论曰足阳明之脉起于鼻之交 中，旁约太阳之脉，下循鼻外，入上齿中，手阳明之脉其
支者从缺盆上颈贯颊，下入齿缝中，若其经虚，风热所袭，传流齿牙，攻注龈肉，则致肿痒
，甚者与龈间津液相搏，化为浓汁或血，宣而不已。
治风齿龈肿痛有血。地骨皮丸方
地骨皮 白芷 升麻 防风（去叉） 赤芍药（各半两） 柴胡（去苗一两） 生干地
黄（焙
一两半）
榔（锉）细辛
（屑各半两） 胡黄
连甘草
上二十二味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，食后夜卧，熟水下三十丸，以利为度
治骨槽风，牙龈肿痒、及风冷痛齿宣有血，牢牙。乌金散方
槐白皮（锉） 猪牙皂荚 威灵仙（去土） 生干地黄（各一两以上七味锉碎泥固济入
罐子
内用瓦一片盖口炭火十斤烧赤放冷取出研末） 细辛（去苗叶） 升麻（各半两并捣罗为细
末）
麝香（一两别研）
上一十味，捣研为细末，相和令匀，每临卧用水调药半钱，涂在纸上，于牙龈上贴之
，贴三两次即愈。
又方
赤小豆（二合炒熟） 黑豆（二合炒熟） 柳枝（一握锉） 地骨皮（一两） 柳蠹末
（半合）
上五味，捣筛为散，每用四钱匕，水一大盏，煎至七分，去滓热含冷吐。
又方
郁李根（一两） 川椒（一分） 柳枝（二两锉） 槐枝（二两锉） 莨菪子（半两） 蔷
薇根（
二两锉）
上六味，捣筛为粗散，每用四钱匕，水一大盏，煎至七分，去滓热含冷吐。
又方
白矾（一两烧灰）
上一味，研为细末，每用半钱，敷齿根下则愈。
治骨槽风痛，龈肿齿疏。胡桐泪散方
胡桐泪（一两） 槐树根（五两） 白蔷薇根（五两） 垂柳梢（五两） 李树根（五
两）
上五味，捣筛为粗散，每用半两，水二大盏，煎至一盏，去滓热含冷吐。
又方
松节（一两） 细辛（半两） 胡桐泪（一两） 蜀椒（一分去目及闭口者微炒）
上四味、捣碎，为五度用，每度以酒二盏，煎十余沸，去滓，热含冷吐。
又方
生地黄（一斤取汁） 胡桐泪（半两细研） 白矾（半两枯研） 麝香（一分细研）
上四味，研为极细末，与生地黄汁，相和令匀，于银器中，即以文武火，慢慢煎成膏，
临时以药于牙龈上涂之，有津即咽，每用一字，食后夜卧。
治齿龈肿痛，及虫蚀。黄芩汤方
黄芩（去黑心） 甘草 当归（切焙） 细辛（去苗叶各一两） 蛇床子（炒） 桂心
（各一两）
上六味，捣筛粗末，每用五钱匕，以酸浆二盏，煎十余沸，去滓，热漱冷吐。
治风齿牙龈肿痛，热毒上攻，头面肿。地黄膏方
生地黄汁（五合） 当归（切焙半两） 白芷（半钱） 盐花（研二钱） 细辛（去苗
叶一分）
上五味，捣研四味为末，以地黄汁，于银器中，慢火熬成膏，临时涂患处，日三五度。
治牙龈肿痛，宣露有血，揩齿牢牙乌髭鬓。黑鹤散方
青盐（四两） 血余（一分） 皂荚（五两） 荆芥（三十束去梗） 地骨皮（一分）
上五味，入瓦罐子内，盐泥固济，用炭火 ，烟青为度，放冷出药细研，每用半钱，揩
齿良久，温水漱之。
治骨槽风，牙齿宣露，肿痒浮动，疼痛时作，或龈烂生疮，兼大人小儿口疮。地骨皮散
方
地骨皮 麦 （各一两） 猪牙皂荚（半两） 青盐（一分）
上四味，同捣碎，入锅炒，捣罗为散，每用先以盐浆水漱口，掺擦。
治大人小儿，唇口并齿龈有疮肿，疼痛臭气，及一切恶疮。消毒散方
晚蚕蛾 五倍子 密陀僧
上三味等分，捣罗为散，每用少许糁贴。
治风牙龈肿疼，痛不可忍。蜀椒散方
蜀椒（去目并闭口炒出汗半两） 猪牙皂荚（去黑皮一分）
上二味，捣罗为散，每用半钱，绵裹置疼处咬之，良久涎出立效。
治牙齿肿痛。露蜂房汤方
露蜂房（大者炙） 矾石（烧灰各一两）
上二味，捣为粗末，每用二钱匕，水一中盏，煎十余沸，热渫冷吐。
Commentary states: The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian originates beside the nose, intersects at the root of the nose, and laterally constrains the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. It descends along the lateral aspect of the nose, entering the upper gingiva. The branch of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian ascends from the Clavicle region to the neck, passes through the cheek, and descends into the lower interdental space. If these meridians are deficient, Wind-Heat pathogens may invade, transmit to the teeth, and attack the gingival flesh, resulting in swelling and itching. In severe cases, it interacts with the fluids between the gums, transforming into pus or blood, leading to persistent discharge.
