病源目为肝之外候，肝虚不足，为冷热所干，故气上冲于目，外复遇风冷所击，冷热相
搏而
卷中）
肘后疗目中风肿弄眼方。
矾石（二钱熬末）
上一味，以枣膏和如弹丸，以磨目上下，食顷止，日三。（磨一作揉姚同）
又方
取头垢着 中亦得。
又方
枸杞根白皮 伏鸡子壳
上二味等分，捣为末着目上。
范汪疗目中风肿痛方。
取薤白刀截，仍以肤上令遍漠皆差，薤头辛痛者止之。
集验疗目中肿痛方。
捣枸杞汁洗之，日六七度。（深师疗眼有热生翳肘后同）
删繁疗眼热 赤，生赤脉息肉，急痛开不得开，如芒在眼碜痛，大枣煎方。
大枣（十颗去皮核） 黄连（二两） 淡竹叶（五合）
上三味，以水二升，煎取一升，澄取八合，下枣黄连煎，取四合，去滓，绵滤，细细点
敷眼中。忌猪肉。
又车前草汤洗方。
车前草（切半升） 干蓝（五合） 淡竹叶（三两）
上三味切，以水三升，煮取二升，绵滤去滓，用上好盐半刀圭内汤中，搅令调，取冷，
细细用洗眼，一刀圭者准丸如两大豆大。（必效同）
张文仲疗眼暴赤肿，碜痛不得开，泪出方。
黄连 黄柏 蕤仁 盐碌 芒硝（各等分）
上五味捣筛，和如黍米大纳 中。忌猪肉。
千金论曰∶凡人年四十五十以后，渐觉眼暗，至六十以后，还渐目明，疗之法，五十以
前可服泻肝汤，五十以后不可泻肝，目中病可敷石胆散等药。无病不可辄敷散，但补肝而已，
目
当愈也。
凡生食五辛，接热食饮，刺头出血过多，极目远视，夜读细书，不避烟火，博弈不休，
日没
看，
上十九件，并是丧明之由，养性之士宜熟慎之，又有驰骋田猎，冒涉霜雪，迎风追
兽，日夜
凡人从少
已去，当
名曰肝
有风邪
广济主令明目方。
三月中取新杏仁研脂，绞取汁一升，石盐两大豆大，铜器盛之，取铜古钱二七文浸之二
七日，绵注目中，夜洗眼用。（出第五卷中）
短剧疗眼漠漠，黄连洗汤方。
黄连（三两） 秦皮（二两） 蕤仁（半两）
上三味 咀，水三升，煮取一升半，绞去滓，适寒温以洗目，日四五度，又加升麻二两
，加水煎之。忌猪肉。
集验明目，令发不落方。
十月上巳日，取槐子纳新KT 中，封口三十日，洗去皮，初服一枚，再服二枚，至十
日服
一月日服
旧病冷人勿
删繁疗肝虚寒，目KT KT ，视物不明，稀视生花，防风补煎方。
防风 细辛（各二两） 芎 白藓皮 独活（各三两） 甘草（炙） 橘皮（去脉各
二两） 大枣（二七
上十味切，以水一斗二升，煮取四升，去滓下蜜，更煎两沸，分为四服。日三，余一服
。若是五六月燥器贮，冷水藏之。忌海藻菘菜生菜。（千金崔氏同出第十一卷中）
千金补肝散，疗男子五劳七伤明目方。
地肤子（一斤阴干） 生地黄（七斤取汁）
上二味，捣地肤末和汁，曝之令干，更捣为散，酒服方寸匕。日三。
又方
白瓜子七升，绢袋盛，绞沸汤中三遍讫。以酢五升渍一宿，曝干，捣下筛。酒服方寸匕
，日三，久服佳。
又神曲丸，主明目，百岁可读细书方。
神曲（四两） 磁石（二两烧研） 光明朱砂（一两研）
上三味末之，蜜和丸如梧子，饮服三丸，日三，常服益眼力。众方不及，学人须知此方
神验，当宝秘之。忌生血物。（并出第六卷中）
千金翼泻肝汤，主藏中痰实热冲眼漠漠暗方。
苦竹根（八两） 半夏（四两洗） 干蓝 茯苓 枳实（炙） 白术（各三两） 杏仁
（二两熬）
干地黄（二两） 细辛（二两） 甘草（二两炙）
上十味切，以水一斗二升，煮取二升七合，分三服。
又补肝丸，主明目方。
地肤子 蓝子 蒺藜子 车前子 瓜子 菟丝子 茺蔚子 青葙子（各二分） 决明子
（
三合） 细辛 桂心 萤火虫（各三分） 大黄（八分） 黄连（六分）
上十四味捣筛，蜜和为丸如梧子，饮服子五丸，日三，加至三丸。（前方有白术名泻肝
此方有大黄名补肝通按前将节谨慎中云虚劳冷者宜服补肝丸岂有虚冷而可服大黄乎）
又主眼暗方。
蔓菁子（一斗净洗）
上一味以水四升煮，自旦至午，去汁易水又煮，至晚去汁易水又煮，至旦曝干，以布袋
贮之，一度捣三升，以粥饮服三方寸匕日三服，美酒等任性所便。（并出第十一卷中）
延年令目明方。
滤疗香取黍米一粒纳目 中，当有水出，并目中习习然引风出状，即明之候也，常以日
申时敷之。若似痛，以冷水洗之即定，以申时敷药者，为其目至日下，便漠漠暗如有物，即
以药
乳也
必效洗眼汤，去热气，漠漠视物不见，并翳方。
秦皮 黄柏皮 蕤仁（各三分） 细辛（二分） 茺蔚子（三分） 黄连（四分） 古
铜钱（七
文）
上七味切，以水二升，煮取八合，平旦洗目。忌生菜。
又青葙子丸，主眼风暗有花方。
青葙子 槐子 覆盆子 地肤子 菥 子 车前子（各五分）
上六味捣筛，蜜和丸如梧子，日服十五丸。忌五辛、猪鸡牛羊肉、鱼蒜、面酢。
近效疗眼中一切诸疾盲翳，天行风冷热，胎赤泪出，常漠漠不多见物，唯不疗睛破，余
悉主之方。
石胆（一两光明者） 波斯盐绿（一两色青阴两中干不湿者是） 真石盐（二两）
砂（
二分以上四味各别
细
辛（一两） 防风（三
两）
黄连（三两）
上十二味草石药合捣筛，睢似粉，仍以重绢罗重筛讫，以白蜜于火上微暖，去上沫取下
清者
每欲
明，
子、
此一
[Background Information]
Book: *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies)
Author: Wang Tao
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty, Tianbao 11th Year
Chapter: Five Formulas for Wind-Stroke Swelling of the Eye / Three Formulas for Hot, Gritty, Red, and Swollen Eyes / Fourteen Formulas for Dim Vision to Restore Clarity
Category: Formulas
