味苦，微寒，微温，无毒。主五脏瘀血，腹中水气，胪胀留热，风寒湿痹，身体诸
疗心下坚，膈中寒热，周痹，妇人月水不通，消食，明目。《药性论》云∶味辛苦。益
主男子阴痿不起，治心腹胀满，能消瘀血。日华子云∶治腰脚重痛，膀胱疼，明目及骨
痛，不下食。荆实、薏苡为使。《千金翼》∶韦宙独行方∶主 折瘀血，单用煮服之。
云∶今人亦打扑损多用此法，饮散皆通，其功最速。处处有之。
味辛甘，温、平、微寒，无毒。主五脏邪气，女子阴中寒热痛，症瘕，血闭，绝子。
咳逆，治脱肛，散淋结，头中风眩，痿蹶，强阴益精。《药性论》云∶君。能治月经不
尸疰鬼疰，腹痛，去百邪鬼魅。日华子云∶镇心，治邪啼泣，除面 ，头风，暖水脏。生
破血，炙用止血。
味苦，寒，大寒，无毒。主骨间寒热，惊痫邪气，续断伤，定五脏，杀蛊毒，除胃
热，时气温热，热泄下痢，去肠中小虫，益肝胆气，止惊惕。日华子云∶小豆为使。治
疳气，热病狂语，疮疥，明目，止烦。生∶齐朐山谷及冤句。状似牛膝，味甚苦，故
名。君。贯众为之使。恶∶防葵、地黄。
味苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主热气目痛， 伤泪出，明目，肠 腹痛下痢，妇人阴中肿
五脏冷热。久下泄 脓血，止烦渴，大惊，除水利骨，调胃浓肠，益胆，疗口疮。《药
云∶杀小儿疳虫，点赤眼 痛，镇肝，去热毒。恶∶菊花、芫花、玄参、白藓、僵蚕
款冬、冷水。胜乌头。解∶巴豆毒。忌∶猪血。
[Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)]
Bitter in taste, slightly cold, (Note: "Slightly warm" in the original text is likely a scribal error as Huanglian is primarily cold) slightly warm, non-toxic. It governs blood stasis in the five zang organs, water qi in the abdomen, abdominal distension with lingering heat, bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, and various ailments of the body; it treats hardness below the heart, cold and heat in the diaphragm, generalized bi pain, amenorrhea in women, aids digestion, and brightens the eyes. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: Bitter and pungent in taste. It treats impotence in men, abdominal fullness and distension, and can resolve blood stasis. Ri Huazi states: It treats heaviness and pain in the waist and legs, bladder pain, brightens the eyes, treats bone pain, and poor appetite. Jing Shi (Vitex fruit) and Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen) serve as guiding herbs. *Qianjin Yi Fang* records Wei Zhou's solitary prescription: It treats blood stasis from fractures and bruises, taken alone as a decoction. It states: Nowadays, people also frequently use this method for treating contusions and injuries; whether taken as a powder or decoction, it promotes circulation effectively, and its efficacy is the fastest. It grows everywhere.
[Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Pungent and sweet in taste, warm, neutral, slightly cold, non-toxic. It governs pathogenic qi in the five zang organs, cold and heat pain in the vagina of women, zheng jia (abdominal masses), blood obstruction, and infertility. It treats cough and counterflow qi, proctoptosis, dissipates lin syndrome accumulations, wind-stroke dizziness of the head, flaccidity and cold extremities, strengthens the yin and benefits essence. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It serves as the sovereign herb. It can treat irregular menstruation, shi zhu and gui zhu (chronic infectious diseases), abdominal pain, and expels various evil spirits and malevolent influences. Ri Huazi states: It calms the heart and spirit, treats fright-induced crying, removes facial pigmentation, treats headache due to wind, and warms the water organ (kidney). Raw usage breaks blood, while honey-fried usage stops bleeding.
[Huangbo (Phellodendri Cortex)]
Bitter in taste, cold, very cold, non-toxic. It governs cold and heat between the bones, fright and epilepsy due to evil qi, heals broken bones and injuries, stabilizes the five zang organs, kills gu poison, clears stomach heat, treats epidemic warm febrile diseases, hot dysentery, removes small intestinal parasites, benefits liver and gallbladder qi, and stops frightfulness. Ri Huazi states: Red Bean (Adzuki bean) serves as the guiding herb. It treats gan qi (pediatric malnutrition syndrome), delirious speech during high fever, sores and scabies, brightens the eyes, and relieves vexation. Habitat: Grows in Qiqu Valley and Yuanju. It resembles Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) in shape and has a very bitter taste, hence its name. It serves as the sovereign herb. Guanzhong (Cyrtomii Rhizoma) serves as the guiding herb. Antagonistic to: Fangkui (Adenophorae Radix) and Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix).
[Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)]
Bitter in taste, cold, slightly cold, non-toxic. It governs eye pain due to heat qi, tearing from trauma, brightens the eyes, abdominal pain and dysentery due to intestinal issues, vaginal swelling in women, and regulates cold and heat in the five zang organs. It treats chronic diarrhea with pus and blood, relieves vexation and thirst, severe fright, promotes urination and removes damp-heat from bones, harmonizes the stomach and intestines, benefits the gallbladder, and treats mouth ulcers. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It kills pediatric gan parasites, applies to red and painful eyes, calms the liver, and removes heat toxins. Antagonistic to: Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Kuantong (Tussilaginis Flos), and Cold Water. It surpasses Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Detoxification: Resolves Bidou (Crotonis Fructus) toxicity. Contraindicated with: Pig blood.