangqishi (Actinolite, unspecified preparation), Liuhuang (Sulfur, ground, half liang each), Sha (Realgar, flown and ground, 1 fen).
The above eight ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Use wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with warm wine. For Qi pain in Small Intestine and Bladder, take with hot wine mixed with ash from burnt cotton. For Yin-Yang Two Poisons Shanghan, take with Licorice soup. For dysentery and loose stools that do not stop, take with Mugwort decoction. For cramping pain inside the abdomen, take with Mugwort decoction. For red and white leukorrhea in women, take with Myrrh wine. For Spleen and Stomach weakness with undigested food, take with warm wine. Take all before meals.
Formula for Treating Deficiency-Cold in Lower Origin, Cramping Pain in Umbilical and Abdominal Regions, and Qi Pain in Small Intestine: Neigu Wan Pill
Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground, 1 liang), Sha (Realgar, water-flown and ground, 1 fen), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos, boiled in vinegar and stir-fried until scorched), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma), Haiha (unspecified, retain original text), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, flesh taken and stir-fried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed), Yuncai (Brassicae Pekinensis Semen, ground), Haitongpi (Saposhnikoviae Radix, crushed, half liang each), Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma), Moyao (Myrrha), Rushiag (Olibanum, ground), Hongniangzi (Lytta, stir-fried with glutinous rice and separately ground, 1 fen each).
The above fifteen ingredients are pounded and ground into powder. Use wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 pills with stir-fried ginger, salt, and warm wine. Take before meals.
Formula for Treating Deficiency-Cold in Lower Origin, Cramping Pain in Umbilical and Abdominal Regions, and Qi Pain in Bladder and Small Intestine: Muxiang Wan Pill
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, half liang), Ganxie (Scorpio, cleaned and stir-fried), Awei (Ferulae Resina, dissolved in vinegar, mixed with flour into cakes and roasted, 1 fen each), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma, soaked in wine, sliced and dried), Haiha (unspecified, retain original text), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, soaked in wine, sliced and dried), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed, stir-fried), Yinkuang (Silver Ore, crushed into fine powder, half liang each).
The above nine ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Use millet rice paste to form pills the size of arrowhead fruits. Take one pill, dissolved with stir-fried ginger, salt, and wine. Take before meals.
Formula for Treating Labor Injury and Tonifying Various Deficiencies: Lurong Wan Pill
Lurong (Deer Antler, hair removed, roasted with butter, one pair), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, half liang), Haluba (Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed, 1 liang), Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis, roots removed, half liang), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried, 3 fen), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, heart removed, 1 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed, half liang), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, soaked in wine, sliced and dried, 1 liang), Binglang (Arecae Semen, 3 fen crushed), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 1 liang), Poguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, soaked in wine and stir-fried, 1 liang), Roucongrong (Cynomorii Herba, soaked in wine and dried, 1 liang), Guanzi Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, half liang), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen, soaked in wine for one day, 1 liang), Chuangzi (Cnidii Fructus, half liang soaked in wine), Kulianzi (Meliae Semen, 1 liang), Shuyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, half liang), Jiangtang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, half liang).
The above eighteen ingredients are pounded into powder. Use wine and flour paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills with warm wine or salt water on an empty stomach.
Formula for Treating Empty-Cold Qi Stagnation in Small Intestine, Knife-like Pain in Lower Abdomen, or Cramping Pain Around Umbilicus with Cold Sweat: Wuzhuyu San Powder
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 fen, soaked in hot water, dried, slightly stir-fried), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, half liang, skin removed, coated with ginger juice, roasted until cooked), Xiong (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, half liang), Jiangtang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, half liang, cracked by processing and crushed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, half liang, roasted until slightly red and crushed), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 3 fen, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed).
The above six ingredients are coarsely pounded and sieved into powder. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to six parts, strain, and take slightly warm at any time.
Formula for Treating Empty-Cold in Small Intestine with Frequent Urination: Lurong Wan Pill
Lurong (Deer Antler, 1 liang, hair removed, coated with butter and roasted until slightly yellow), Bailonggu (Fossilia Ossis Parietis, 1 liang, stir-fried), Sangpiaoxiao (Mantidis Oötheca, 3 fen, slightly stir-fried), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 1.5 liang, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, 1 liang), Jiaohong (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, 1 liang, slightly stir-fried).
The above six ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Mix with refined honey and pound for 100-200 times. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with salt water on an empty stomach.
Formula for Treating Long-term Cold in Lower Origin, Empty Qi Attacking Heart and Spleen, and Unbearable Cold Pain in Small Intestine: Anasu San Powder
Ansuqi (Viverrae Musk Deer Gland, sliced and dried), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, washed in hot water, dried and stir-fried), Gansong (Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma, washed and dried), Chenju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma, 1 fen each).
The above five ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. First, take one piece of pig white fat, remove grease, add three stalks of scallion white, fourteen Sichuan peppercorns, and a pinch of salt. Finely chop and stir-fry in a silver or earthenware vessel. Add three zhan of unadulterated wine, boil until cooked, strain. Take 0.7 zhan per dose, mix with 2 qianbi of medicine powder, three times daily.
Formula for Treating Accumulated Cold and Injury in Lower Origin, Weakness in Bones and Tendons, Qi Pain in Small Intestine, Kidney Wind-Toxin, and Heavy Weakness in Lower Back and Knees: Qingyan Wan Pill
Qingyan (Blue Salt, ground, 1 liang), Musli (Ostreae Concha, ground, 3 liang).
The above two ingredients are ground together, placed in a small porcelain jar, sealed with salt mud until dry, fired until red hot, cooled, and ground evenly again.
Tianxiong (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried), Qingju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed and stir-fried), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed, 1 liang each).
The above six ingredients, excluding the first two, are pounded and sifted into powder, then ground evenly with the previous mixture. Use wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with warm wine and salt water at any time.
Formula for Treating Empty-Cold in Small Intestine with Occasional Convulsive Pain, Loss of Appetite, or Dry Hiccups, Tonifying Zang-Fu Organs: Shaoyao Tang Decoction
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Suocaogen (Cyperus Rotundus Rhizoma, stir-fried and hair removed), Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma, 1 liang each), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by processing, skin and umbilicus removed, half liang each).
The above six ingredients are chopped like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water, three slices of ginger, and two broken dates until reduced to seven parts. Strain and take warm.
Tonifying Deficiency and Treating Qi of Small Intestine: Zhengyuan Zhusan Powder
Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, flesh taken and stir-fried), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed, half liang each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, roasted, 1 liang), Xiangzi (Litseae Fructus, stir-fried, 1 fen).
The above five ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to seven parts. Add a little salt when nearly done and take warm. Taking with warm wine is also acceptable.
Formula for Treating Onset of Qi in Small Intestine: Jiangzhen Wan Pill
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix, raw, skin and umbilicus removed), Qingju pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Xiong (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, equal parts).
The above four ingredients are pounded and sifted into powder. Use thick glutinous rice drink to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 7 to 10 pills with ginger and salt water, three times daily.
Formula for Treating Qi in Small Intestine: Baizhu San Powder
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus, flesh taken, 2 liang each), Qingyan (Blue Salt, 1 fen).
The above three ingredients are finely chopped, slowly stir-fried over low heat until black but retaining efficacy, pounded and sifted into powder. Each dose consists of 2 qianbi, taken with hot wine, three times daily.