[English Translation]
**Etiology and Pathogenesis:**
The eye is considered the external manifestation of the Liver (*Gan*, Liver). If the Liver is deficient and weak, it becomes susceptible to invasion by cold or heat pathogens. This causes Qi to rush upward to the eyes. Externally, if struck by wind-cold, the cold and heat pathogens contend with each other, leading to ocular disorders.
**Formulas from *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept in the Sleeve):**
*Formula for treating wind-stroke swelling of the eye and squinting (narrowing the eyes):*
Alum Fan Shi (2 qian, calcined and powdered).
Take this single ingredient, mix with jujube paste to form pills the size of a bullet. Rub gently on the upper and lower eyelids. Stop after a short while. Apply three times daily. ("Rub" is alternatively written as "massage"; Yao's view is the same.)
*Another Formula:*
Apply head grease (sebum/dirt from the scalp) into the eye.
*Another Formula:*
Cortex Radicis Lycii (White bark of Goji root) and Fu Ji Zi Qiao (Shell of a hen's egg, possibly implying a specific preparation or herb name preservation).
Take these two ingredients in equal proportions, crush into powder, and apply to the eye.
**Formula from Fan Wang for treating wind-stroke swelling and pain of the eye:**
Take Xie Bai (Rhizoma Allii Macrostemonis / Small Scallion), cut with a knife, and apply to the eyelid until the medicinal effect permeates thoroughly and the condition resolves. Stop if the Xie Bai causes stinging pain.
**Formula from *Ji Yan Fang* (Collected Proven Prescriptions) for treating wind-stroke swelling and pain of the eye:**
Crush and extract juice from Gou Qi (Lycium fruit/Goji), and use it to wash the eye, six to seven times daily. (Note: *Shen Shi Fang* treats heat-induced nebula; *Zhouhou Fang* is identical.)
**Formula from *Shan Fan Fang* (Simplified Prescriptions) for treating hot, red eyes, growth of red vessels and polyps, severe pain preventing opening, gritty sensation like a foreign body, using Jujube Decoction:**
Da Zao (Jujube, 10 pieces, peeled and pitted); Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 2 liang); Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba, 5 he).
Take these three ingredients, decoct in 2 sheng of water to obtain 1 sheng. Clarify and take 8 ge. Add Da Zao and Huang Lian, decoct further to obtain 4 he. Remove dregs, filter through silk cotton, and instill finely into the eye. Avoid pork.
