味酸，平，无毒。主下气，除热烦满，安心，肢体痛偏枯不仁，死肌，去青黑痣，恶疾，
止下痢，好唾口干。《药性论》云∶梅核仁可单用，能除烦热。陈藏器云∶止渴，令人膈上
热。乌梅∶去痰，主疟瘴，止渴，调中，除冷热痢，止吐逆。日华子云∶止渴。多啖，伤骨
蚀脾胃。根叶浓煎汤治休息痢并霍乱。
味甘，平，无毒。主益气。《药性论》云∶臣。微热。主男子肾精虚竭，女子食之有子，
主阴痿，能令坚长。日华子云∶安五脏，益颜色，养精气，疗中风身热及惊。
味甘，平，无毒。主安中，补五脏。一名菱。孟诜云∶菱实，仙家蒸作粉，蜜和食之可
休粮。水族之中此物最不能治病。又云，令人脏冷，损阳气， 。茎可少食，令人腹胀满者，
可暖酒和姜饮之即消。解丹石毒。今所在有之。
味酸，温，无毒。主湿痹，邪气，霍乱大吐下转筋不止。其枝叶亦可煮用。陈藏器云∶
下冷气，强筋骨，消食，止水痢后渴不止，又香港脚冲心，又止呕逆膈痰唾。日华子云∶止吐
泻，奔豚及香港脚水肿，冷热痢，心腹痛，疗渴，呕逆，痰唾。根治香港脚。
味苦，平，无毒。主猝 不止，下气。《唐本》注∶用叶须火炙，布拭去毛。不尔，射
人肺，令咳不巳，又主咳逆不下食。《药性论》云∶使。能主胃气冷，呕哕不止。日华子云∶
子∶平，无毒。治肺气，润五脏，下气，止呕逆并渴。叶∶疗产后口干。
Meishi (Plum Fruit): Sour in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily descends Qi, eliminates heat and fullness, calms the mind, treats limb pain, hemiplegia and numbness, dead flesh, removes dark moles and malignant sores, stops dysentery, and alleviates excessive salivation and dry mouth. *Xing Ling Lun* states: The kernel of the plum can be used alone to eliminate irritability and heat. Chen Cangqi states: Stops thirst but may cause heat above the diaphragm. Wumei (Smoked Plum): Resolves phlegm, primarily treats malaria and miasma, stops thirst, harmonizes the middle jiao, eliminates cold and hot dysentery, and stops vomiting and rebellious Qi. Ri Huazi states: Stops thirst. Excessive consumption damages bones and erodes the spleen and stomach. Decoction of the root and leaves is used to treat chronic dysentery and cholera-like syndrome.
Pipaye (Loquat Leaf): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies Qi. *Xing Ling Lun* states: Acts as a minister herb. Slightly warm in nature. Primarily treats depletion of kidney essence in men; women consuming it may conceive; treats impotence and promotes firmness and lengthening. Ri Huazi states: Calms the five zang organs, improves complexion, nourishes essence and qi, treats body heat due to wind-stroke and palpitations.
Lingshi (Water Chestnut): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily harmonizes the middle jiao and tonifies the five zang organs. Also known as Ling. Meng Shen states: Water chestnuts steamed by immortals into powder, mixed with honey and eaten, can sustain life without grain. Among aquatic plants, this one is least effective for treating disease. It also states that it causes coldness in the viscera and damages yang qi. [Text missing]. The stem can be consumed in small amounts; if it causes abdominal distension, drinking it with warm wine and ginger will resolve it. Resolves toxicity from cinnabar and realgar. It is found everywhere today.
Pizhi (Loquat Branch): Sour in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats damp-bi syndrome, pathogenic factors, cholera with severe vomiting and diarrhea, and continuous muscle cramps. Its branches and leaves can also be boiled for use. Chen Cangqi states: Descends cold qi, strengthens sinews and bones, aids digestion, stops thirst after dysentery, treats foot-qi rushing to the heart, and stops vomiting, rebellious Qi, and phlegm-saliva above the diaphragm. Ri Huazi states: Stops vomiting and diarrhea,奔豚 (running piglet) syndrome, edema due to foot-qi, cold and hot dysentery, heart and abdominal pain, treats thirst, vomiting, rebellious Qi, and phlegm-saliva. The root treats foot-qi.
Pipizi (Loquat Seed): Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats sudden persistent hiccups and descends Qi. *Tang Bencao* annotation: Leaves must be roasted over fire and brushed with cloth to remove hairs. Otherwise, the hairs will irritate the lungs, causing incessant coughing, and it also treats rebellious coughing and inability to eat. *Xing Ling Lun* states: Acts as an envoy herb. Primarily treats cold stomach qi and incessant vomiting and hiccupping. Ri Huazi states: Seed: Neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats lung qi, moistens the five zang organs, descends Qi, stops vomiting, rebellious Qi, and thirst. Leaf: Treats dry mouth after childbirth.