Formula for treating Wind-induced gingival swelling, pain, and bleeding (Digupi Wan):
* Cortex Lycii Radicis (Digupi)
* Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi)
* Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma)
* Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), fork removed
* Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao)
* Each: 0.5 liang
* Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), sprout removed: 1 liang
* Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengshengdihuang), dried and roasted: 1.5 liang
* Arecae Semen (Binglang), sliced
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), powdered
* Each: 0.5 liang
* Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (Huhuanglian)
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao)
Process twenty-two ingredients by pounding and sieving into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take thirty pills after meals and before sleep, washed down with warm boiled water. Stop when bowel movements become loose.
Formula for treating Gu Cao Feng (Bone Trench Wind), gingival swelling/itching, wind-cold induced tooth loosening with bleeding, and for strengthening teeth (Wujin San):
* Cortex Morus Albae (Huai Baipi), sliced
* Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Zhuya Zaojiao)
* Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma (Weilingxian), soil removed
* Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengshengdihuang)
* Each: 1 liang
* *Processing:* Sliced seven ingredients above, sealed with mud in a jar, covered with a tile, fired with ten jin of charcoal until red hot, then cooled and ground to powder.
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), sprouts and leaves removed: 0.5 liang
* Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma): 0.5 liang
* Processed together by pounding and sieving into fine powder.
* Moschus (Shexiang): 1 liang, separately ground fine.
Process ten ingredients into fine powder and mix uniformly. Before sleep, mix half a qian of medicine with water, apply onto paper, and paste onto the gingiva. Apply two to three times for cure.
Another Formula:
* Phaseoli Vulgaris Semen Rubrum (Chixiaodou), 2 he, roasted
* Sojae Semen Nigrum (Heidou), 2 he, roasted
* Ramulus Salicis (Liuzhi), one handful, sliced
* Cortex Lycii Radicis (Digupi): 1 liang
* Powder from Willow Borers (Liudu Mo), 0.5 he
Process five ingredients by pounding and sieving into powder. Use four qian bi per dose, decoct with one da zhen of water until reduced to 70%. Strain, hold the hot liquid in the mouth, and spit out when cool.
Another Formula:
* Prunus Dissitiformis Radix (Yuligen): 1 liang
* Zanthoxyli Pericarpium (Chuanjiao): 1 fen
* Ramulus Salicis (Liuzhi), 2 liang, sliced
* Ramulus Mori Albae (Huai Zhi), 2 liang, sliced
* Hyoscyami Semen (Langdangzi): 0.5 liang
* Rosae Rugosae Radix (Qiangweigen), 2 liang, sliced
Process six ingredients into coarse powder. Use four qian bi per dose, decoct with one da zhen of water until reduced to 70%. Strain, hold the hot liquid in the mouth, and spit out when cool.
Another Formula:
* Alumen (Baifan), 1 liang, calcined to ash.
Grind this single ingredient into fine powder. Apply half a qian under the tooth roots for cure.
Formula for treating Gu Cao Feng pain, gingival swelling, and sparse teeth (Hutonglei San):
* Tallow Tree Resin (Hutonglei): 1 liang
* Morus Alba Root Bark (Huai Shugen): 5 liang
* White Rose Root (Bai Qiangwei Gen): 5 liang
* Weeping Willow Tip (Chuiliu Shao): 5 liang
* Prunus Persica Root (Lishu Gen): 5 liang
Process five ingredients into coarse powder. Use half a liang per dose, decoct with two da zhen of water until reduced to one da zhen. Strain, hold the hot liquid in the mouth, and spit out when cool.