*Another Formula: Plantago Leaf Decoction for Washing:*
Che Qian Cao (Plantaginis Herba, chopped, half sheng); Gan Lan (Dry Isatidis Root/Indigo Root, 5 he); Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba, 3 liang).
Chop the three ingredients, decoct in 3 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Filter through silk cotton to remove dregs. Add half Dao Gui of high-quality salt to the decoction, stir well. Let cool. Wash the eyes carefully with this solution. One Dao Gui is approximately the size of two large soybeans. (Identical to *Bi Xiao Fang*).
**Formula from Zhang Wenzhong for treating sudden redness and swelling of the eye, gritty pain preventing opening, and tearing:**
Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma); Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex); Rui Ren (Pruni Semen / Blossom Pit Seed); Yan Lu (Salt mineral preparation, preserve original term); Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas). Equal parts.
Crush and sieve the five ingredients, mix to form particles the size of millet seeds, and insert into the eye. Avoid pork.
**Discussion from *Qian Jin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold):**
It is stated that after the age of forty or fifty, people gradually experience dim vision. After sixty, vision may gradually improve. The treatment method is: before fifty, one may take Xie Gan Tang (Drain the Liver Decoction); after fifty, one should not drain the Liver. For eye diseases, topical application of Shi Dan San (Stalactite Powder) etc. is allowed. Those without disease should not arbitrarily use powders; simply tonifying the Liver will suffice, and vision will recover.
Causes of blindness include: consuming raw pungent herbs (Five Pungents), eating/drinking hot foods, excessive bleeding from scalp acupuncture, straining vision by looking far, reading small print at night, exposure to smoke and fire, continuous gambling/chess playing, viewing things after sunset, and nineteen other factors. Those who cultivate health should be cautious about these. Also, horse riding, hunting in frost and snow, chasing beasts against the wind, and day-and-night exertion...
From youth... removed... named Liver... has wind pathogen...
**Brightening Formula from *Guang Ji Fang*:**
In the third month, take fresh Almond Ren (Apricot Seed), grind to extract oil/juice, squeeze out 1 sheng of juice. Add Shi Yan (Rock Salt) the size of two soybeans. Store in a copper vessel. Immerse fourteen ancient copper coins (two sets of seven) for twenty-seven days. Filter through silk cotton and instill into the eye for evening washing. (From Volume 5)
**Washing Decoction with Coptis for Blurred Vision from *Duan Ju Fang*:**
Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 liang); Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex, 2 liang); Rui Ren (Pruni Semen, half liang).
Chop the three ingredients, decoct in 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Strain and remove dregs. Wash eyes at a comfortable temperature, four to five times daily. Additionally add Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 liang), add water and decoct. Avoid pork.
**Brightening and Hair Retention Formula from *Ji Yan Fang*:**
On the Shangsi Day in the tenth month, place Huai Zi (Sophora Fruit) in a new container, seal for thirty days. Wash off the skin. Take one pill initially, then two pills, up to ten days' dosage... Monthly dosage... Do not use for those with old cold conditions...
**Windproof Tonifying Decoction for Liver Deficiency Cold from *Shan Fan Fang*:**
Treats liver deficiency cold, squinting/blurred vision, unclear sight, and visual hallucinations (seeing flowers).
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix); Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) [each 2 liang]; Xiong Qiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma); Bai Xian Pi (Dictamni Cortex); Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) [each 3 liang]; Gan Cao (Licorice Root, roasted); Ju Pi (Citrus Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed) [each 2 liang]; Da Zao (Jujube, 14 pieces).
Chop the ten ingredients, decoct in 12 sheng of water to obtain 4 sheng. Remove dregs, add honey, boil twice more. Divide into four doses. Take three times daily, leaving one dose. Store in summer (May-June) in a vessel, kept in cold water. Avoid Seaweed, Song Cai (Chinese Cabbage), and raw vegetables. (Identical to *Qian Jin Fang* Cui Shi formula, from Vol 11).
**Liver-Tonifying Powder from *Qian Jin Fang* for Brightening Vision in Men with Five Exhaustions and Seven Injuries:**
Di Fu Zi (Kochiae Fructus, dried in shade, 1 jin); Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, juice from 7 jin).
Crush Di Fu Zi into powder, mix with juice, dry in sun, crush again into powder. Take one Fang Cun Bi (approx. 2.7 ml) with wine, three times daily.
*Another Formula:*
Bai Gua Zi (Benincasae Semen, 7 sheng), placed in a silk bag, boiled in water three times. Soak in 5 sheng of vinegar overnight, dry, crush, and sieve. Take one Fang Cun Bi with wine, three times daily. Long-term use is beneficial.
