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[Arsenic Trioxide] Bitter and sour in flavor, toxic. It primarily treats various types of malaria and wind-phlegm in the chest and diaphragm, and can be used as an emetic. Ri Hua-zi stated: It is warm. It treats heart pain caused by blood and qi rushing upward in women, and has the effect of aborting the fetus. There is also yellow arsenic, which is warm and also toxic. It is incompatible with mung beans, cold water, and vinegar. It treats malaria and kidney qi disorders. Wearing it repels fleas and lice. Another theory states that it treats sudden stroke leading to coma and confusion resembling drunkenness, with abundant phlegm and saliva, and limbs unable to move. When used in medicine, it must be boiled in vinegar to eliminate toxicity before use.

It treats insect poison, sudden evil invasion, blood syncope, hematemesis, heals metal wounds, generates flesh, and stops bleeding. Another theory states that it treats heart pain and cholera, and also treats difficult labor in women.

[Lead Oxide] Salty, bitter, and pungent in flavor, warm, toxic. It primarily treats accumulations and masses, breaks up congealed blood, aborts fetuses, relieves pain and directs qi downward, treats cough and chronic cold, removes foul flesh, and generates healthy tissue. Chen Zangqi stated: It treats wasting and accumulation diseases in both men and women, irregular blood and qi, borborygmus, indigestion, qi stagnation in the throat, regurgitation and vomiting, enabling the patient to eat. *Yao Xing Lun* states: It has great toxicity. It is incompatible with fermented grain juice. Avoid eating sheep blood. Sour and salty in flavor. It can dissolve the five metals and eight minerals, corrode the stomach and intestines; if eaten raw, it transforms the human heart into blood. It can remove cold diseases and greatly benefits yang function. Xiao Bing stated: It serves as a guiding herb. Ri Hua-zi stated: Northern Ting sand is pungent and warm, non-toxic. It is incompatible with all sour substances. It supplements the water organ (kidney), warms the uterus, eliminates cold癖 (chronic cold masses), congealed blood, undigested food, qi masses,癖 accumulations, and downward flow of blood; treats malignant sores, polyps, fullness after eating meat, frequent urination at night, heart pain due to blood and qi disorders in women, and soreness and heaviness of the waist and hips with weakness in the limbs in men. For preparation, use lead oxide and calcined lime to make a cabinet, calcine until red-hot for use, then it is non-toxic. It can soften gold and silver to serve as soldering material.

[Another Substance] Pungent in flavor, slightly cold. It primarily treats vomiting and reverse flow of qi, epilepsy and mania, clears heat and directs qi downward, stops frequent urination, removes toxic heat, treats umbilical contraction, and stops bleeding from metal wounds. *Yao Xing Lun* states: It serves as the sovereign herb. It primarily treats palpitations, manic running, vomiting, and thirst; when decocted into a paste, it relieves pain and generates flesh. Xiao Bing stated: It serves as the minister herb. It is not used in decoctions. Ri Hua-zi stated: It is cool and non-toxic. It calms the heart and spirit, treats regurgitation, stops hematemesis and cough, applies externally to metal wounds to promote flesh growth and to scald burns, and also treats pediatric malaria and double tongue.