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The larger ones are called *Ehe* (Malignant Nodules), and the smaller ones are called *Tanhe* (Phlegm Nodules). At the onset, they are hard and painless, similar in presentation to *Shiju* (Stone Abscess). However, the cold coagulation is extremely entrenched, and the root of the toxicity is deeply hidden. One should decoct and take *Huang Wan* (Yellow Pill) until the swelling dissipates. Surgical incision is strictly contraindicated; if incised, it leads to *Fanhu* (Flower-like Ulceration/Carcinomatous change), which is difficult to treat. If *Fanhu* has already occurred, use a large toad (*Bufo gargarizans*), slit its abdomen, puncture several holes, and apply the whole body including internal organs over the affected wound to draw out toxicity and soften the tissue. Internally, administer warming, tonifying, and toxin-expelling formulas that resolve phlegm, concluding treatment with *Xihuang Wan* (Calculus Bovis Pill). For pregnant women, only *Yanghe Tang* (Warming Yang Decoction) should be taken.

External Treatment Formula (Verified):
Take several large river snails (*Cipangopaludina chinensis*), crush them into a paste, and apply to the affected area for immediate dissipation.

Jiawei Erchen Tang (Modified Two-Aged Phlegm Decoction) [General Formula No. 18]
Yanghe Tang (Warming Yang Decoction) [General Formula No. 5]
Yanghe Wan (Warming Yang Pill) [General Formula No. 6]
Xihuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) [General Formula No. 48]

The larger ones are called *Ying* (Goiter), and the smaller ones are called *Liu* (Tumor). In *Ying*, the stalk is small and hangs downward; in *Liu*, the top is small and the base is broad. *Ying* mostly occurs on the shoulders and neck/jaw areas, while *Liu* can occur anywhere. *Liu* is easy to treat, whereas *Ying* rarely heals completely. For *Ying*, internally use *Kaijie San* (Knot-Resolving Powder) and *Neifu Shenxiao Fang* (Inner Palace Miraculous Formula); externally use the Spider Silk Wrapping Method or Licorice Shrinking Method. Slowly resolving the mass can lead to gradual shrinkage and healing. Do not lightly use knives or needles, as this may cause uncontrollable bleeding and immediate danger.

Among *Liu*, *Fenliu* (Powder Tumor) is the most common. It is pinkish-red, often occurring around the ears and neck, or sometimes in the lower body. It results from the stagnation and accumulation of fluids and secretions in the interstices (*Couli*). Apply medication. However, recurrence is common because there is an internal sac. Use *Huajing Gao* (Purifying Ointment) for topical application; once the sac is cleared, healthy tissue regenerates and heals naturally.

There is also *Heisha Liu* (Black Sand Tumor), mostly occurring on the buttocks and legs. The swelling varies in size. When lifted by hand, black material is found inside. Puncture with a needle to release black sand accompanied by sound; the texture varies between soft and hard.

There is also *Faliu* (Hair Tumor), mostly occurring about one cun below the hairline behind the ear. It is soft, small, and protruding, painless upon pressure. Puncture with a needle to expel powdery hair completely.

There is also *Shiliu* (Louse Tumor). Upon eruption, the itching penetrates to the bone. Upon rupture, countless lice emerge, with one particularly large louse at the center. Only after removing this large louse is the condition fully resolved. These three types are treated similarly to *Fenliu*; moxibustion can also be used.

There is also *Chongliu* (Insect Tumor), often occurring under the ribs. It originates from emotional depression and stagnation, making treatment difficult and ineffective.

There is also *Tieguliu* (Bone-Adherent Tumor), adhering to the bone and causing extreme pain. Use roots of *Lycium chinense* (Wolfberry Root Bark) with skin and bone, and roots of *Dendranthema indicum* (Wild Chrysanthemum Root) with skin and bone, sliced and dried. Use as much as possible, and decoct together with roots of *Scutellaria barbata* (Zihuadiding). One dose brings cure.

There is also *Tailiu* (Congenital Tumor), appearing as swelling on the head or between the chest and breasts in newborns. Large ones resemble steamed buns, small ones resemble plums or apricots. This is formed by the stagnation and coagulation of fetal blood stasis. (Note: Original text lacks subsequent treatment description here.)

Kaijie San (Knot-Resolving Powder)
*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride* (Ju Hong) (4 liang)
*Agarwood* (Chen Xiang)
*Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) (2 qian each)
*Pearl* (Zhen Zhu) (49 grains, double if small. Place in a clay pot, seal with salt mud, fire until red, remove, and eliminate fire toxicity before use)
*Pig Neck Meat* (Zhu Yan Rou Zi) (49 pieces, specifically meat nodules like dates found on the neck of piglets)
Grind all into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with wine, swallowed slowly before sleep. Small lesions heal in 3–5 doses; large lesions heal with one prescription. Strictly avoid sour, salty, greasy, and qi-stagnating foods. Preparation must be done on auspicious days in a quiet room.

Neifu Shenxiao Fang (Inner Palace Miraculous Formula)
*Sargassum* (Hai Zao) (Washed)
*Laminaria/Kelp* (Kun Bu) (Washed)
*Kelp* (Hai Dai)
*Sea Flour* (Hai Fen) (Refined)
*Cuttlefish Bone* (Hai Piao Xiao)
*Concha Meretricis* (Hai Luo) (Use long shells if the apex shakes, otherwise use standard shells)
Mix equal parts, grind into fine powder, and form honey pills the size of a longan. Hold one pill in the mouth to dissolve slowly before bed. Effect is miraculous. (This is a formula passed down from the Inner Palace.)

Spider Silk Wrapping Method
Twist spider silk into a thick thread and wrap it tightly around the base of the lesion. After a few days, the thread tightens, and the tumor root gradually thins. Repeated changes make it thinner. Within half a month, the tumor detaches naturally. Note that while other threads loosen daily, spider silk tightens daily. This physical wonder deserves investigation through Gezhi (investigation of things).

Licorice Shrinking Method
Decoct licorice (*Gan Cao*) into a paste. Apply around the perimeter of the lesion with a brush. After three applications, mix equal parts of *Kansui Radix* (Yuan Hua), *Radix Euphorbiae Kansui* (Da Ji), and *Radix Kansui* (Gan Sui) into powder, mix with vinegar, and apply to the center of the lesion with another brush. Alternate application daily. Natural shrinkage and healing will occur.

Wonderful Formula for Treating Tumors (Verified)
Place a solid piece of musk weighing several li at the center of the tumor. Apply a mugwort ball the size of a mung bean on top and perform moxibustion. Without blistering or breaking the skin, the tumor will dry up and recede to normal.

Attached: Main Formula for Generalized Phlegm Tumors with Itching
Use 2 jin of soap pods (*Soapberry*), remove the edges and skin. Add 10 jin of dripping vinegar and slowly simmer into a paste. Spread and apply to the affected area.

Another Formula
Mix powder of raw *Arisaema cum Bile* (Sheng Nanxing) with vinegar, or apply juice of *Tricyrtis hirta* root (Yuzanhua Gen) topically.