*Divine Curd Pill for Brightening Vision, Allowing Reading Small Print at Age Hundred:*
Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven, 4 liang); Ci Shi (Magnetitum, calcined and powdered, 2 liang); Guang Ming Zhu Sha (Vermiculitum/Cinnabar, purified, 1 liang).
Grind to powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of wisteria seeds. Take three pills with water, three times daily. Regular use benefits eyesight. Other formulas cannot compare. Scholars must know this formula is miraculous and keep it secret. Avoid raw blood products. (From Vol 6).
**Liver-Draining Decoction from *Qian Jin Yi Fang* for Treating Blurred Vision due to Phlegm-Heat Rising from Viscera:**
Ku Zhu Gen (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia, 8 liang); Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed, 4 liang); Gan Lan; Fu Ling (Poria); Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus, roasted); Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) [each 3 liang]; Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen, roasted, 2 liang); Gan Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 2 liang); Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang); Gan Cao (Licorice Root, roasted, 2 liang).
Chop the ten ingredients, decoct in 12 sheng of water to obtain 2.7 sheng. Divide into three doses.
*Another Liver-Tonifying Pill for Brightening Vision:*
Di Fu Zi; Lan Zi; Ji Li Zi (Tribuli Fructus); Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen); Gua Zi; Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen); Chong Wei Zi (Leonuri Fructus); Qing Xiang Zi (Celosiae Semen) [each 2 fen]; Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, 3 he); Xi Xin; Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus); Ying Huo Chong (Lampyridis Cicada, 3 fen each); Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 8 fen); Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 6 fen).
Crush and sieve the fourteen ingredients, mix with honey to make pills the size of wisteria seeds. Take five pills with water, three times daily, increase to three pills (Note: The previous formula contains Bai Zhu and is named Liver-Draining; this formula contains Da Huang and is named Liver-Tonifying. Commentary notes: Previous section states deficiency-cold patients should take Liver-Tonifying Pill; how can deficiency-cold tolerate Da Huang?).
*Another Formula for Dim Vision:*
Man Jing Zi (Brassicae Pekinensis Semen, 1 dou, washed clean).
Decoct this single ingredient in 4 sheng of water. From morning to noon, discard liquid, change water, and decoct again. From evening to next morning, discard liquid, change water, and decoct again. Dry in sun. Store in cloth bag. Grind 3 sheng per dose. Take three Fang Cun Bi with gruel/wine, three times daily. Use fine wine as preferred. (From Vol 11).
**Formula for Brightening Eyes from *Yan Nian Fang*:**
Filter aromatic herbs. Place one grain of Millet Shi Mi in the eye. Water will flow out, and a sensation of wind being drawn out will be felt, indicating brightening. Apply usually at Shen hour (3-5 PM). If painful, wash with cold water to settle. Applying at Shen hour is because as the sun sets, vision becomes dim/blurred as if obstructed, so apply medicine... milk...
**Eye-Washing Decoction from *Bi Xiao Fang* for Removing Heat, Blurred Vision, and Nebula:**
Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex); Huang Bo Pi (Phellodendri Cortex); Rui Ren (Pruni Semen) [each 3 fen]; Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2 fen); Chong Wei Zi (Leonuri Fructus, 3 fen); Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 4 fen); Gu Tong Qian (Ancient Copper Coin, 7 wen).
Chop the seven ingredients, decoct in 2 sheng of water to obtain 8 ge. Wash eyes at dawn. Avoid raw vegetables.
*Another Celosia Seed Pill for Treating Wind-Dimness and Visual Hallucinations:*
Qing Xiang Zi (Celosiae Semen); Huai Zi (Sophorae Fructus); Fu Pen Zi (Rubi Caulis Fructus); Di Fu Zi (Kochiae Fructus); Xi Zi (possibly Sesbania or similar seed); Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen) [each 5 fen].
Crush and sieve the six ingredients, mix with honey to make pills the size of wisteria seeds. Take fifteen pills daily. Avoid Five Pungents, pork, chicken, beef, mutton, fish, garlic, vinegar, and noodles.
**Near-Efficacy Formula for All Eye Diseases, Blindness, Nebula, Epidemic Wind-Cold-Heat, Congenital Redness and Tearing, Chronic Blurred Vision, Except for Globe Rupture:**
Shi Dan (Chalcitis, 1 liang, bright/luminous quality); Bo Si Yan Lv (Persian Green Salt, 1 liang, dark green/black, dried in shade, not damp); Zhen Shi Yan (True Rock Salt, 2 liang); Sha (Sand/Mineral, 2+ liang)... [Ingredients separated] Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang); Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 3 liang); Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 liang).
Crush and sieve the twelve herbal and mineral ingredients until fine as powder. Sieve repeatedly through heavy silk gauze. Warm white honey slightly over fire, remove foam, take the clear part... When desired... Bright... Seed... This one...