味辛苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主寒热，中风螈 ，痉，惊痫邪气，除症坚，瘀血留舍肠
胃，安五脏，疗痈疮，除时气头痛，客热五劳，劳热，头腰痛，风噤癫疾。《药性论》云∶
治冷气，散诸痛，女子经脉不通，血沥腰疼。日华子云∶除邪气，悦色，通关腠血脉，排脓
，通月经，消扑损瘀血，续筋骨，除风痹，落胎下胞，产后一切女人冷热血气。畏∶菟丝。
忌∶蒜。
味辛，大温，无毒。主温中下气，补腰脚，杀腥气，消食，除胃冷，阴疝， 癖。其
根名荜茇没，主五劳七伤，阴汗，核肿。日华子云∶治霍乱，冷气，心痛，血气。陈脏器云
∶荜茇没味辛，温，无毒。主冷气呕逆，心腹胀满，食不消，寒疝，核肿，妇人内冷无子，
治腰肾冷，除血气。
味咸，寒，无毒。主解诸药毒，小儿诸热，惊痫发热，天行头痛寒热，并水研服。亦
敷热疮，恶肿，金疮，下血，蛇犬等毒。《药性论》云∶君。味甘，平。能解小儿疳热消
杀虫。又治发豌豆疮。杀∶恶虫物化为水。
味苦，寒，无毒。主热风烦闷，胸膈间热气，明目镇心，小儿癫痫惊风，疗五疳，杀
虫及痔病疮 。解巴豆毒。《药性论》云∶可单用，杀小儿疳蛔，主吹鼻，杀脑疳，除鼻
《南海药谱》云∶兼治小儿诸热。《海上方》∶治 齿。以盐揩齿令净，然后敷少末
(Mudanpi) Acrid and bitter in flavor, cold or slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats alternating chills and fever (Hanre), convulsions and spasms caused by wind-stroke (Zhongfeng Chongxian, Jing), evil qi of惊痫 (Jingxian Xieqi), eliminates hard accumulations and masses (Zhengjian), removes blood stasis retained in the intestines and stomach, calms the five Zang organs, treats carbuncles and sores (Yongchuang), relieves headaches due to epidemic febrile diseases (Shiqi Toulong), clears exogenous heat and deficiency heat from five overexertions (Wulao, Laore), treats headache and lower back pain, and addresses wind-induced trismus and epilepsy (Fengjin Dianji). *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It treats cold qi, dissipates various pains, unblocks menstruation in women, treats blood strangury and lower back pain. Ri Huazi states: It dispels evil qi, promotes a rosy complexion, opens interstices and collaterals, expels pus, regulates menstruation, resolves bruising and blood stasis from trauma, knits bones and tendons, dispels wind-bi syndrome, induces abortion and expulsion of the placenta, and treats all cold-blood-qi disorders in postpartum women. Aversion: Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen). Taboo: Garlic.
(Bibo) Acrid in flavor, very warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily warms the middle and directs rebellious Qi downward, tonifies the waist and knees, eliminates fishy odors, aids digestion, removes cold from the stomach, treats Yin hernia (Yinshan) and Pi accumulation. Its root is named Bibo Mo, which primarily treats five exhaustions and seven injuries (Wulao Qishang), sweating in the genital area, and testicular swelling. Ri Huazi states: It treats cholera, cold qi, heart pain, and blood-qi disorders. Chen Zangqi states: Bibo Mo is acrid and warm, non-toxic. It treats vomiting and regurgitation due to cold qi, abdominal distension and fullness, indigestion, cold hernia, testicular swelling, infertility due to uterine cold in women, coldness of the waist and kidneys, and regulates blood and Qi.
(Lvhu) Salty in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily detoxifies various medicines, treats various heat syndromes in children, convulsive fever, and epidemic headaches with chills and fever; it should be ground with water for oral administration. It can also be applied externally to treat hot sores, malignant swellings, traumatic wounds with bleeding, and snake or dog bites. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It serves as the sovereign herb. Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It resolves childhood malnutrition fever and kills parasites. It also treats smallpox. Aversion: Neutralized by being transformed into water by evil insects.
(Tianzhuhuang/Zhuli related?) Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats irritability due to wind-heat, heat in the chest and diaphragm, brightens the eyes, calms the heart, treats childhood epilepsy and convulsions, cures five types of childhood malnutrition (Wu Gany), kills parasites, and treats hemorrhoidal sores. It resolves the toxicity of Croton seed (Badou). *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It can be used alone to kill roundworms in childhood malnutrition, is indicated for nasal insufflation, treats brain malnutrition, and removes nasal polyps. *Nanhai Pu* states: It also treats various heat syndromes in children. *Haishang Fang* states: It treats dental caries. Clean the teeth with salt, then apply a small amount of powder.