Another Formula:
* Pinus Massoniana Node (Songjie): 1 liang
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin): 0.5 liang
* Tallow Tree Resin (Hutonglei): 1 liang
* Zanthoxylum Schinifolium Fruit (Shujiao), 1 fen, remove eyes and closed ones, lightly stir-fried.
Process four ingredients, crush them, and divide into five doses. For each dose, decoct with two da zhen of wine for more than ten boils. Strain, hold the hot liquid in the mouth, and spit out when cool.
Another Formula:
* Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengdihuang), 1 jin, extract juice
* Tallow Tree Resin (Hutonglei), 0.5 liang, finely ground
* Alumen (Baifan), 0.5 liang, calcined and ground
* Moschus (Shexiang), 1 fen, finely ground
Grind the four ingredients into extremely fine powder, mix evenly with fresh Rehmannia juice. Slowly simmer in a silver vessel over mild fire until it becomes an ointment. Apply to the gingiva as needed; swallow if saliva is produced. Use one zi amount after meals and before sleep.
Formula for treating gingival swelling/pain and dental caries (Huangqin Tang):
* Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), remove black heart
* Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao)
* Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), sliced and roasted
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), sprouts and leaves removed
* Cnidii Fructus (Shechuangzi), roasted
* Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin)
* Each: 1 liang
Process six ingredients into coarse powder. Use five qian bi per dose, decoct with two da zhen of sour water for more than ten boils. Strain, rinse mouth with hot liquid, and spit out when cool.
Formula for treating Wind-induced gingival swelling/pain, Heat-Toxin attacking upward causing head/face swelling (Dihuang Gao):
* Fresh Rehmannia Juice (Shengdihuang Zhi): 5 he
* Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), sliced and roasted: 0.5 liang
* Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi): 0.5 qian
* Halitum (Yanhua), ground: 2 qian
* Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), sprouts and leaves removed: 1 fen
Process the four dry ingredients into powder. Mix with Rehmannia juice and slowly simmer in a silver vessel to form an ointment. Apply to affected area temporarily, 3-5 times daily.
Formula for treating gingival swelling/pain, tooth loosening with bleeding, strengthening teeth, and darkening beard/temples (Hei He San):
* Halotum (Qingyan): 4 liang
* Hirsutus Capillus (Xuyure): 1 fen
* Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Zaojiao): 5 liang
* Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie), 30 bundles, stems removed
* Cortex Lycii Radicis (Digupi): 1 fen
Place five ingredients in a clay jar, seal with salt mud, roast with charcoal until smoke turns blue. Cool, grind medicine finely. Use half a qian to rub teeth for a long time, then rinse with warm water.
Formula for treating Gu Cao Feng, tooth loosening, swelling/itching/mobility, intermittent pain, gum ulceration, and aphthous ulcers in adults and children (Digupi San):
* Cortex Lycii Radicis (Digupi)
* Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong)
* Each: 1 liang
* Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Zhuya Zaojiao): 0.5 liang
* Halotum (Qingyan): 1 fen
Process four ingredients, crush, stir-fry in a pot, pound and sieve into powder. Rinse mouth with saline water first, then apply and rub.
Formula for treating adults and children with lip/oral/gingival sores/swelling, painful foul odor, and all malignant sores (Xiaodu San):
* Bombyx Batryticatus (Wancan'e)
* Gallae Chinensis (Wubeizi)
* Litharge (Miduoseng)
Process three ingredients in equal parts, pound and sieve into powder. Apply a small amount directly to the sore.
Formula for treating Wind-induced gingival swelling/pain, unbearable pain (Shujiao San):
* Zanthoxylum Schinifolium Fruit (Shujiao), 0.5 liang, remove eyes/closed ones, stir-fry until sweat appears
* Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Zhuya Zaojiao), 1 fen, remove black skin
Process two ingredients into powder. Wrap half a qian in cotton, place on painful spot and bite. Saliva will flow out after a while, providing immediate relief.
Formula for treating tooth swelling/pain (Lufengfang Tang):
* Vespa Crabro Nest (Lufengfang), large ones roasted
* Alum (Fanshi), calcined to ash
* Each: 1 liang
Process two ingredients into coarse powder. Use two qian bi per dose, decoct with one zhong zhen of water for more than ten boils. Wash with hot liquid, spit out when cool.